Logistics in Lagging Regions : Overcoming Local Barriers to Global Connectivity

This report is based on two case studies carried out in Brazil and India on the impact of various strategies to reduce the cost of trade for small-scale producers. Small scale producers especially those located in lagging regions in developing coun...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Kunaka, Charles
Format:	Publication
Language:	English
Published:	World Bank 2012
Subjects:	ACCESS TO FOREIGN MARKET ACCESS TO INFORMATION ACCESS TO MARKETS ACCESS TO SERVICES ACCESSIBILITY AGRICULTURAL PRODUCERS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AIR BARRIER EFFECT BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE BRIDGE BUSINESS NEEDS BUSINESS PROCESS BUSINESS SERVICE BUSINESSES BUYER BUYERS CAPACITY BUILDING CATERING COFFEE PRICES COMMODITIES COMMODITY COMMON CARRIERS COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE COMPETITIVENESS CONNECTIVITY CONSUMER DEMANDS CONTESTABLE MARKETS COORDINATION MECHANISM COORDINATION MECHANISMS COPYRIGHT COST INCREASES COST OF TRANSPORT COST OF TRANSPORTATION COSTS OF TRANSPORT CROSSING CUSTOMS DOMESTIC MARKETS DOMESTIC TRANSPORT E-MAIL ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC REGIONS ECONOMIES OF SCALE EFFICIENT TRANSPORT ELECTRONIC MARKETS EXPORT MARKETS EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES EXPRESS SERVICES FARM-GATE FARMER FARMERS FINANCIAL FLOWS FINANCIAL SERVICES FOOD SECURITY FOREIGN INVESTMENT FREIGHT FREIGHT FLOWS FREIGHT TRANSPORT GEOGRAPHICAL AREA GEOGRAPHICAL AREAS GLOBAL MARKETS GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAIN GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAINS GLOBALIZATION HORIZONTAL INTEGRATION ICT INCOME REGIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT INFORMATION COMMUNICATION INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY INFORMATION FLOWS INFORMATION SERVICES INFORMATION SYSTEM INFORMATION SYSTEMS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INFRASTRUCTURE COSTS INNOVATIONS INSPECTION INTEGRATION OF TECHNOLOGIES INTERNATIONAL BORDER CROSSING INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS INTERNATIONAL GATEWAYS INTERNATIONAL LOGISTICS INTERNATIONAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL TRADE INVENTIONS INVENTORIES IT INFRASTRUCTURE LAGGING REGIONS LENGTH OF ROAD LICENSES LOAD FACTORS LOGISTICS SERVICE PROVIDERS LOGISTICS SYSTEM LOGISTICS SYSTEMS MANUFACTURING MARKET ACCESS MARKET CONDITIONS MARKET ENTRY MARKET FAILURE MARKET INFORMATION MARKET INTEGRATION MARKET POWER MARKET PRICES MARKET RISKS MARKETING MATERIAL MEANS OF TRANSPORT MEDIUM ENTERPRISE MEDIUM ENTERPRISES MIDDLEMEN MILK MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS MOBILE PHONE MOBILE TELEPHONY MOBILITY MODE OF TRANSPORT MONOPOLY MOVEMENT OF GOODS MULTIMODAL TRANSPORT NETWORKS NEW TECHNOLOGIES OUTSOURCING PAYMENT SYSTEMS PHYSICAL DISTANCE POLICY FRAMEWORK POOR ECONOMIES POOR FARMERS POOR PEOPLE POSTAL SERVICES POVERTY ERADICATION PRICE COMPETITION PRICE INCREASES PRICE MECHANISM PRICING STRATEGIES PRICING STRATEGY PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENT PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENTS PRIVATE SECTORS PROCESS INFORMATION PROCUREMENT PRODUCT MARKETS PRODUCTIVITY PURCHASING QUALITY OF SERVICE QUALITY OF SERVICES QUERIES RAIL RAILWAYS RELATIONAL DATABASES RESULT RESULTS RETAIL ROAD IMPROVEMENTS ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE ROAD NETWORK ROADS ROUTES RURAL ACCESS SALE SALES SALES OUTLETS SEARCH SERVER SERVICE PROVIDER SMALLHOLDER AGRICULTURE SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT SPATIAL DISPERSION SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION SPATIAL ORGANIZATION SPOT MARKET SPREAD STORAGE FACILITIES STORAGE FACILITY SUPERMARKETS SUPERVISION SUPPLIER SUPPLIERS SUPPLY CHAIN SUPPLY CHAIN APPROACH SUPPLY CHAIN INTEGRATION SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT SUPPLY CHAIN STRUCTURE SUPPLY CHAINS SURPLUS SURPLUSES TAX TELECOMMUNICATIONS TELEPHONE TRACEABILITY TRAFFIC TRAFFIC VOLUMES TRANSACTION TRANSACTION SERVICES TRANSIT TRANSMISSION TRANSMISSION OF INFORMATION TRANSPORT CAPACITY TRANSPORT CORRIDORS TRANSPORT COSTS TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE TRANSPORT PRICE TRANSPORT SERVICE TRANSPORT SERVICES TRANSPORT SYSTEMS TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION COSTS TRANSPORTATION SERVICES TRIP TRUCKS TRUE USERS VALUE CHAIN VALUE CHAINS VEHICLE VEHICLE OPERATING VEHICLE OPERATING COSTS VEHICLE SIZE VEHICLES VERTICAL INTEGRATION WAREHOUSE
Online Access:	http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000356161_20110107014801 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/2543

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Summary:	This report is based on two case studies carried out in Brazil and India on the impact of various strategies to reduce the cost of trade for small-scale producers. Small scale producers especially those located in lagging regions in developing countries lack easy access to efficient logistics services. They are faced with long distances from both domestic and international markets. Unless the enterprises are able to consolidate traffic volumes they can be excluded from international supply chains. However, the process of consolidation is not without cost nor does it occur on its own accord. It is typically handled by outside parties in the form of intermediaries. The study was designed around the horizontal relationships between the small scale producers and their vertical connections to higher tier parties involved in the same supply chain. It analyzes the cooperative approach to linking producers, the role of itinerant traders, and a newer and innovative approach to the same problem through virtual integration of farmers using modern information communication technologies. These approaches were explored by studying two separate supply chains, sisal in Brazil and soybean in India, enabling the assessment of logistics patterns from the farm gate to onboard vessel at the export gateway. The assessment of logistics performance at the sub-national level is still evolving. The more widely used density-type indicators emphasize the infrastructure dimension of logistics but do not handle effectively the relationships and service quality attributes identified by the study. A model built around spatial and social networks is proposed to represent the horizontal and vertical attributes of logistics in lagging regions.

Logistics in Lagging Regions : Overcoming Local Barriers to Global Connectivity

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