The Impacts of Economic Crisis in Mongolia : Findings from Focus Group Discussions

Mongolia was hit hard by the global economic recession, notably the fall in commodity prices. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) contracted by 1.6 percent in 2009 after growth of 8.9 percent in 2008. The country is narrowly specialized in production of a...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Reva, Anna, Heltberg, Rasmus, Sodnomtseren, Altantsetseg, Sarantuya, J.
Format:	Policy Note
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2017
Subjects:	ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES ACCESS TO MARKETS ALCOHOL ABUSE ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION ANIMAL ANIMAL FEED ANIMAL FODDER ANIMAL HUSBANDRY ANIMAL PRODUCTIVITY ANIMALS BABY BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE BLACK MARKET BUS BUS TICKET CAMELS CAR CAR BREAKS CARS CASH TRANSFERS CATERING CHRONIC POVERTY CITIZEN CITIZENS COMMODITY PRICE COMMODITY PRICES COMMUNITY GROUP CONFLICT CONSUMER PRICES COST OF TRANSPORTATION COSTS OF TRANSPORTATION COWS DAIRY DAIRY PRODUCTS DISABILITY DISASTERS DISCRIMINATION DOGS DOMESTIC VIOLENCE DRIVERS DRIVING DURABLE GOODS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES ECONOMIC SHOCKS ECOSYSTEM ELDERLY EMERGENCY SITUATIONS EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES EMPLOYMENT STATUS EXPENDITURES FAMILY MEMBERS FAMILY TIES FARM FARMERS FEED FISCAL CONSTRAINTS FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSIONS FOOD BASKET FOOD CONSUMPTION FOOD IMPORTS FOOD PRICE FOOD PRICES FOOD PRODUCTS GAME GENDER ROLES GOATS HEALTH INSURANCE HEALTH RISKS HEALTH SERVICES HERDERS HERDING HERDS HIGH TRANSPORT HOMELESS PEOPLE HORSE HOUSEHOLD BUDGETS HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION HUMAN DEVELOPMENT ILLNESS INCOME INTERNATIONAL MIGRANTS JOB CREATION LABOR MARKET LACK OF SKILLS LIVELIHOOD OPPORTUNITIES LIVESTOCK LIVESTOCK BREEDING LIVESTOCK PRODUCERS LIVESTOCK PRODUCTIVITY LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS LIVESTOCK SALES LIVESTOCK SECTOR LIVING CONDITIONS LIVING STANDARDS LOCAL COMMUNITY LOCAL GOVERNMENTS LOSS OF LAND MALNUTRITION MARKET CONDITIONS MARKET TRADERS MATERNITY LEAVE MEAT MEAT PRICES MEAT PROCESSING MEAT PRODUCTS MIDDLEMEN MIGRANT MIGRANT WORKERS MIGRANTS MILK MOBILITY NATURAL DISASTERS NUMBER OF PEOPLE NUTRITION PASTORAL LIVELIHOODS PASTURE MANAGEMENT PENSIONS POLICE POOR POOR FAMILIES POOR HOUSEHOLDS POOR INDIVIDUALS POPULATION GROUPS PRICE FLUCTUATIONS PRICE INFLATION PRIMARY SCHOOL PRODUCER PRICES PROGRESS PUBLIC AWARENESS PUBLIC SERVICES PUBLIC SUPPORT RANGE MANAGEMENT REMITTANCE REMITTANCES REMOTE LOCATIONS RESETTLEMENT ROADS ROLE OF WOMEN RURAL RURAL AREAS RURAL ENTREPRENEURS RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE RURAL POPULATION RURAL WOMEN SAFETY SAFETY NET SAFETY NETS SAVINGS SCHOOL CHILDREN SCHOOL STUDENTS SELF-ESTEEM SERVICE PROVISION SEVERANCE PAYMENTS SHEEP SHEEP WOOL SINGLE MOTHERS SKILLED WORKERS SKILLS DEVELOPMENT SMALL ENTERPRISES SMALL LOANS SOCIAL ASSISTANCE SOCIAL CHANGES SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL IMPACTS SOCIAL PROGRAMS SOCIAL SAFETY NETS SOCIAL SERVICES SOCIAL WELFARE SOCIAL WORKERS STREETS SUBSISTENCE FARMERS SUPPLY CHAINS TAX TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRANSPORT TRANSPORT COSTS TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION COST TRANSPORTATION COSTS TRANSPORTS TRUE TURNOVER UNEMPLOYMENT UNIVERSITY EDUCATION URBAN AREAS URBAN CENTERS URBAN MIGRATION URBAN WOMEN VICTIMS VULNERABILITY VULNERABLE GROUPS WEALTH WHOLESALE PRICES WOMAN WOOL WORKING CONDITIONS YOUNG ADULTS YOUNG AGE YOUNG MEN YOUNG PEOPLE
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/384901468060257363/The-impacts-of-economic-crisis-in-Mongolia-findings-from-focus-group-discussions http://hdl.handle.net/10986/27413

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Summary:	Mongolia was hit hard by the global economic recession, notably the fall in commodity prices. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) contracted by 1.6 percent in 2009 after growth of 8.9 percent in 2008. The country is narrowly specialized in production of a few primary goods with minerals comprising 70 percent of total exports. Since mid-2008, the prices of main export goods, including copper, zinc, crude petroleum, combed goat-down and cashmere dropped by close to or more than 50 percent, though prices of coal and gold held strong. Furthermore, construction activity fell sharply in 2009 as both the public and private sectors reduced investments and bank loans became less accessible. The research was conducted in urban and rural areas of Mongolia and involved interviews and focus group discussions with about 500 people total (over the four rounds of data collection) belonging to groups identified as particularly exposed to the impacts of the crisis. The primary impacts of the crisis were observed through: 1) labor market effects (e.g. reduced salaries, increased discrimination in the labor market, intensified competition for jobs and a reduction in profitability of small businesses of the poor), 2) price shocks, and 3) social changes (e.g. increase in crime and alcohol abuse). These impacts were particularly significant for the poor.

The Impacts of Economic Crisis in Mongolia : Findings from Focus Group Discussions

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