Lebanon : Country Environmental Analysis
After the post-war reconstruction period that started in 1990-1992, Lebanon made spectacular improvements to repair the scars of the wars by investing heavily in public infrastructure, roads, highways, airports and harbors, communications, commerci...
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| Format: | Country Environmental Analysis (CEA) |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
World Bank
2012
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000356161_20110608023457 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/2757 |
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okr-10986-2757 |
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| recordtype |
oai_dc |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English |
| topic |
ABSORPTIVE CAPACITY AIR POLLUTANTS AIR POLLUTION AIR QUALITY ANNUAL RAINFALL BENEFIT ANALYSIS BOD CARBON CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES CLEANER PRODUCTION CLIMATE CHANGE COASTAL AREAS COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT COASTAL ZONES COMPOSTING CONSTRUCTION DEBT DECISION MAKING DIESEL ENGINES DISPOSAL FACILITIES DOMESTIC WASTEWATER DRAINAGE DRAINAGE NETWORK ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECOSYSTEM ELECTRICITY ELECTRICITY GENERATION ELECTRICITY SECTOR ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY EFFICIENCY ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEM ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY EXPENDITURES FINANCIAL RESOURCES FIRES GAS GAS PRODUCTION GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT GROUNDWATER HUMAN HEALTH IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE INCINERATION INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITIES INDUSTRIAL AREAS INDUSTRIAL SECTOR INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS IRRIGATION LAND USE LANDFILL MSW MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MUNICIPAL WASTE MUNICIPAL WASTE COLLECTION MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER NATIONAL INCOME NATURAL DISASTERS NATURAL HERITAGE NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT NATURAL RESOURCES OFFSHORE OIL OIL OIL SPILL OIL SPILLS OUTFALLS OXYGEN OXYGEN DEMAND POLICY MAKERS POLITICAL ECONOMY POLLUTERS POLLUTION ABATEMENT POPULATION DENSITY POPULATION GROWTH POTABLE WATER PRECIPITATION PUBLIC EXPENDITURES PUBLIC GOOD PUBLIC HEALTH PUBLIC PARTICIPATION PUBLIC UTILITIES RECYCLING RECYCLING FACILITIES RESOURCE MANAGEMENT RESOURCE USE RIVERS RUNOFF SANITARY LANDFILLS SANITATION SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH SEWAGE SLUDGE SOIL POLLUTION SOILS SOLID WASTE SOLID WASTE COLLECTION SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TERTIARY TREATMENT TERTIARY WASTEWATER TREATMENT TRANSACTION COSTS TRANSPORT COSTS URBAN AIR POLLUTION VALUABLE INFORMATION WASTE DISPOSAL WASTE MANAGEMENT WASTE MINIMIZATION WASTE WATER WASTES WASTEWATER WASTEWATER DISPOSAL WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT WASTEWATER REUSE WASTEWATER TREATMENT WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS WATER BALANCE WATER POLLUTION WATER QUALITY WATER RESOURCE WATER SUPPLY WTE |
| spellingShingle |
ABSORPTIVE CAPACITY AIR POLLUTANTS AIR POLLUTION AIR QUALITY ANNUAL RAINFALL BENEFIT ANALYSIS BOD CARBON CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES CLEANER PRODUCTION CLIMATE CHANGE COASTAL AREAS COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT COASTAL ZONES COMPOSTING CONSTRUCTION DEBT DECISION MAKING DIESEL ENGINES DISPOSAL FACILITIES DOMESTIC WASTEWATER DRAINAGE DRAINAGE NETWORK ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECOSYSTEM ELECTRICITY ELECTRICITY GENERATION ELECTRICITY SECTOR ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY EFFICIENCY ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEM ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY EXPENDITURES FINANCIAL RESOURCES FIRES GAS GAS PRODUCTION GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT GROUNDWATER HUMAN HEALTH IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE INCINERATION INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITIES INDUSTRIAL AREAS INDUSTRIAL SECTOR INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS IRRIGATION LAND USE LANDFILL MSW MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MUNICIPAL WASTE MUNICIPAL WASTE COLLECTION MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER NATIONAL INCOME NATURAL DISASTERS NATURAL HERITAGE NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT NATURAL RESOURCES OFFSHORE OIL OIL OIL SPILL OIL SPILLS OUTFALLS OXYGEN OXYGEN DEMAND POLICY MAKERS POLITICAL ECONOMY POLLUTERS POLLUTION ABATEMENT POPULATION DENSITY POPULATION GROWTH POTABLE WATER PRECIPITATION PUBLIC EXPENDITURES PUBLIC GOOD PUBLIC HEALTH PUBLIC PARTICIPATION PUBLIC UTILITIES RECYCLING RECYCLING FACILITIES RESOURCE MANAGEMENT RESOURCE USE RIVERS RUNOFF SANITARY LANDFILLS SANITATION SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH SEWAGE SLUDGE SOIL POLLUTION SOILS SOLID WASTE SOLID WASTE COLLECTION SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TERTIARY TREATMENT TERTIARY WASTEWATER TREATMENT TRANSACTION COSTS TRANSPORT COSTS URBAN AIR POLLUTION VALUABLE INFORMATION WASTE DISPOSAL WASTE MANAGEMENT WASTE MINIMIZATION WASTE WATER WASTES WASTEWATER WASTEWATER DISPOSAL WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT WASTEWATER REUSE WASTEWATER TREATMENT WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS WATER BALANCE WATER POLLUTION WATER QUALITY WATER RESOURCE WATER SUPPLY WTE World Bank Lebanon : Country Environmental Analysis |
| geographic_facet |
Middle East and North Africa Middle East Europe Lebanon |
| description |
After the post-war reconstruction period
that started in 1990-1992, Lebanon made spectacular
improvements to repair the scars of the wars by investing
heavily in public infrastructure, roads, highways, airports
and harbors, communications, commercial estates, and high
and middle income housing. The environmental neglect had an
impact on the economy and resulted in a degradation
amounting to US$ 565 million in 2000 or 3.4 percent of Gross
Domestic product (GDP) for local environment and US$ 655
million or 3.9 percent when global environment is included.
Environment has remained a secondary priority, characterized
by an uncompleted legal and institutional framework as well
as by ineffective policies to address the challenges and
political constraints to deliver reforms. These challenges
are: 1) regional disparities in poverty levels are
significant; 2) wastewater connections covered 66 percent of
households in 2007, but wastewater treatment is lagging
behind; 3) municipal solid waste collection seems to have
been resolve, whereas disposal remains a persistent issue;
and 4) Lebanon's natural heritage is being impacted. In
order for Lebanon to meet its environmental challenges,
changes are needed in the way it manages its social and
economic development as well as in the way it makes choices
among competing issues and priorities. |
| format |
Economic & Sector Work :: Country Environmental Analysis (CEA) |
| author |
World Bank |
| author_facet |
World Bank |
| author_sort |
World Bank |
| title |
Lebanon : Country Environmental Analysis |
| title_short |
Lebanon : Country Environmental Analysis |
| title_full |
Lebanon : Country Environmental Analysis |
| title_fullStr |
Lebanon : Country Environmental Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Lebanon : Country Environmental Analysis |
| title_sort |
lebanon : country environmental analysis |
| publisher |
World Bank |
| publishDate |
2012 |
| url |
http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000356161_20110608023457 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/2757 |
| _version_ |
1764385903012216832 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-27572021-04-23T14:02:04Z Lebanon : Country Environmental Analysis World Bank ABSORPTIVE CAPACITY AIR POLLUTANTS AIR POLLUTION AIR QUALITY ANNUAL RAINFALL BENEFIT ANALYSIS BOD CARBON CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES CLEANER PRODUCTION CLIMATE CHANGE COASTAL AREAS COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT COASTAL ZONES COMPOSTING CONSTRUCTION DEBT DECISION MAKING DIESEL ENGINES DISPOSAL FACILITIES DOMESTIC WASTEWATER DRAINAGE DRAINAGE NETWORK ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECOSYSTEM ELECTRICITY ELECTRICITY GENERATION ELECTRICITY SECTOR ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY EFFICIENCY ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEM ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY EXPENDITURES FINANCIAL RESOURCES FIRES GAS GAS PRODUCTION GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT GROUNDWATER HUMAN HEALTH IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE INCINERATION INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITIES INDUSTRIAL AREAS INDUSTRIAL SECTOR INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS IRRIGATION LAND USE LANDFILL MSW MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MUNICIPAL WASTE MUNICIPAL WASTE COLLECTION MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER NATIONAL INCOME NATURAL DISASTERS NATURAL HERITAGE NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT NATURAL RESOURCES OFFSHORE OIL OIL OIL SPILL OIL SPILLS OUTFALLS OXYGEN OXYGEN DEMAND POLICY MAKERS POLITICAL ECONOMY POLLUTERS POLLUTION ABATEMENT POPULATION DENSITY POPULATION GROWTH POTABLE WATER PRECIPITATION PUBLIC EXPENDITURES PUBLIC GOOD PUBLIC HEALTH PUBLIC PARTICIPATION PUBLIC UTILITIES RECYCLING RECYCLING FACILITIES RESOURCE MANAGEMENT RESOURCE USE RIVERS RUNOFF SANITARY LANDFILLS SANITATION SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH SEWAGE SLUDGE SOIL POLLUTION SOILS SOLID WASTE SOLID WASTE COLLECTION SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TERTIARY TREATMENT TERTIARY WASTEWATER TREATMENT TRANSACTION COSTS TRANSPORT COSTS URBAN AIR POLLUTION VALUABLE INFORMATION WASTE DISPOSAL WASTE MANAGEMENT WASTE MINIMIZATION WASTE WATER WASTES WASTEWATER WASTEWATER DISPOSAL WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT WASTEWATER REUSE WASTEWATER TREATMENT WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS WATER BALANCE WATER POLLUTION WATER QUALITY WATER RESOURCE WATER SUPPLY WTE After the post-war reconstruction period that started in 1990-1992, Lebanon made spectacular improvements to repair the scars of the wars by investing heavily in public infrastructure, roads, highways, airports and harbors, communications, commercial estates, and high and middle income housing. The environmental neglect had an impact on the economy and resulted in a degradation amounting to US$ 565 million in 2000 or 3.4 percent of Gross Domestic product (GDP) for local environment and US$ 655 million or 3.9 percent when global environment is included. Environment has remained a secondary priority, characterized by an uncompleted legal and institutional framework as well as by ineffective policies to address the challenges and political constraints to deliver reforms. These challenges are: 1) regional disparities in poverty levels are significant; 2) wastewater connections covered 66 percent of households in 2007, but wastewater treatment is lagging behind; 3) municipal solid waste collection seems to have been resolve, whereas disposal remains a persistent issue; and 4) Lebanon's natural heritage is being impacted. In order for Lebanon to meet its environmental challenges, changes are needed in the way it manages its social and economic development as well as in the way it makes choices among competing issues and priorities. 2012-03-19T10:12:48Z 2012-03-19T10:12:48Z 2011-06-01 http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000356161_20110608023457 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/2757 English CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank World Bank Economic & Sector Work :: Country Environmental Analysis (CEA) Middle East and North Africa Middle East Europe Lebanon |