Germany's Post-1945 and Post-1989 Education Systems
The re-education of the German people overseen by the victorious allied powers, the inclusion of the causes and consequences of totalitarianism in school curricula and a comprehensive policy of ensuring that the Nazi period remained firmly in the G...
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| Format: | Working Paper |
| Language: | English en_US |
| Published: |
World Bank, Washington, DC
2017
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/656201468275952734/Germanys-post-1945-and-post-1989-education-systems http://hdl.handle.net/10986/27508 |
| Summary: | The re-education of the German people
overseen by the victorious allied powers, the inclusion of
the causes and consequences of totalitarianism in school
curricula and a comprehensive policy of ensuring that the
Nazi period remained firmly in the German collective memory
were the elements that formed the basis of a viable
liberal-democratic post-war consensus in West Germany.
Democratic opinions and values progressively took the place
of the racist, chauvinistic ideology of the National
Socialists, which had proclaimed the superiority of the
'master race' and ultimately led to the outbreak
of the Second World War. The most extensive re-education
measures were implemented under the American occupation. The
Office of Military Government for Germany US (OMGUS) under
the US zone's Military Governor General Lucius D. Clay
allocated $1.03 million to the education program in the
period to 1948, while the amount increased to $48 million
between 1949 and 1952 under the Office of the High
Commissioner US, Germany (HICOG). In addition, by 1949
rehabilitation programs were already being undertaken in
West Germany by more than 50 private American organizations,
including the American Council on Education, the labor
unions AFL and CIO, the League of Women Voters, and the
Rockefeller and Ford Foundations (Rupieper 1996: 200). |
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