Globalization, Wages, and the Quality of Jobs : Five Country Studies
The country studies in this volume analyze the link between globalization and working conditions in Cambodia, El Salvador, Honduras, Indonesia, and Madagascar. These countries vary significantly in population, economic circumstances, region, histor...
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| Format: | Publication |
| Language: | English |
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World Bank
2012
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| Online Access: | http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000334955_20090811025244 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/2654 |
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okr-10986-2654 |
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oai_dc |
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Digital Repository |
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Foreign Institution |
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Digital Repositories |
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World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
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World Bank |
| language |
English |
| topic |
AGRICULTURE ANTI-SWEATSHOP MOVEMENT APPAREL FACTORIES APPAREL INDUSTRY APPAREL SECTOR AVERAGE PRODUCTIVITY AVERAGE WAGE AVERAGE WAGES BARGAINING BARGAINING POWER CHILD LABOR COLLECTIVE BARGAINING COMPENSATING WAGE DIFFERENTIALS COMPENSATION COMPETITIVE LABOR MARKETS COMPETITIVE MARKETS COMPETITIVENESS COMPULSORY LABOR CONSUMERS CORE LABOR STANDARDS CORPORATE CODE CORPORATE CODES CORPORATE CODES OF CONDUCT CORPORATE POLICY DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DIMINISHING RETURNS DOMESTIC MARKET ECONOMIC CONDITIONS ECONOMIC DOWNTURNS ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC INTEGRATION ECONOMIC RESEARCH ECONOMIC SHOCKS ECONOMICS ECONOMICS LITERATURE EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EDUCATIONAL DISTRIBUTION EFFICIENCY WAGES EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT EFFECTS EMPLOYMENT SHARE EXPORT GROWTH EXPORT PROCESSING ZONE EXPORT PROCESSING ZONES EXPORT-PROCESSING ZONES EXPORTS EXTERNALITIES FACTOR MARKETS FACTORY MANAGERS FIRM LEVEL FIRM SIZE FOREIGN INVESTMENT FREE TRADE FREEDOM OF ASSOCIATION FUTURE RESEARCH GDP GDP PER CAPITA GENERALIZED SYSTEM OF PREFERENCES GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAINS GNP GNP PER CAPITA GOVERNMENT REGULATION GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT HIGH WAGES HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HUMAN RESOURCE HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ILO CONVENTIONS IMPERFECT COMPETITION IMPORT QUOTAS IMPROVED WORKING CONDITIONS INCOME INCOME LEVELS INDUSTRIAL WAGE INDUSTRY CHARACTERISTICS INDUSTRY WAGE INFORMAL SECTOR INJURIES INNOVATION INNOVATIONS INSURANCE INTERNATIONAL MARKET INTERNATIONAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL TRADE JOB CREATION JOB LOSS JOBS LABOR CONDITIONS LABOR DEMAND LABOR ECONOMICS LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR LAW LABOR MANAGEMENT LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET ADJUSTMENT LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES LABOR MARKET RIGIDITIES LABOR MARKETS LABOR MOBILITY LABOR MOVEMENT LABOR MOVEMENTS LABOR PRACTICES LABOR PRODUCTIVITY LABOR RELATIONS LABOR STANDARDS LABORERS LABOUR LEGAL STATUS MACROECONOMIC SHOCKS MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES MANPOWER MARKET WAGES MULTINATIONAL ENTERPRISES MULTINATIONAL FIRMS NATIONAL INCOME OCCUPATIONS OVERTIME PAYING JOBS PER CAPITA INCOME PERSONNEL POSITIVE EFFECTS POSITIVE EXTERNALITIES PRELIMINARY EVIDENCE PRIVATE SECTOR PRODUCTION PROCESS PRODUCTIVE FIRMS PRODUCTIVITY PROFIT MARGINS PROFIT MAXIMIZING PROPERTY RIGHTS QUOTA RENTS QUOTAS RATCHETING LABOR STANDARDS REAL WAGE REAL WAGES REGRESSION ANALYSES RENTS RIGHT TO COLLECTIVE BARGAINING RISK AVERSE SAFEGUARDS SAFETY SAFETY STANDARDS SEVERANCE PAY SKILLED WORKERS SOCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL POLICIES SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY SUPPLIERS SUPPLY CHAIN SUPPLY CHAINS TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE POLICIES TRADE POLICY TRADE UNIONS TRANSITION ECONOMIES UNEMPLOYED UNEMPLOYED WORKERS UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNFAIR COMPETITION UNION MEMBERSHIP UNSKILLED LABOR VALUE ADDED WAGE DATA WAGE DETERMINATION WAGE DIFFERENTIAL WAGE DIFFERENTIALS WAGE EFFECTS WAGE INEQUALITY WAGE PREMIUM WAGE PREMIUMS WAGE RATE WAGE RATES WAGE STRUCTURE WAGES WEALTH WOMEN WORKERS WORKER WORKER HETEROGENEITY WORKER PRODUCTIVITY WORKING WORKING CONDITIONS WORKPLACE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO YOUNG WORKERS |
| spellingShingle |
AGRICULTURE ANTI-SWEATSHOP MOVEMENT APPAREL FACTORIES APPAREL INDUSTRY APPAREL SECTOR AVERAGE PRODUCTIVITY AVERAGE WAGE AVERAGE WAGES BARGAINING BARGAINING POWER CHILD LABOR COLLECTIVE BARGAINING COMPENSATING WAGE DIFFERENTIALS COMPENSATION COMPETITIVE LABOR MARKETS COMPETITIVE MARKETS COMPETITIVENESS COMPULSORY LABOR CONSUMERS CORE LABOR STANDARDS CORPORATE CODE CORPORATE CODES CORPORATE CODES OF CONDUCT CORPORATE POLICY DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DIMINISHING RETURNS DOMESTIC MARKET ECONOMIC CONDITIONS ECONOMIC DOWNTURNS ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC INTEGRATION ECONOMIC RESEARCH ECONOMIC SHOCKS ECONOMICS ECONOMICS LITERATURE EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EDUCATIONAL DISTRIBUTION EFFICIENCY WAGES EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT EFFECTS EMPLOYMENT SHARE EXPORT GROWTH EXPORT PROCESSING ZONE EXPORT PROCESSING ZONES EXPORT-PROCESSING ZONES EXPORTS EXTERNALITIES FACTOR MARKETS FACTORY MANAGERS FIRM LEVEL FIRM SIZE FOREIGN INVESTMENT FREE TRADE FREEDOM OF ASSOCIATION FUTURE RESEARCH GDP GDP PER CAPITA GENERALIZED SYSTEM OF PREFERENCES GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAINS GNP GNP PER CAPITA GOVERNMENT REGULATION GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT HIGH WAGES HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HUMAN RESOURCE HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ILO CONVENTIONS IMPERFECT COMPETITION IMPORT QUOTAS IMPROVED WORKING CONDITIONS INCOME INCOME LEVELS INDUSTRIAL WAGE INDUSTRY CHARACTERISTICS INDUSTRY WAGE INFORMAL SECTOR INJURIES INNOVATION INNOVATIONS INSURANCE INTERNATIONAL MARKET INTERNATIONAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL TRADE JOB CREATION JOB LOSS JOBS LABOR CONDITIONS LABOR DEMAND LABOR ECONOMICS LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR LAW LABOR MANAGEMENT LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET ADJUSTMENT LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES LABOR MARKET RIGIDITIES LABOR MARKETS LABOR MOBILITY LABOR MOVEMENT LABOR MOVEMENTS LABOR PRACTICES LABOR PRODUCTIVITY LABOR RELATIONS LABOR STANDARDS LABORERS LABOUR LEGAL STATUS MACROECONOMIC SHOCKS MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES MANPOWER MARKET WAGES MULTINATIONAL ENTERPRISES MULTINATIONAL FIRMS NATIONAL INCOME OCCUPATIONS OVERTIME PAYING JOBS PER CAPITA INCOME PERSONNEL POSITIVE EFFECTS POSITIVE EXTERNALITIES PRELIMINARY EVIDENCE PRIVATE SECTOR PRODUCTION PROCESS PRODUCTIVE FIRMS PRODUCTIVITY PROFIT MARGINS PROFIT MAXIMIZING PROPERTY RIGHTS QUOTA RENTS QUOTAS RATCHETING LABOR STANDARDS REAL WAGE REAL WAGES REGRESSION ANALYSES RENTS RIGHT TO COLLECTIVE BARGAINING RISK AVERSE SAFEGUARDS SAFETY SAFETY STANDARDS SEVERANCE PAY SKILLED WORKERS SOCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL POLICIES SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY SUPPLIERS SUPPLY CHAIN SUPPLY CHAINS TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE POLICIES TRADE POLICY TRADE UNIONS TRANSITION ECONOMIES UNEMPLOYED UNEMPLOYED WORKERS UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNFAIR COMPETITION UNION MEMBERSHIP UNSKILLED LABOR VALUE ADDED WAGE DATA WAGE DETERMINATION WAGE DIFFERENTIAL WAGE DIFFERENTIALS WAGE EFFECTS WAGE INEQUALITY WAGE PREMIUM WAGE PREMIUMS WAGE RATE WAGE RATES WAGE STRUCTURE WAGES WEALTH WOMEN WORKERS WORKER WORKER HETEROGENEITY WORKER PRODUCTIVITY WORKING WORKING CONDITIONS WORKPLACE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO YOUNG WORKERS Robertson, Raymond Brown, Drusilla Pierre, Gaëlle Sanchez-Puerta, María Laura Globalization, Wages, and the Quality of Jobs : Five Country Studies |
| geographic_facet |
Sub-Saharan Africa East Africa Central America Latin America Southeast Asia Asia Indonesia Madagascar El Salvador Honduras Cambodia |
| description |
The country studies in this volume
analyze the link between globalization and working
conditions in Cambodia, El Salvador, Honduras, Indonesia,
and Madagascar. These countries vary significantly in
population, economic circumstances, region, history, and
institutions. All have experienced liberalization and
globalization in the last 20 years. The heterogeneity of
these countries provides the basis for a useful comparison
of the effects of globalization on working conditions. As
suggested in the framework, each country study has three
main components: a description of the country's
experience with globalization, a qualitative part that
analyzes country-specific aspects of working conditions, and
an analysis of changes in interindustry wage differentials
(IIWDs) that can be compared across countries. In general,
globalization has been characterized by export-driven
foreign direct investment (FDI) concentrated in relatively
few sectors. Export-driven FDI in the apparel sector plays a
prominent role in each country, although to varying degrees.
In Cambodia, apparel made up 82 percent of all merchandise
exports in 2003. Nearly two-thirds of that total was
destined for the U.S. market. Virtually all factories in the
Cambodian garment sector are foreign owned. Honduras rose
from being the 34th largest supplier of apparel to the
United states (U.S.) market in 1990 to fourth place in 2003.
In 2003, two-thirds of all Honduran exports to the U.S. were
garments and more than 82 percent of all Honduran workers
worked in foreign-owned factories. A similar pattern emerges
for El Salvador. For Madagascar, apparel exports from the
Zone Franche were the primary force behind the
country's remarkable export growth and its transition
from exporting primary products to exporting manufactured
products between 1990 and 2005. By 2001, Madagascar had
become the second most important clothing exporter in
Sub-Saharan Africa as measured by total export value. |
| format |
Publications & Research :: Publication |
| author |
Robertson, Raymond Brown, Drusilla Pierre, Gaëlle Sanchez-Puerta, María Laura |
| author_facet |
Robertson, Raymond Brown, Drusilla Pierre, Gaëlle Sanchez-Puerta, María Laura |
| author_sort |
Robertson, Raymond |
| title |
Globalization, Wages, and the
Quality of Jobs : Five Country Studies |
| title_short |
Globalization, Wages, and the
Quality of Jobs : Five Country Studies |
| title_full |
Globalization, Wages, and the
Quality of Jobs : Five Country Studies |
| title_fullStr |
Globalization, Wages, and the
Quality of Jobs : Five Country Studies |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Globalization, Wages, and the
Quality of Jobs : Five Country Studies |
| title_sort |
globalization, wages, and the
quality of jobs : five country studies |
| publisher |
World Bank |
| publishDate |
2012 |
| url |
http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000334955_20090811025244 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/2654 |
| _version_ |
1764385773797244928 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-26542021-04-23T14:02:03Z Globalization, Wages, and the Quality of Jobs : Five Country Studies Robertson, Raymond Brown, Drusilla Pierre, Gaëlle Sanchez-Puerta, María Laura AGRICULTURE ANTI-SWEATSHOP MOVEMENT APPAREL FACTORIES APPAREL INDUSTRY APPAREL SECTOR AVERAGE PRODUCTIVITY AVERAGE WAGE AVERAGE WAGES BARGAINING BARGAINING POWER CHILD LABOR COLLECTIVE BARGAINING COMPENSATING WAGE DIFFERENTIALS COMPENSATION COMPETITIVE LABOR MARKETS COMPETITIVE MARKETS COMPETITIVENESS COMPULSORY LABOR CONSUMERS CORE LABOR STANDARDS CORPORATE CODE CORPORATE CODES CORPORATE CODES OF CONDUCT CORPORATE POLICY DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DIMINISHING RETURNS DOMESTIC MARKET ECONOMIC CONDITIONS ECONOMIC DOWNTURNS ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC INTEGRATION ECONOMIC RESEARCH ECONOMIC SHOCKS ECONOMICS ECONOMICS LITERATURE EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EDUCATIONAL DISTRIBUTION EFFICIENCY WAGES EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT EFFECTS EMPLOYMENT SHARE EXPORT GROWTH EXPORT PROCESSING ZONE EXPORT PROCESSING ZONES EXPORT-PROCESSING ZONES EXPORTS EXTERNALITIES FACTOR MARKETS FACTORY MANAGERS FIRM LEVEL FIRM SIZE FOREIGN INVESTMENT FREE TRADE FREEDOM OF ASSOCIATION FUTURE RESEARCH GDP GDP PER CAPITA GENERALIZED SYSTEM OF PREFERENCES GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAINS GNP GNP PER CAPITA GOVERNMENT REGULATION GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT HIGH WAGES HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HUMAN RESOURCE HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ILO CONVENTIONS IMPERFECT COMPETITION IMPORT QUOTAS IMPROVED WORKING CONDITIONS INCOME INCOME LEVELS INDUSTRIAL WAGE INDUSTRY CHARACTERISTICS INDUSTRY WAGE INFORMAL SECTOR INJURIES INNOVATION INNOVATIONS INSURANCE INTERNATIONAL MARKET INTERNATIONAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL TRADE JOB CREATION JOB LOSS JOBS LABOR CONDITIONS LABOR DEMAND LABOR ECONOMICS LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR LAW LABOR MANAGEMENT LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET ADJUSTMENT LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES LABOR MARKET RIGIDITIES LABOR MARKETS LABOR MOBILITY LABOR MOVEMENT LABOR MOVEMENTS LABOR PRACTICES LABOR PRODUCTIVITY LABOR RELATIONS LABOR STANDARDS LABORERS LABOUR LEGAL STATUS MACROECONOMIC SHOCKS MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES MANPOWER MARKET WAGES MULTINATIONAL ENTERPRISES MULTINATIONAL FIRMS NATIONAL INCOME OCCUPATIONS OVERTIME PAYING JOBS PER CAPITA INCOME PERSONNEL POSITIVE EFFECTS POSITIVE EXTERNALITIES PRELIMINARY EVIDENCE PRIVATE SECTOR PRODUCTION PROCESS PRODUCTIVE FIRMS PRODUCTIVITY PROFIT MARGINS PROFIT MAXIMIZING PROPERTY RIGHTS QUOTA RENTS QUOTAS RATCHETING LABOR STANDARDS REAL WAGE REAL WAGES REGRESSION ANALYSES RENTS RIGHT TO COLLECTIVE BARGAINING RISK AVERSE SAFEGUARDS SAFETY SAFETY STANDARDS SEVERANCE PAY SKILLED WORKERS SOCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL POLICIES SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY SUPPLIERS SUPPLY CHAIN SUPPLY CHAINS TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE POLICIES TRADE POLICY TRADE UNIONS TRANSITION ECONOMIES UNEMPLOYED UNEMPLOYED WORKERS UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNFAIR COMPETITION UNION MEMBERSHIP UNSKILLED LABOR VALUE ADDED WAGE DATA WAGE DETERMINATION WAGE DIFFERENTIAL WAGE DIFFERENTIALS WAGE EFFECTS WAGE INEQUALITY WAGE PREMIUM WAGE PREMIUMS WAGE RATE WAGE RATES WAGE STRUCTURE WAGES WEALTH WOMEN WORKERS WORKER WORKER HETEROGENEITY WORKER PRODUCTIVITY WORKING WORKING CONDITIONS WORKPLACE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO YOUNG WORKERS The country studies in this volume analyze the link between globalization and working conditions in Cambodia, El Salvador, Honduras, Indonesia, and Madagascar. These countries vary significantly in population, economic circumstances, region, history, and institutions. All have experienced liberalization and globalization in the last 20 years. The heterogeneity of these countries provides the basis for a useful comparison of the effects of globalization on working conditions. As suggested in the framework, each country study has three main components: a description of the country's experience with globalization, a qualitative part that analyzes country-specific aspects of working conditions, and an analysis of changes in interindustry wage differentials (IIWDs) that can be compared across countries. In general, globalization has been characterized by export-driven foreign direct investment (FDI) concentrated in relatively few sectors. Export-driven FDI in the apparel sector plays a prominent role in each country, although to varying degrees. In Cambodia, apparel made up 82 percent of all merchandise exports in 2003. Nearly two-thirds of that total was destined for the U.S. market. Virtually all factories in the Cambodian garment sector are foreign owned. Honduras rose from being the 34th largest supplier of apparel to the United states (U.S.) market in 1990 to fourth place in 2003. In 2003, two-thirds of all Honduran exports to the U.S. were garments and more than 82 percent of all Honduran workers worked in foreign-owned factories. A similar pattern emerges for El Salvador. For Madagascar, apparel exports from the Zone Franche were the primary force behind the country's remarkable export growth and its transition from exporting primary products to exporting manufactured products between 1990 and 2005. By 2001, Madagascar had become the second most important clothing exporter in Sub-Saharan Africa as measured by total export value. 2012-03-19T10:04:03Z 2012-03-19T10:04:03Z 2009 http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000334955_20090811025244 978-0-8213-7934-9 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/2654 English CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank World Bank Publications & Research :: Publication Publications & Research :: Publication Sub-Saharan Africa East Africa Central America Latin America Southeast Asia Asia Indonesia Madagascar El Salvador Honduras Cambodia |