In the Mind, the Household, or the Market? : Concepts and Measurement of Women's Economic Empowerment
The concept of empowerment is now widely used in several disciplines to characterize the states and social processes of individuals and communities. In economic development, the concept has come to mean women's power and agency in all economic...
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World Bank, Washington, DC
2017
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/436011496234827185/In-the-mind-the-household-or-the-market-concepts-and-measurement-of-womens-economic-empowerment http://hdl.handle.net/10986/26951 |
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okr-10986-269512021-06-12T09:01:50Z In the Mind, the Household, or the Market? : Concepts and Measurement of Women's Economic Empowerment Fox, Louise Romero, Carolina EMPOWERMENT GENDER LABOR MARKET HUMAN RIGHTS MICROENTERPRISE REPRODUCTIVE FREEDOM CIVIC PARTICIPATION LEGAL RIGHTS MENTAL HEALTH CONFIDENCE The concept of empowerment is now widely used in several disciplines to characterize the states and social processes of individuals and communities. In economic development, the concept has come to mean women's power and agency in all economic domains and market-related interactions—earning, spending, and saving income; buying, owning, and selling assets; holding and inheriting wealth; starting and operating a business; acquiring a bank account or credit; and participating in or leading a union or other form of economic collective action. Measurement has lagged conceptualization. Most analytical research by economists, primarily involving impact evaluation, has measured empowerment as women's influence over household expenditures. This is a very narrow sliver of empowerment; not surprisingly, it is not well correlated with other economic or social outcomes. This paper suggests measuring empowerment in eight facets (a 4 x 2 matrix): (a) attitudes and (b) behaviors, in the domains of (i) transactions and markets; (ii) social interactions, including mobility and reproductive freedom; (iii) political and civic participation, including exercising legal rights; and (iv) psychology, including self-confidence and ability to seek mental health. 2017-06-05T21:15:10Z 2017-06-05T21:15:10Z 2017-05 Working Paper http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/436011496234827185/In-the-mind-the-household-or-the-market-concepts-and-measurement-of-womens-economic-empowerment http://hdl.handle.net/10986/26951 English en_US Policy Research Working Paper;No. 8079 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
EMPOWERMENT GENDER LABOR MARKET HUMAN RIGHTS MICROENTERPRISE REPRODUCTIVE FREEDOM CIVIC PARTICIPATION LEGAL RIGHTS MENTAL HEALTH CONFIDENCE |
| spellingShingle |
EMPOWERMENT GENDER LABOR MARKET HUMAN RIGHTS MICROENTERPRISE REPRODUCTIVE FREEDOM CIVIC PARTICIPATION LEGAL RIGHTS MENTAL HEALTH CONFIDENCE Fox, Louise Romero, Carolina In the Mind, the Household, or the Market? : Concepts and Measurement of Women's Economic Empowerment |
| relation |
Policy Research Working Paper;No. 8079 |
| description |
The concept of empowerment is now widely
used in several disciplines to characterize the states and
social processes of individuals and communities. In economic
development, the concept has come to mean women's power
and agency in all economic domains and market-related
interactions—earning, spending, and saving income; buying,
owning, and selling assets; holding and inheriting wealth;
starting and operating a business; acquiring a bank account
or credit; and participating in or leading a union or other
form of economic collective action. Measurement has lagged
conceptualization. Most analytical research by economists,
primarily involving impact evaluation, has measured
empowerment as women's influence over household
expenditures. This is a very narrow sliver of empowerment;
not surprisingly, it is not well correlated with other
economic or social outcomes. This paper suggests measuring
empowerment in eight facets (a 4 x 2 matrix): (a) attitudes
and (b) behaviors, in the domains of (i) transactions and
markets; (ii) social interactions, including mobility and
reproductive freedom; (iii) political and civic
participation, including exercising legal rights; and (iv)
psychology, including self-confidence and ability to seek
mental health. |
| format |
Working Paper |
| author |
Fox, Louise Romero, Carolina |
| author_facet |
Fox, Louise Romero, Carolina |
| author_sort |
Fox, Louise |
| title |
In the Mind, the Household, or the Market? : Concepts and Measurement of Women's Economic Empowerment |
| title_short |
In the Mind, the Household, or the Market? : Concepts and Measurement of Women's Economic Empowerment |
| title_full |
In the Mind, the Household, or the Market? : Concepts and Measurement of Women's Economic Empowerment |
| title_fullStr |
In the Mind, the Household, or the Market? : Concepts and Measurement of Women's Economic Empowerment |
| title_full_unstemmed |
In the Mind, the Household, or the Market? : Concepts and Measurement of Women's Economic Empowerment |
| title_sort |
in the mind, the household, or the market? : concepts and measurement of women's economic empowerment |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2017 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/436011496234827185/In-the-mind-the-household-or-the-market-concepts-and-measurement-of-womens-economic-empowerment http://hdl.handle.net/10986/26951 |
| _version_ |
1764462967372382208 |