Petroleum Product Markets in Sub-Saharan Africa : Comparative Efficiency Analysis of 12 Countries

Petroleum products are used across the entire economy in every country. Gasoline and diesel are the primary fuels used in road transport. Oil is used in power generation, accounting for eleven percent of total electricity generated in Africa in 200...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: World Bank
Format: Energy Study
Language:English
Published: Washington, DC 2012
Subjects:
BUS
TAX
Online Access:http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000333037_20110415023812
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/2743
id okr-10986-2743
recordtype oai_dc
repository_type Digital Repository
institution_category Foreign Institution
institution Digital Repositories
building World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection World Bank
language English
topic ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY
ACCIDENTS
AIRPORT
ALTERNATIVE TRANSPORT
ALTERNATIVE TRANSPORT MODES
AVAILABILITY
AVIATION FUEL
BALANCE
BALANCE OF PAYMENTS
BARRIERS TO ENTRY
BOILERS
BORDER TRADE
BUS
BUS OPERATORS
CAPITAL INVESTMENTS
CARRIERS
CARS
COAL
COASTAL TANKER
CONCESSION
CONGESTION
CONSUMPTION OF PETROLEUM
CONTINGENT LIABILITIES
COSTS OF FUEL
CRUDE OIL
CRUDE OIL PIPELINE
CRUDE PRICE
CRUDE PRICES
DEMAND FOR AVIATION
DEMAND FOR PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
DEPOT
DEPOTS
DIESEL
DIESEL FUEL
DISTRIBUTION INFRASTRUCTURE
DOMESTIC CRUDE OIL
DOMESTIC MARKET
DOWNSTREAM OIL
ECONOMIC REGULATION
ECONOMIES OF SCALE
EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT
ELECTRICITY
EXPORT MARKET
FAIR
FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE
FLEET MANAGEMENT
FLEET OPERATORS
FREE GASOLINE
FREIGHT
FREIGHT SECTOR
FREIGHT TRANSPORT
FUEL
FUEL ADULTERATION
FUEL COSTS
FUEL OIL
FUEL PRICES
FUEL PROCUREMENT
FUEL QUALITY
FUEL SHORTAGE
FUEL SHORTAGES
FUEL SPECIFICATIONS
FUEL SUPPLY
FUEL TAXES
FUELS
GAS PROCESSING PLANT
GASOLINE
GASOLINE COST
GASOLINE PRICES
GASOLINE PRODUCTION
GASOLINE PUMP PRICES
GRID POWER
GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
HIGHER OIL PRICES
HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURES
HUB AIRPORTS
INSPECTION
INTERNATIONAL MARKETS
INTERNATIONAL OIL PRICES
INVENTORY
KEROSENE
KEROSENE CONSUMPTION
LAND TRANSPORT
LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS
LIQUID FUELS
LONG-DISTANCE
LUBRICANTS
MARKET CONCENTRATION
MARKET INFORMATION
MARKET PRICES
MARKET SHARE
MARKET STRUCTURE
MARKETING
MILLION BARRELS
MINERAL
MONOPOLIES
MONOPOLY
NATIONAL OIL
NATURAL GAS
NATURAL GAS PROCESSING
NATURAL MONOPOLIES
NATURAL RESOURCES
OIL AND GAS
OIL COMPANY
OIL DEMAND
OIL INDUSTRY
OIL MARKETING
OIL MARKETING COMPANIES
OIL PIPELINE
OIL PRICE
OIL PRICES
OIL PRODUCER
OIL PRODUCTS
OIL REFINERIES
OIL SECTOR
OIL SUPPLY
OIL-IMPORTING COUNTRIES
PETROLEUM
PETROLEUM GAS
PETROLEUM INDUSTRY
PETROLEUM MARKET
PETROLEUM PRODUCT CONSUMPTION
PETROLEUM PRODUCT PRICES
PETROLEUM PRODUCT SUPPLY
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
PETROLEUM REFINERIES
PETROLEUM SECTOR
PETROLEUM SUPPLY
PIPELINE
PIPELINE CAPACITY
PIPELINE COMPANY
PIPELINE TRANSPORT
PIPELINES
PORT OF ENTRY
POWER
POWER GENERATION
POWER PLANT
POWER SECTOR
POWER SHORTAGES
PRICE ADJUSTMENT
PRICE CEILINGS
PRICE CONTROL
PRICE INCREASES
PRICE LEVELS
PRICE OF OIL
PRICE REGULATION
PRICE SPIKES
PRICE STABILIZATION
PRICE STRUCTURE
PRICE TRENDS
PRICE VOLATILITY
PRICING POLICIES
PRICING POLICY
PRIMARY SOURCES
PRIVATE INVESTMENT
PRIVATE SECTOR
PRIVATE VEHICLES
PRODUCT MARKETS
PRODUCTS PIPELINE
PROFIT MARGINS
PUBLIC TRANSPORT
PURCHASING
RAIL
RAIL FREIGHT
RAIL INFRASTRUCTURE
RAIL LINE
RAIL TRANSPORT
RAIL USE
RAILWAY
RAILWAYS
REFINED PRODUCTS
REFINERY
REFINERY CAPACITY
REFINING
RESIDUAL FUEL
RESIDUAL FUEL OIL
RETAIL
RETAIL MARKETING
RETAIL PRICE
RETAIL PRICES
RETAILING
ROAD
ROAD CONDITIONS
ROAD DAMAGE
ROAD IMPROVEMENT
ROAD TRANSPORT
ROADS
ROUTE
ROUTES
SALE
SALES
SALES ARRANGEMENTS
SPOT PRICE
STOCK LEVELS
STOCK MANAGEMENT
STOCKS
STORAGE CAPACITY
STORAGE FACILITIES
SULFUR
SUPPLIER
SUPPLIERS
SUPPLY CHAIN
SUPPLY CONTRACT
SUPPLY EFFICIENCY
SURPLUS
TAX
TAX REVENUES
TRAFFIC
TRAFFIC SAFETY
TRAINS
TRANSIT
TRANSPARENCY
TRANSPORT
TRANSPORT ACTIVITIES
TRANSPORT CAPACITY
TRANSPORT COSTS
TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE
TRANSPORT MODE
TRANSPORT MODES
TRANSPORT SECTOR
TRANSPORT SERVICES
TRUCKS
TRUE
UNDERGROUND
UTILITIES
VEHICLE
WHOLESALE DISTRIBUTORS
WHOLESALE MARKETING
WHOLESALERS
WORLD MARKET
WORLD OIL PRICES
spellingShingle ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY
ACCIDENTS
AIRPORT
ALTERNATIVE TRANSPORT
ALTERNATIVE TRANSPORT MODES
AVAILABILITY
AVIATION FUEL
BALANCE
BALANCE OF PAYMENTS
BARRIERS TO ENTRY
BOILERS
BORDER TRADE
BUS
BUS OPERATORS
CAPITAL INVESTMENTS
CARRIERS
CARS
COAL
COASTAL TANKER
CONCESSION
CONGESTION
CONSUMPTION OF PETROLEUM
CONTINGENT LIABILITIES
COSTS OF FUEL
CRUDE OIL
CRUDE OIL PIPELINE
CRUDE PRICE
CRUDE PRICES
DEMAND FOR AVIATION
DEMAND FOR PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
DEPOT
DEPOTS
DIESEL
DIESEL FUEL
DISTRIBUTION INFRASTRUCTURE
DOMESTIC CRUDE OIL
DOMESTIC MARKET
DOWNSTREAM OIL
ECONOMIC REGULATION
ECONOMIES OF SCALE
EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT
ELECTRICITY
EXPORT MARKET
FAIR
FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE
FLEET MANAGEMENT
FLEET OPERATORS
FREE GASOLINE
FREIGHT
FREIGHT SECTOR
FREIGHT TRANSPORT
FUEL
FUEL ADULTERATION
FUEL COSTS
FUEL OIL
FUEL PRICES
FUEL PROCUREMENT
FUEL QUALITY
FUEL SHORTAGE
FUEL SHORTAGES
FUEL SPECIFICATIONS
FUEL SUPPLY
FUEL TAXES
FUELS
GAS PROCESSING PLANT
GASOLINE
GASOLINE COST
GASOLINE PRICES
GASOLINE PRODUCTION
GASOLINE PUMP PRICES
GRID POWER
GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
HIGHER OIL PRICES
HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURES
HUB AIRPORTS
INSPECTION
INTERNATIONAL MARKETS
INTERNATIONAL OIL PRICES
INVENTORY
KEROSENE
KEROSENE CONSUMPTION
LAND TRANSPORT
LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS
LIQUID FUELS
LONG-DISTANCE
LUBRICANTS
MARKET CONCENTRATION
MARKET INFORMATION
MARKET PRICES
MARKET SHARE
MARKET STRUCTURE
MARKETING
MILLION BARRELS
MINERAL
MONOPOLIES
MONOPOLY
NATIONAL OIL
NATURAL GAS
NATURAL GAS PROCESSING
NATURAL MONOPOLIES
NATURAL RESOURCES
OIL AND GAS
OIL COMPANY
OIL DEMAND
OIL INDUSTRY
OIL MARKETING
OIL MARKETING COMPANIES
OIL PIPELINE
OIL PRICE
OIL PRICES
OIL PRODUCER
OIL PRODUCTS
OIL REFINERIES
OIL SECTOR
OIL SUPPLY
OIL-IMPORTING COUNTRIES
PETROLEUM
PETROLEUM GAS
PETROLEUM INDUSTRY
PETROLEUM MARKET
PETROLEUM PRODUCT CONSUMPTION
PETROLEUM PRODUCT PRICES
PETROLEUM PRODUCT SUPPLY
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
PETROLEUM REFINERIES
PETROLEUM SECTOR
PETROLEUM SUPPLY
PIPELINE
PIPELINE CAPACITY
PIPELINE COMPANY
PIPELINE TRANSPORT
PIPELINES
PORT OF ENTRY
POWER
POWER GENERATION
POWER PLANT
POWER SECTOR
POWER SHORTAGES
PRICE ADJUSTMENT
PRICE CEILINGS
PRICE CONTROL
PRICE INCREASES
PRICE LEVELS
PRICE OF OIL
PRICE REGULATION
PRICE SPIKES
PRICE STABILIZATION
PRICE STRUCTURE
PRICE TRENDS
PRICE VOLATILITY
PRICING POLICIES
PRICING POLICY
PRIMARY SOURCES
PRIVATE INVESTMENT
PRIVATE SECTOR
PRIVATE VEHICLES
PRODUCT MARKETS
PRODUCTS PIPELINE
PROFIT MARGINS
PUBLIC TRANSPORT
PURCHASING
RAIL
RAIL FREIGHT
RAIL INFRASTRUCTURE
RAIL LINE
RAIL TRANSPORT
RAIL USE
RAILWAY
RAILWAYS
REFINED PRODUCTS
REFINERY
REFINERY CAPACITY
REFINING
RESIDUAL FUEL
RESIDUAL FUEL OIL
RETAIL
RETAIL MARKETING
RETAIL PRICE
RETAIL PRICES
RETAILING
ROAD
ROAD CONDITIONS
ROAD DAMAGE
ROAD IMPROVEMENT
ROAD TRANSPORT
ROADS
ROUTE
ROUTES
SALE
SALES
SALES ARRANGEMENTS
SPOT PRICE
STOCK LEVELS
STOCK MANAGEMENT
STOCKS
STORAGE CAPACITY
STORAGE FACILITIES
SULFUR
SUPPLIER
SUPPLIERS
SUPPLY CHAIN
SUPPLY CONTRACT
SUPPLY EFFICIENCY
SURPLUS
TAX
TAX REVENUES
TRAFFIC
TRAFFIC SAFETY
TRAINS
TRANSIT
TRANSPARENCY
TRANSPORT
TRANSPORT ACTIVITIES
TRANSPORT CAPACITY
TRANSPORT COSTS
TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE
TRANSPORT MODE
TRANSPORT MODES
TRANSPORT SECTOR
TRANSPORT SERVICES
TRUCKS
TRUE
UNDERGROUND
UTILITIES
VEHICLE
WHOLESALE DISTRIBUTORS
WHOLESALE MARKETING
WHOLESALERS
WORLD MARKET
WORLD OIL PRICES
World Bank
Petroleum Product Markets in Sub-Saharan Africa : Comparative Efficiency Analysis of 12 Countries
geographic_facet Africa
Sub-Saharan Africa
description Petroleum products are used across the entire economy in every country. Gasoline and diesel are the primary fuels used in road transport. Oil is used in power generation, accounting for eleven percent of total electricity generated in Africa in 2007. Adequate and reliable supply of transport services and electricity in turn are essential for economic development. Households use a variety of petroleum products: kerosene is used for lighting, cooking, and heating; liquefied petroleum gas for cooking and heating; and gasoline and diesel for private vehicles as well as captive power generation. Prices users pay for these petroleum products have macroeconomic and microeconomic consequences. At the macroeconomic level, oil price levels can affect the balance of payments, gross domestic product (GDP), and, where fuel prices are subsidized, government budgets, contingent liabilities, or both. At the microeconomic level, higher oil prices lower effective household income in three ways. First, households pay more for petroleum products they consume directly. Seventy percent of Sub-Saharan Africans are not yet connected to electricity; most without access rely on kerosene for lighting. Second, higher oil prices increase the prices of all other goods that have oil as an intermediate input. The most significant among them for the poor in low-income countries is food, on which the poor spend a disproportionately high share of total household expenditures. Food prices increase because of higher transport costs and higher prices of such inputs to agriculture as fertilizers and diesel used for operating tractors and irrigation pumps. For the urban poor that use public transport, higher transport costs also decrease their effective income. Third, to the extent that higher oil prices lower GDP growth, household income is reduced.
format Economic & Sector Work :: Energy Study
author World Bank
author_facet World Bank
author_sort World Bank
title Petroleum Product Markets in Sub-Saharan Africa : Comparative Efficiency Analysis of 12 Countries
title_short Petroleum Product Markets in Sub-Saharan Africa : Comparative Efficiency Analysis of 12 Countries
title_full Petroleum Product Markets in Sub-Saharan Africa : Comparative Efficiency Analysis of 12 Countries
title_fullStr Petroleum Product Markets in Sub-Saharan Africa : Comparative Efficiency Analysis of 12 Countries
title_full_unstemmed Petroleum Product Markets in Sub-Saharan Africa : Comparative Efficiency Analysis of 12 Countries
title_sort petroleum product markets in sub-saharan africa : comparative efficiency analysis of 12 countries
publisher Washington, DC
publishDate 2012
url http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000333037_20110415023812
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/2743
_version_ 1764385880546476032
spelling okr-10986-27432021-04-23T14:02:04Z Petroleum Product Markets in Sub-Saharan Africa : Comparative Efficiency Analysis of 12 Countries World Bank ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY ACCIDENTS AIRPORT ALTERNATIVE TRANSPORT ALTERNATIVE TRANSPORT MODES AVAILABILITY AVIATION FUEL BALANCE BALANCE OF PAYMENTS BARRIERS TO ENTRY BOILERS BORDER TRADE BUS BUS OPERATORS CAPITAL INVESTMENTS CARRIERS CARS COAL COASTAL TANKER CONCESSION CONGESTION CONSUMPTION OF PETROLEUM CONTINGENT LIABILITIES COSTS OF FUEL CRUDE OIL CRUDE OIL PIPELINE CRUDE PRICE CRUDE PRICES DEMAND FOR AVIATION DEMAND FOR PETROLEUM PRODUCTS DEPOT DEPOTS DIESEL DIESEL FUEL DISTRIBUTION INFRASTRUCTURE DOMESTIC CRUDE OIL DOMESTIC MARKET DOWNSTREAM OIL ECONOMIC REGULATION ECONOMIES OF SCALE EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT ELECTRICITY EXPORT MARKET FAIR FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE FLEET MANAGEMENT FLEET OPERATORS FREE GASOLINE FREIGHT FREIGHT SECTOR FREIGHT TRANSPORT FUEL FUEL ADULTERATION FUEL COSTS FUEL OIL FUEL PRICES FUEL PROCUREMENT FUEL QUALITY FUEL SHORTAGE FUEL SHORTAGES FUEL SPECIFICATIONS FUEL SUPPLY FUEL TAXES FUELS GAS PROCESSING PLANT GASOLINE GASOLINE COST GASOLINE PRICES GASOLINE PRODUCTION GASOLINE PUMP PRICES GRID POWER GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT HIGHER OIL PRICES HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURES HUB AIRPORTS INSPECTION INTERNATIONAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL OIL PRICES INVENTORY KEROSENE KEROSENE CONSUMPTION LAND TRANSPORT LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS LIQUID FUELS LONG-DISTANCE LUBRICANTS MARKET CONCENTRATION MARKET INFORMATION MARKET PRICES MARKET SHARE MARKET STRUCTURE MARKETING MILLION BARRELS MINERAL MONOPOLIES MONOPOLY NATIONAL OIL NATURAL GAS NATURAL GAS PROCESSING NATURAL MONOPOLIES NATURAL RESOURCES OIL AND GAS OIL COMPANY OIL DEMAND OIL INDUSTRY OIL MARKETING OIL MARKETING COMPANIES OIL PIPELINE OIL PRICE OIL PRICES OIL PRODUCER OIL PRODUCTS OIL REFINERIES OIL SECTOR OIL SUPPLY OIL-IMPORTING COUNTRIES PETROLEUM PETROLEUM GAS PETROLEUM INDUSTRY PETROLEUM MARKET PETROLEUM PRODUCT CONSUMPTION PETROLEUM PRODUCT PRICES PETROLEUM PRODUCT SUPPLY PETROLEUM PRODUCTS PETROLEUM REFINERIES PETROLEUM SECTOR PETROLEUM SUPPLY PIPELINE PIPELINE CAPACITY PIPELINE COMPANY PIPELINE TRANSPORT PIPELINES PORT OF ENTRY POWER POWER GENERATION POWER PLANT POWER SECTOR POWER SHORTAGES PRICE ADJUSTMENT PRICE CEILINGS PRICE CONTROL PRICE INCREASES PRICE LEVELS PRICE OF OIL PRICE REGULATION PRICE SPIKES PRICE STABILIZATION PRICE STRUCTURE PRICE TRENDS PRICE VOLATILITY PRICING POLICIES PRICING POLICY PRIMARY SOURCES PRIVATE INVESTMENT PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE VEHICLES PRODUCT MARKETS PRODUCTS PIPELINE PROFIT MARGINS PUBLIC TRANSPORT PURCHASING RAIL RAIL FREIGHT RAIL INFRASTRUCTURE RAIL LINE RAIL TRANSPORT RAIL USE RAILWAY RAILWAYS REFINED PRODUCTS REFINERY REFINERY CAPACITY REFINING RESIDUAL FUEL RESIDUAL FUEL OIL RETAIL RETAIL MARKETING RETAIL PRICE RETAIL PRICES RETAILING ROAD ROAD CONDITIONS ROAD DAMAGE ROAD IMPROVEMENT ROAD TRANSPORT ROADS ROUTE ROUTES SALE SALES SALES ARRANGEMENTS SPOT PRICE STOCK LEVELS STOCK MANAGEMENT STOCKS STORAGE CAPACITY STORAGE FACILITIES SULFUR SUPPLIER SUPPLIERS SUPPLY CHAIN SUPPLY CONTRACT SUPPLY EFFICIENCY SURPLUS TAX TAX REVENUES TRAFFIC TRAFFIC SAFETY TRAINS TRANSIT TRANSPARENCY TRANSPORT TRANSPORT ACTIVITIES TRANSPORT CAPACITY TRANSPORT COSTS TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE TRANSPORT MODE TRANSPORT MODES TRANSPORT SECTOR TRANSPORT SERVICES TRUCKS TRUE UNDERGROUND UTILITIES VEHICLE WHOLESALE DISTRIBUTORS WHOLESALE MARKETING WHOLESALERS WORLD MARKET WORLD OIL PRICES Petroleum products are used across the entire economy in every country. Gasoline and diesel are the primary fuels used in road transport. Oil is used in power generation, accounting for eleven percent of total electricity generated in Africa in 2007. Adequate and reliable supply of transport services and electricity in turn are essential for economic development. Households use a variety of petroleum products: kerosene is used for lighting, cooking, and heating; liquefied petroleum gas for cooking and heating; and gasoline and diesel for private vehicles as well as captive power generation. Prices users pay for these petroleum products have macroeconomic and microeconomic consequences. At the macroeconomic level, oil price levels can affect the balance of payments, gross domestic product (GDP), and, where fuel prices are subsidized, government budgets, contingent liabilities, or both. At the microeconomic level, higher oil prices lower effective household income in three ways. First, households pay more for petroleum products they consume directly. Seventy percent of Sub-Saharan Africans are not yet connected to electricity; most without access rely on kerosene for lighting. Second, higher oil prices increase the prices of all other goods that have oil as an intermediate input. The most significant among them for the poor in low-income countries is food, on which the poor spend a disproportionately high share of total household expenditures. Food prices increase because of higher transport costs and higher prices of such inputs to agriculture as fertilizers and diesel used for operating tractors and irrigation pumps. For the urban poor that use public transport, higher transport costs also decrease their effective income. Third, to the extent that higher oil prices lower GDP growth, household income is reduced. 2012-03-19T10:12:24Z 2012-03-19T10:12:24Z 2011-01-01 http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000333037_20110415023812 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/2743 English CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank Washington, DC Economic & Sector Work :: Energy Study Africa Sub-Saharan Africa