Dire Straits : The Crisis Surrounding Poverty, Conflict, and Water in the Republic of Yemen
This report is part of a global set of Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene for All (WASH) diagnostics carried out in countries where WASH services for the poor are deficient and where their might be institutional constraints to improving coverage and se...
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| Format: | Report |
| Language: | English en_US |
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World Bank, Washington, DC
2017
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/429601499145081869/Dire-straits-the-crisis-surrounding-poverty-conflict-and-water-in-the-Republic-of-Yemen http://hdl.handle.net/10986/27531 |
| Summary: | This report is part of a global set of
Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene for All (WASH) diagnostics
carried out in countries where WASH services for the poor
are deficient and where their might be institutional
constraints to improving coverage and services. The Republic
of Yemen is an important case because it has an active armed
conflict, a plausible increase in poverty over the last
decade, and the weakest performance on WASH-related
indicators in the region. Analyzing the situation in the
Republic of Yemen is significant yet difficult due to the
country’s political turmoil since 2011, and, since 2014, the
violent and destructive armed conflict. Advances in WASH
provision made over the last decade been halted, and the
wholesale physical destruction, institutional degradation,
and movement of internally displaced people (IDPs) have
contributed to an alarming deterioration in WASH services
(DAS 2016). The goal of this report is to develop a better
understanding of: (a) poverty in the Republic of Yemen; (b)
the levels of WASH access and service delivery; and (c) the
institutional (and to some extent political and economic)
constraints to WASH delivery in the Republic of Yemen,
recognizing that this is mostly a pre-conflict analysis. The
report also provides pointers for how WASH strategies and
investments may be recalibrated in the post-conflict period
to assist both short-term recovery and medium-term
structured development, and how short- and medium-term
strategies may fit into a long-term vision of universal
access to safe water and sanitation. These suggestions are
given with priority to the poor, and noting the country’s
extreme water scarcity. The diagnostic utilizes the
Household Budget Survey (HBS) of 2005/06 and 2014, which are
nationally representative household surveys (WHO/UNICEF
2014). The HBS data contain information on the household
roster, activities, dwelling conditions, health, education,
anthropometrics, income, durable goods, and consumption. In
addition, the National Health and Demographic Survey 2013
complements HBS datasets and is also used. With regard to
the institutional analyses, the diagnostic relies on a
largely desk based analysis to identify core problem areas
for further investigation and desk-based mapping of
structures and relationships to identify a set of priority
problems. It relies onthe availability of relevant data and
secondary literature. Therefore, this diagnostic generates
hypotheses to be further tested and indicates areas for
further analysis. Further, given the conflict in the
Republic of Yemen, the diagnostic focuses on short-term
sector reconstruction efforts than on longer term
institutional reform, although the latter is important given
the extreme water security situation in the Republic of
Yemen, and therefore remains within the report’s line of sight. |
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