Revitalizing the HIV Response in Pakistan : A Systematic Review and Policy Recommendations
Pakistan has made strides over the last decade in its Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) response, with active surveillance, considerable research, both governmental and non?governmental prevention and care activities, and treatment since 20...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Report |
| Language: | English en_US |
| Published: |
World Bank, Washington, DC
2017
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/989991468145474026/Revitalizing-the-HIV-response-in-Pakistan-a-systematic-review-and-policy-recommendations-synthesis-report http://hdl.handle.net/10986/27222 |
| id |
okr-10986-27222 |
|---|---|
| recordtype |
oai_dc |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
ADDICTION ADULT LITERACY ADULT PREVALENCE AIDS PROGRAMS ANAL SEX ANTENATAL VISITS ANTIBODIES ARMED CONFLICT AT RISK GROUPS BASIC HEALTH BEHAVIOR CHANGE BLOOD DONORS BLOOD PRODUCTS BLOOD SUPPLY BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS BOTH SEXES CIRCUMCISION CIVIL CONFLICT CIVIL RIGHTS CLINICS COHORT STUDIES COMMERCIAL SEX COMMERCIAL SEX WORK COMMERCIAL SEX WORKERS COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION CONDOM CONDOM AVAILABILITY CONDOM USE CONDOMS COST EFFECTIVENESS CRIME DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DISASTERS DISEASE DISEASE OUTBREAKS DOCTOR DOCTORS DRUG ABUSE DRUG DEPENDENCE DRUG OF CHOICE DRUG TRAFFICKING DRUG TREATMENT DRUG USE DRUGS EFFECTIVE PREVENTION EMERGENCIES EPIDEMIC EPIDEMICS EPIDEMIOLOGIC TRENDS EPIDEMIOLOGY FAMILIES FEMALE FEMALE SEX WORKERS FEMALES FERTILITY FERTILITY RATE FEWER PEOPLE GENDER GENDER GAP GENDER GAP IN LITERACY GENDER IDENTITY GENDER INEQUITIES GENDER ROLES GLOBAL HIV/AIDS HARM REDUCTION HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS HEALTH INDICATORS HEALTH PROFESSIONALS HEALTH SECTOR HEALTH SERVICES HEALTH SYSTEM HEPATITIS HEPATITIS B HEPATITIS B SURFACE ANTIGEN HEPATITIS C HEROIN USE HIGH RISK GROUPS HIV HIV INFECTION HIV INFECTION RATES HIV INFECTIONS HIV POSITIVE HIV PREVENTION HIV PREVENTION INTERVENTIONS HIV TESTING HIV TRANSMISSION HIV/AIDS HOSPITAL HOSPITALIZATION HOSPITALS HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUMAN RIGHTS HUMANITARIAN CRISES INFECTION RATES INFECTIOUS DISEASE INJECTING DRUG USE INJECTION DRUG INJECTION DRUG USE INTERCOURSE INTERVENTION LARGE CITIES LAWS LEVELS OF CONDOM USE LEVELS OF EDUCATION LIFE EXPECTANCY LIVE BIRTHS LOW PREVALENCE MALE CIRCUMCISION MALE SEX MALE SEX WORKERS MATERNAL MORTALITY MATERNAL MORTALITY RATE MEDICAL SCIENCES METHADONE MIGRANT MIGRANT WORKERS MIGRANTS MIGRATION MINISTRY OF HEALTH MINORITY MORTALITY NATIONAL AIDS NATIONAL AIDS CONTROL NATIONAL POLICY NATIONAL SURVEILLANCE NATURAL DISASTERS NEEDLE SHARING NEW INFECTIONS NUMBER OF ADULTS NUMBER OF CHILDREN NUMBER OF WOMEN NURSES PATIENTS PHARMACEUTICALS PHARMACISTS POLICY RESPONSE POLITICAL INSTABILITY POPULATION REFERENCE BUREAU POPULATION SIZE POPULOUS COUNTRY PRACTITIONERS PREGNANT WOMEN PREVALENCE PREVALENCE RATE PREVALENCE RATES PREVENTION EDUCATION PREVENTION INTERVENTIONS PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PRIMARY HEALTH CARE SYSTEM PRISONS PROGRESS PUBLIC HEALTH PUBLIC HOSPITALS PUBLIC LIFE RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS RATE OF CONDOM USE RATES OF INFECTION REFUGEES REMITTANCES REPRODUCTIVE LIFE REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS RESOURCE ALLOCATIONS RESPECT RISK BEHAVIOR RISK BEHAVIORS RISK EXPOSURE RISK FACTORS RISK GROUPS RISK POPULATIONS RISK REDUCTION RURAL AREAS RURAL POPULATIONS SCREENING SERVICE DELIVERY SERVICE PROVIDERS SERVICE UTILIZATION SEX SEX BEHAVIOR SEX WITH MEN SEX WORK SEX WORKER SEX WORKERS SEXUAL ACTIVITY SEXUAL ENCOUNTERS SEXUAL NETWORKS SEXUAL PARTNERS SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTION SKILLED ATTENDANT SOCIAL SUPPORT SPECIALIST STD STIS STRATEGIC PRIORITIES STREET OUTREACH SURVEILLANCE DATA SURVEILLANCE PROJECT SYPHILIS SYRINGES TB THERAPY TREATMENT TREATMENT SERVICES TUBERCULOSIS UNAIDS UNFPA UNITED NATIONS POPULATION FUND URBAN AREAS URBAN CENTERS URBANIZATION VAGINAL INTERCOURSE VIOLENCE VIRAL LOAD VIRUS VOLUNTARY COUNSELING VULNERABILITY WOMAN |
| spellingShingle |
ADDICTION ADULT LITERACY ADULT PREVALENCE AIDS PROGRAMS ANAL SEX ANTENATAL VISITS ANTIBODIES ARMED CONFLICT AT RISK GROUPS BASIC HEALTH BEHAVIOR CHANGE BLOOD DONORS BLOOD PRODUCTS BLOOD SUPPLY BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS BOTH SEXES CIRCUMCISION CIVIL CONFLICT CIVIL RIGHTS CLINICS COHORT STUDIES COMMERCIAL SEX COMMERCIAL SEX WORK COMMERCIAL SEX WORKERS COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION CONDOM CONDOM AVAILABILITY CONDOM USE CONDOMS COST EFFECTIVENESS CRIME DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DISASTERS DISEASE DISEASE OUTBREAKS DOCTOR DOCTORS DRUG ABUSE DRUG DEPENDENCE DRUG OF CHOICE DRUG TRAFFICKING DRUG TREATMENT DRUG USE DRUGS EFFECTIVE PREVENTION EMERGENCIES EPIDEMIC EPIDEMICS EPIDEMIOLOGIC TRENDS EPIDEMIOLOGY FAMILIES FEMALE FEMALE SEX WORKERS FEMALES FERTILITY FERTILITY RATE FEWER PEOPLE GENDER GENDER GAP GENDER GAP IN LITERACY GENDER IDENTITY GENDER INEQUITIES GENDER ROLES GLOBAL HIV/AIDS HARM REDUCTION HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS HEALTH INDICATORS HEALTH PROFESSIONALS HEALTH SECTOR HEALTH SERVICES HEALTH SYSTEM HEPATITIS HEPATITIS B HEPATITIS B SURFACE ANTIGEN HEPATITIS C HEROIN USE HIGH RISK GROUPS HIV HIV INFECTION HIV INFECTION RATES HIV INFECTIONS HIV POSITIVE HIV PREVENTION HIV PREVENTION INTERVENTIONS HIV TESTING HIV TRANSMISSION HIV/AIDS HOSPITAL HOSPITALIZATION HOSPITALS HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUMAN RIGHTS HUMANITARIAN CRISES INFECTION RATES INFECTIOUS DISEASE INJECTING DRUG USE INJECTION DRUG INJECTION DRUG USE INTERCOURSE INTERVENTION LARGE CITIES LAWS LEVELS OF CONDOM USE LEVELS OF EDUCATION LIFE EXPECTANCY LIVE BIRTHS LOW PREVALENCE MALE CIRCUMCISION MALE SEX MALE SEX WORKERS MATERNAL MORTALITY MATERNAL MORTALITY RATE MEDICAL SCIENCES METHADONE MIGRANT MIGRANT WORKERS MIGRANTS MIGRATION MINISTRY OF HEALTH MINORITY MORTALITY NATIONAL AIDS NATIONAL AIDS CONTROL NATIONAL POLICY NATIONAL SURVEILLANCE NATURAL DISASTERS NEEDLE SHARING NEW INFECTIONS NUMBER OF ADULTS NUMBER OF CHILDREN NUMBER OF WOMEN NURSES PATIENTS PHARMACEUTICALS PHARMACISTS POLICY RESPONSE POLITICAL INSTABILITY POPULATION REFERENCE BUREAU POPULATION SIZE POPULOUS COUNTRY PRACTITIONERS PREGNANT WOMEN PREVALENCE PREVALENCE RATE PREVALENCE RATES PREVENTION EDUCATION PREVENTION INTERVENTIONS PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PRIMARY HEALTH CARE SYSTEM PRISONS PROGRESS PUBLIC HEALTH PUBLIC HOSPITALS PUBLIC LIFE RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS RATE OF CONDOM USE RATES OF INFECTION REFUGEES REMITTANCES REPRODUCTIVE LIFE REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS RESOURCE ALLOCATIONS RESPECT RISK BEHAVIOR RISK BEHAVIORS RISK EXPOSURE RISK FACTORS RISK GROUPS RISK POPULATIONS RISK REDUCTION RURAL AREAS RURAL POPULATIONS SCREENING SERVICE DELIVERY SERVICE PROVIDERS SERVICE UTILIZATION SEX SEX BEHAVIOR SEX WITH MEN SEX WORK SEX WORKER SEX WORKERS SEXUAL ACTIVITY SEXUAL ENCOUNTERS SEXUAL NETWORKS SEXUAL PARTNERS SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTION SKILLED ATTENDANT SOCIAL SUPPORT SPECIALIST STD STIS STRATEGIC PRIORITIES STREET OUTREACH SURVEILLANCE DATA SURVEILLANCE PROJECT SYPHILIS SYRINGES TB THERAPY TREATMENT TREATMENT SERVICES TUBERCULOSIS UNAIDS UNFPA UNITED NATIONS POPULATION FUND URBAN AREAS URBAN CENTERS URBANIZATION VAGINAL INTERCOURSE VIOLENCE VIRAL LOAD VIRUS VOLUNTARY COUNSELING VULNERABILITY WOMAN Beyrer, Chris Singh, Sonal Ambrosio, Marco Semini, Iris Revitalizing the HIV Response in Pakistan : A Systematic Review and Policy Recommendations |
| geographic_facet |
South Asia Pakistan |
| description |
Pakistan has made strides over the last
decade in its Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
response, with active surveillance, considerable research,
both governmental and non?governmental prevention and care
activities, and treatment since 2005 to 2006. However, the
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) prevalence among People
Who Inject Drugs (PWID) has not declined, coverage of
current prevention and treatment programs remains limited
and the gains made to date are threatened by internal and
external factors. This report attempts to review and
synthesize available data on HIV in Pakistan and to use
these data to suggest strategic priorities for the next
phase of the HIV response in an effort to improve the
allocative efficiency of resources and effective and
efficient implementation of the response. This report
presents an integrated model for HIV services delivery that
depicts a continuum of care from prevention outreach to
treatment with a focus on evidence based interventions and
strong linkages. It describes three potential models for
Volunteer Counseling and Testing (VCT) services for most at
risk populations that increase outreach and engagement with
PWID, hijra communities, and Male Sex Workers (MSWs), and
their clients. It also places heavy emphasis on evidence
based approaches to prevention including expanding treatment
for High Risk Groups (HRGs) and improving the linkages for
HIV positive and HIV negative PWID for drug treatment
services, such as Methadone Maintenance Therapy (MMT), and
outlines the steps for an evidenced based, effective and
efficient policy response at a time of shrinking resources
for HIV in overall low prevalence settings. This report is
organized as follows: chapter one gives introduction;
chapter two presents epidemiology methods; chapter three
gives country context; chapter four presents status of HIV
epidemic; chapter five gives summary of key findings;
chapter six deals with systems response to HIV and AIDS in
Pakistan; chapter seven gives key policy recommendations;
and chapter eight gives conclusion. |
| format |
Report |
| author |
Beyrer, Chris Singh, Sonal Ambrosio, Marco Semini, Iris |
| author_facet |
Beyrer, Chris Singh, Sonal Ambrosio, Marco Semini, Iris |
| author_sort |
Beyrer, Chris |
| title |
Revitalizing the HIV Response in Pakistan : A Systematic Review and Policy Recommendations |
| title_short |
Revitalizing the HIV Response in Pakistan : A Systematic Review and Policy Recommendations |
| title_full |
Revitalizing the HIV Response in Pakistan : A Systematic Review and Policy Recommendations |
| title_fullStr |
Revitalizing the HIV Response in Pakistan : A Systematic Review and Policy Recommendations |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Revitalizing the HIV Response in Pakistan : A Systematic Review and Policy Recommendations |
| title_sort |
revitalizing the hiv response in pakistan : a systematic review and policy recommendations |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2017 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/989991468145474026/Revitalizing-the-HIV-response-in-Pakistan-a-systematic-review-and-policy-recommendations-synthesis-report http://hdl.handle.net/10986/27222 |
| _version_ |
1764463637114650624 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-272222021-04-23T14:04:40Z Revitalizing the HIV Response in Pakistan : A Systematic Review and Policy Recommendations Beyrer, Chris Singh, Sonal Ambrosio, Marco Semini, Iris ADDICTION ADULT LITERACY ADULT PREVALENCE AIDS PROGRAMS ANAL SEX ANTENATAL VISITS ANTIBODIES ARMED CONFLICT AT RISK GROUPS BASIC HEALTH BEHAVIOR CHANGE BLOOD DONORS BLOOD PRODUCTS BLOOD SUPPLY BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS BOTH SEXES CIRCUMCISION CIVIL CONFLICT CIVIL RIGHTS CLINICS COHORT STUDIES COMMERCIAL SEX COMMERCIAL SEX WORK COMMERCIAL SEX WORKERS COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION CONDOM CONDOM AVAILABILITY CONDOM USE CONDOMS COST EFFECTIVENESS CRIME DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DISASTERS DISEASE DISEASE OUTBREAKS DOCTOR DOCTORS DRUG ABUSE DRUG DEPENDENCE DRUG OF CHOICE DRUG TRAFFICKING DRUG TREATMENT DRUG USE DRUGS EFFECTIVE PREVENTION EMERGENCIES EPIDEMIC EPIDEMICS EPIDEMIOLOGIC TRENDS EPIDEMIOLOGY FAMILIES FEMALE FEMALE SEX WORKERS FEMALES FERTILITY FERTILITY RATE FEWER PEOPLE GENDER GENDER GAP GENDER GAP IN LITERACY GENDER IDENTITY GENDER INEQUITIES GENDER ROLES GLOBAL HIV/AIDS HARM REDUCTION HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS HEALTH INDICATORS HEALTH PROFESSIONALS HEALTH SECTOR HEALTH SERVICES HEALTH SYSTEM HEPATITIS HEPATITIS B HEPATITIS B SURFACE ANTIGEN HEPATITIS C HEROIN USE HIGH RISK GROUPS HIV HIV INFECTION HIV INFECTION RATES HIV INFECTIONS HIV POSITIVE HIV PREVENTION HIV PREVENTION INTERVENTIONS HIV TESTING HIV TRANSMISSION HIV/AIDS HOSPITAL HOSPITALIZATION HOSPITALS HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUMAN RIGHTS HUMANITARIAN CRISES INFECTION RATES INFECTIOUS DISEASE INJECTING DRUG USE INJECTION DRUG INJECTION DRUG USE INTERCOURSE INTERVENTION LARGE CITIES LAWS LEVELS OF CONDOM USE LEVELS OF EDUCATION LIFE EXPECTANCY LIVE BIRTHS LOW PREVALENCE MALE CIRCUMCISION MALE SEX MALE SEX WORKERS MATERNAL MORTALITY MATERNAL MORTALITY RATE MEDICAL SCIENCES METHADONE MIGRANT MIGRANT WORKERS MIGRANTS MIGRATION MINISTRY OF HEALTH MINORITY MORTALITY NATIONAL AIDS NATIONAL AIDS CONTROL NATIONAL POLICY NATIONAL SURVEILLANCE NATURAL DISASTERS NEEDLE SHARING NEW INFECTIONS NUMBER OF ADULTS NUMBER OF CHILDREN NUMBER OF WOMEN NURSES PATIENTS PHARMACEUTICALS PHARMACISTS POLICY RESPONSE POLITICAL INSTABILITY POPULATION REFERENCE BUREAU POPULATION SIZE POPULOUS COUNTRY PRACTITIONERS PREGNANT WOMEN PREVALENCE PREVALENCE RATE PREVALENCE RATES PREVENTION EDUCATION PREVENTION INTERVENTIONS PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PRIMARY HEALTH CARE SYSTEM PRISONS PROGRESS PUBLIC HEALTH PUBLIC HOSPITALS PUBLIC LIFE RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS RATE OF CONDOM USE RATES OF INFECTION REFUGEES REMITTANCES REPRODUCTIVE LIFE REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS RESOURCE ALLOCATIONS RESPECT RISK BEHAVIOR RISK BEHAVIORS RISK EXPOSURE RISK FACTORS RISK GROUPS RISK POPULATIONS RISK REDUCTION RURAL AREAS RURAL POPULATIONS SCREENING SERVICE DELIVERY SERVICE PROVIDERS SERVICE UTILIZATION SEX SEX BEHAVIOR SEX WITH MEN SEX WORK SEX WORKER SEX WORKERS SEXUAL ACTIVITY SEXUAL ENCOUNTERS SEXUAL NETWORKS SEXUAL PARTNERS SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTION SKILLED ATTENDANT SOCIAL SUPPORT SPECIALIST STD STIS STRATEGIC PRIORITIES STREET OUTREACH SURVEILLANCE DATA SURVEILLANCE PROJECT SYPHILIS SYRINGES TB THERAPY TREATMENT TREATMENT SERVICES TUBERCULOSIS UNAIDS UNFPA UNITED NATIONS POPULATION FUND URBAN AREAS URBAN CENTERS URBANIZATION VAGINAL INTERCOURSE VIOLENCE VIRAL LOAD VIRUS VOLUNTARY COUNSELING VULNERABILITY WOMAN Pakistan has made strides over the last decade in its Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) response, with active surveillance, considerable research, both governmental and non?governmental prevention and care activities, and treatment since 2005 to 2006. However, the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) prevalence among People Who Inject Drugs (PWID) has not declined, coverage of current prevention and treatment programs remains limited and the gains made to date are threatened by internal and external factors. This report attempts to review and synthesize available data on HIV in Pakistan and to use these data to suggest strategic priorities for the next phase of the HIV response in an effort to improve the allocative efficiency of resources and effective and efficient implementation of the response. This report presents an integrated model for HIV services delivery that depicts a continuum of care from prevention outreach to treatment with a focus on evidence based interventions and strong linkages. It describes three potential models for Volunteer Counseling and Testing (VCT) services for most at risk populations that increase outreach and engagement with PWID, hijra communities, and Male Sex Workers (MSWs), and their clients. It also places heavy emphasis on evidence based approaches to prevention including expanding treatment for High Risk Groups (HRGs) and improving the linkages for HIV positive and HIV negative PWID for drug treatment services, such as Methadone Maintenance Therapy (MMT), and outlines the steps for an evidenced based, effective and efficient policy response at a time of shrinking resources for HIV in overall low prevalence settings. This report is organized as follows: chapter one gives introduction; chapter two presents epidemiology methods; chapter three gives country context; chapter four presents status of HIV epidemic; chapter five gives summary of key findings; chapter six deals with systems response to HIV and AIDS in Pakistan; chapter seven gives key policy recommendations; and chapter eight gives conclusion. 2017-06-15T19:59:03Z 2017-06-15T19:59:03Z 2012-11 Report http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/989991468145474026/Revitalizing-the-HIV-response-in-Pakistan-a-systematic-review-and-policy-recommendations-synthesis-report http://hdl.handle.net/10986/27222 English en_US CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Working Paper Publications & Research South Asia Pakistan |