The Cost of Being Landlocked : Logistics Costs and Supply Chain Reliability
In the last two decades new emphasis has been given to the economic impact of geography, especially on the cost of being landlocked. From a development perspective, understanding the cost of being landlocked and its economic impact is critical, sin...
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| Format: | Publication |
| Language: | English |
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World Bank
2012
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| Online Access: | http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000333037_20100723024147 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/2489 |
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okr-10986-2489 |
|---|---|
| recordtype |
oai_dc |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English |
| topic |
AIR AIR CARGO AIR CARGO RATES AIR TRANSPORT AIRCRAFT AIRPORTS ARTERY AUDITS AVERAGE FLEET AGE AVERAGE TRANSIT TIME BALANCE OF PAYMENTS BARGES BENCHMARK BONDS BORDER CROSSING BOTTLENECKS BOXES BUSINESS LAW BUSINESS LOGISTICS CARGO INSURANCE CARTEL CHOICE OF TRANSPORT CIF COMMODITIES COMPETITIVENESS CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK CONTAINERS COST & FREIGHT COST OF TRANSPORT COST OF TRANSPORTATION COST SAVINGS COSTS OF TRANSPORTATION CROSSING CUSTOMS CUSTOMS CLEARANCE CUSTOMS PROCEDURES DELIVERY SCHEDULES DEMURRAGE DEREGULATION DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT AGENCY DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE DRIVERS ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC IMPACT ECONOMIC INCENTIVES ECONOMIC VALUE EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE ENVIRONMENTS EXPENDITURES EXPORTS FISCAL POLICY FIXED COSTS FORWARDING FORWARDING FEES FREIGHT FREIGHT BUREAUS FREIGHT COSTS FREIGHT FORWARDERS FREIGHT PAYMENTS FREIGHT RATES FREIGHT TRANSPORT FUEL FUEL PRICES GATT GDP GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT GROWTH THEORIES HANDLING HIGH FUEL CONSUMPTION IMPACT OF TRANSPORT INDUSTRIAL ECONOMIES INEFFICIENCY INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS INSPECTION INTERMODAL TRANSPORT INTERNATIONAL TRADE INTERNATIONAL TRANSIT INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT INVENTORIES INVENTORY INVENTORY CONTROL LABOR COSTS LANDLOCKED COUNTRIES LOCAL TRANSPORT LOGISTICS CHAIN LOGISTICS COSTS LONG-DISTANCE MARITIME TRANSPORT MARKET COMPETITION MARKET POWER MILEAGE MODAL CHOICE MODAL CHOICES MODE OF TRANSPORT MODE OF TRANSPORTATION MODERN TRANSPORT MONOPOLY MULTIMODAL TRANSPORT OPPORTUNITY COSTS OVERHEAD COSTS POLICY MAKERS POLITICAL ECONOMY PORT OF ENTRY PRICE TAKERS PRODUCERS PRODUCTION COSTS PRODUCTION FUNCTION QUALITY STANDARDS RAIL RAIL OPERATORS RAIL SERVICE RAIL TRANSIT RAIL TRANSPORT RAILROAD RAILWAY RAILWAY NETWORK RAILWAYS REDUCTION IN FUEL PRICE REGIONAL TRANSIT REGIONAL TRANSPORT RENT SEEKING RISK AVERSION RISK MANAGEMENT ROAD ROAD CONDITIONS ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE ROAD QUALITY ROAD SERVICES ROAD TOLLS ROAD TRANSPORT ROAD TRANSPORT MARKET ROAD USER ROAD USER CHARGES ROADS ROUTE ROUTES SERVICE RELIABILITY SHIPMENTS SHIPPERS SHIPPING SHIPS SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT SUPPLY CHAINS SURFACE FREIGHT TAX TIRES TRADE FACILITATION TRAFFIC TRAINS TRANSACTION COSTS TRANSIT TRANSIT COUNTRIES TRANSIT OPERATIONS TRANSIT PERFORMANCE TRANSIT POLICY TRANSIT SYSTEM TRANSIT SYSTEMS TRANSIT TIMES TRANSIT TRADE TRANSIT VEHICLES TRANSPORT TRANSPORT ACTIVITY TRANSPORT CHARGES TRANSPORT CORRIDORS TRANSPORT COSTS TRANSPORT FACILITATION TRANSPORT INDUSTRY TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE TRANSPORT MARKET TRANSPORT MODE TRANSPORT MODES TRANSPORT OPERATIONS TRANSPORT OPERATORS TRANSPORT POLICY TRANSPORT PRICE TRANSPORT SECTOR TRANSPORT SERVICE TRANSPORT SERVICES TRANSPORT SUPPLY TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION CORRIDORS TRANSPORTATION COST TRANSPORTATION COSTS TRANSPORTATION SERVICES TRIP TRIPS TRUCK TRANSPORT TRUCK USE TRUCKS TRUE VARIABLE COSTS VEHICLE VEHICLE FLEET VEHICLE MOVEMENT VEHICLE OPERATING VEHICLE OPERATING COST VEHICLE OPERATING COSTS VEHICLE TAXES VEHICLE USAGE VEHICLES VESSELS WAGES WAITING TIME WAREHOUSES WAREHOUSING WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO |
| spellingShingle |
AIR AIR CARGO AIR CARGO RATES AIR TRANSPORT AIRCRAFT AIRPORTS ARTERY AUDITS AVERAGE FLEET AGE AVERAGE TRANSIT TIME BALANCE OF PAYMENTS BARGES BENCHMARK BONDS BORDER CROSSING BOTTLENECKS BOXES BUSINESS LAW BUSINESS LOGISTICS CARGO INSURANCE CARTEL CHOICE OF TRANSPORT CIF COMMODITIES COMPETITIVENESS CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK CONTAINERS COST & FREIGHT COST OF TRANSPORT COST OF TRANSPORTATION COST SAVINGS COSTS OF TRANSPORTATION CROSSING CUSTOMS CUSTOMS CLEARANCE CUSTOMS PROCEDURES DELIVERY SCHEDULES DEMURRAGE DEREGULATION DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT AGENCY DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE DRIVERS ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC IMPACT ECONOMIC INCENTIVES ECONOMIC VALUE EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE ENVIRONMENTS EXPENDITURES EXPORTS FISCAL POLICY FIXED COSTS FORWARDING FORWARDING FEES FREIGHT FREIGHT BUREAUS FREIGHT COSTS FREIGHT FORWARDERS FREIGHT PAYMENTS FREIGHT RATES FREIGHT TRANSPORT FUEL FUEL PRICES GATT GDP GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT GROWTH THEORIES HANDLING HIGH FUEL CONSUMPTION IMPACT OF TRANSPORT INDUSTRIAL ECONOMIES INEFFICIENCY INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS INSPECTION INTERMODAL TRANSPORT INTERNATIONAL TRADE INTERNATIONAL TRANSIT INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT INVENTORIES INVENTORY INVENTORY CONTROL LABOR COSTS LANDLOCKED COUNTRIES LOCAL TRANSPORT LOGISTICS CHAIN LOGISTICS COSTS LONG-DISTANCE MARITIME TRANSPORT MARKET COMPETITION MARKET POWER MILEAGE MODAL CHOICE MODAL CHOICES MODE OF TRANSPORT MODE OF TRANSPORTATION MODERN TRANSPORT MONOPOLY MULTIMODAL TRANSPORT OPPORTUNITY COSTS OVERHEAD COSTS POLICY MAKERS POLITICAL ECONOMY PORT OF ENTRY PRICE TAKERS PRODUCERS PRODUCTION COSTS PRODUCTION FUNCTION QUALITY STANDARDS RAIL RAIL OPERATORS RAIL SERVICE RAIL TRANSIT RAIL TRANSPORT RAILROAD RAILWAY RAILWAY NETWORK RAILWAYS REDUCTION IN FUEL PRICE REGIONAL TRANSIT REGIONAL TRANSPORT RENT SEEKING RISK AVERSION RISK MANAGEMENT ROAD ROAD CONDITIONS ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE ROAD QUALITY ROAD SERVICES ROAD TOLLS ROAD TRANSPORT ROAD TRANSPORT MARKET ROAD USER ROAD USER CHARGES ROADS ROUTE ROUTES SERVICE RELIABILITY SHIPMENTS SHIPPERS SHIPPING SHIPS SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT SUPPLY CHAINS SURFACE FREIGHT TAX TIRES TRADE FACILITATION TRAFFIC TRAINS TRANSACTION COSTS TRANSIT TRANSIT COUNTRIES TRANSIT OPERATIONS TRANSIT PERFORMANCE TRANSIT POLICY TRANSIT SYSTEM TRANSIT SYSTEMS TRANSIT TIMES TRANSIT TRADE TRANSIT VEHICLES TRANSPORT TRANSPORT ACTIVITY TRANSPORT CHARGES TRANSPORT CORRIDORS TRANSPORT COSTS TRANSPORT FACILITATION TRANSPORT INDUSTRY TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE TRANSPORT MARKET TRANSPORT MODE TRANSPORT MODES TRANSPORT OPERATIONS TRANSPORT OPERATORS TRANSPORT POLICY TRANSPORT PRICE TRANSPORT SECTOR TRANSPORT SERVICE TRANSPORT SERVICES TRANSPORT SUPPLY TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION CORRIDORS TRANSPORTATION COST TRANSPORTATION COSTS TRANSPORTATION SERVICES TRIP TRIPS TRUCK TRANSPORT TRUCK USE TRUCKS TRUE VARIABLE COSTS VEHICLE VEHICLE FLEET VEHICLE MOVEMENT VEHICLE OPERATING VEHICLE OPERATING COST VEHICLE OPERATING COSTS VEHICLE TAXES VEHICLE USAGE VEHICLES VESSELS WAGES WAITING TIME WAREHOUSES WAREHOUSING WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO Arvis, Jean-François Raballand, Gaël Marteau, Jean-François The Cost of Being Landlocked : Logistics Costs and Supply Chain Reliability |
| description |
In the last two decades new emphasis has
been given to the economic impact of geography, especially
on the cost of being landlocked. From a development
perspective, understanding the cost of being landlocked and
its economic impact is critical, since one country of four
in the world is landlocked (almost one out of three in
Sub-Saharan Africa). Attempts to address the cost of being
landlocked have mainly focused on regional and multilateral
conventions aiming at ensuring freedom of transit, and on
the development of regional transport infrastructure. The
success of these measures has been limited, and many massive
investments in infrastructure seem to have had a
disappointing impact on landlocked economies. Although there
may still be an infrastructure gap, this book, based on
extensive data collection in several regions of the world,
argues that logistics and trade services efficiency can be
more important for landlocked countries than investing
massively in infrastructure. Logistics have become
increasingly complex and critical for firms'
competitiveness, and a weakness in this field can badly hurt
firms based in landlocked countries. This book proposes a
revised approach to tackling the cost of being landlocked
and a new analytical framework which uses a microeconomic
approach to assess the trade and macroeconomic impacts of
logistics. It takes into account recent findings on the
importance of logistics chain uncertainty and inventory
control in firms' performance. It argues that: (i)
exporters and importers in landlocked developing countries
face high logistics costs, which are highly detrimental to
their competitiveness in world markets, (ii) high logistics
costs depend on low logistics reliability and
predictability, and (iii) low logistics reliability and
predictability result mostly from rent-seeking and
governance issues (prone to proliferate in low volume environments). |
| format |
Publications & Research :: Publication |
| author |
Arvis, Jean-François Raballand, Gaël Marteau, Jean-François |
| author_facet |
Arvis, Jean-François Raballand, Gaël Marteau, Jean-François |
| author_sort |
Arvis, Jean-François |
| title |
The Cost of Being Landlocked :
Logistics Costs and Supply Chain Reliability |
| title_short |
The Cost of Being Landlocked :
Logistics Costs and Supply Chain Reliability |
| title_full |
The Cost of Being Landlocked :
Logistics Costs and Supply Chain Reliability |
| title_fullStr |
The Cost of Being Landlocked :
Logistics Costs and Supply Chain Reliability |
| title_full_unstemmed |
The Cost of Being Landlocked :
Logistics Costs and Supply Chain Reliability |
| title_sort |
cost of being landlocked :
logistics costs and supply chain reliability |
| publisher |
World Bank |
| publishDate |
2012 |
| url |
http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000333037_20100723024147 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/2489 |
| _version_ |
1764385541121376256 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-24892021-04-23T14:02:02Z The Cost of Being Landlocked : Logistics Costs and Supply Chain Reliability Arvis, Jean-François Raballand, Gaël Marteau, Jean-François AIR AIR CARGO AIR CARGO RATES AIR TRANSPORT AIRCRAFT AIRPORTS ARTERY AUDITS AVERAGE FLEET AGE AVERAGE TRANSIT TIME BALANCE OF PAYMENTS BARGES BENCHMARK BONDS BORDER CROSSING BOTTLENECKS BOXES BUSINESS LAW BUSINESS LOGISTICS CARGO INSURANCE CARTEL CHOICE OF TRANSPORT CIF COMMODITIES COMPETITIVENESS CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK CONTAINERS COST & FREIGHT COST OF TRANSPORT COST OF TRANSPORTATION COST SAVINGS COSTS OF TRANSPORTATION CROSSING CUSTOMS CUSTOMS CLEARANCE CUSTOMS PROCEDURES DELIVERY SCHEDULES DEMURRAGE DEREGULATION DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT AGENCY DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE DRIVERS ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC IMPACT ECONOMIC INCENTIVES ECONOMIC VALUE EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE ENVIRONMENTS EXPENDITURES EXPORTS FISCAL POLICY FIXED COSTS FORWARDING FORWARDING FEES FREIGHT FREIGHT BUREAUS FREIGHT COSTS FREIGHT FORWARDERS FREIGHT PAYMENTS FREIGHT RATES FREIGHT TRANSPORT FUEL FUEL PRICES GATT GDP GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT GROWTH THEORIES HANDLING HIGH FUEL CONSUMPTION IMPACT OF TRANSPORT INDUSTRIAL ECONOMIES INEFFICIENCY INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS INSPECTION INTERMODAL TRANSPORT INTERNATIONAL TRADE INTERNATIONAL TRANSIT INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT INVENTORIES INVENTORY INVENTORY CONTROL LABOR COSTS LANDLOCKED COUNTRIES LOCAL TRANSPORT LOGISTICS CHAIN LOGISTICS COSTS LONG-DISTANCE MARITIME TRANSPORT MARKET COMPETITION MARKET POWER MILEAGE MODAL CHOICE MODAL CHOICES MODE OF TRANSPORT MODE OF TRANSPORTATION MODERN TRANSPORT MONOPOLY MULTIMODAL TRANSPORT OPPORTUNITY COSTS OVERHEAD COSTS POLICY MAKERS POLITICAL ECONOMY PORT OF ENTRY PRICE TAKERS PRODUCERS PRODUCTION COSTS PRODUCTION FUNCTION QUALITY STANDARDS RAIL RAIL OPERATORS RAIL SERVICE RAIL TRANSIT RAIL TRANSPORT RAILROAD RAILWAY RAILWAY NETWORK RAILWAYS REDUCTION IN FUEL PRICE REGIONAL TRANSIT REGIONAL TRANSPORT RENT SEEKING RISK AVERSION RISK MANAGEMENT ROAD ROAD CONDITIONS ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE ROAD QUALITY ROAD SERVICES ROAD TOLLS ROAD TRANSPORT ROAD TRANSPORT MARKET ROAD USER ROAD USER CHARGES ROADS ROUTE ROUTES SERVICE RELIABILITY SHIPMENTS SHIPPERS SHIPPING SHIPS SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT SUPPLY CHAINS SURFACE FREIGHT TAX TIRES TRADE FACILITATION TRAFFIC TRAINS TRANSACTION COSTS TRANSIT TRANSIT COUNTRIES TRANSIT OPERATIONS TRANSIT PERFORMANCE TRANSIT POLICY TRANSIT SYSTEM TRANSIT SYSTEMS TRANSIT TIMES TRANSIT TRADE TRANSIT VEHICLES TRANSPORT TRANSPORT ACTIVITY TRANSPORT CHARGES TRANSPORT CORRIDORS TRANSPORT COSTS TRANSPORT FACILITATION TRANSPORT INDUSTRY TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE TRANSPORT MARKET TRANSPORT MODE TRANSPORT MODES TRANSPORT OPERATIONS TRANSPORT OPERATORS TRANSPORT POLICY TRANSPORT PRICE TRANSPORT SECTOR TRANSPORT SERVICE TRANSPORT SERVICES TRANSPORT SUPPLY TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION CORRIDORS TRANSPORTATION COST TRANSPORTATION COSTS TRANSPORTATION SERVICES TRIP TRIPS TRUCK TRANSPORT TRUCK USE TRUCKS TRUE VARIABLE COSTS VEHICLE VEHICLE FLEET VEHICLE MOVEMENT VEHICLE OPERATING VEHICLE OPERATING COST VEHICLE OPERATING COSTS VEHICLE TAXES VEHICLE USAGE VEHICLES VESSELS WAGES WAITING TIME WAREHOUSES WAREHOUSING WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO In the last two decades new emphasis has been given to the economic impact of geography, especially on the cost of being landlocked. From a development perspective, understanding the cost of being landlocked and its economic impact is critical, since one country of four in the world is landlocked (almost one out of three in Sub-Saharan Africa). Attempts to address the cost of being landlocked have mainly focused on regional and multilateral conventions aiming at ensuring freedom of transit, and on the development of regional transport infrastructure. The success of these measures has been limited, and many massive investments in infrastructure seem to have had a disappointing impact on landlocked economies. Although there may still be an infrastructure gap, this book, based on extensive data collection in several regions of the world, argues that logistics and trade services efficiency can be more important for landlocked countries than investing massively in infrastructure. Logistics have become increasingly complex and critical for firms' competitiveness, and a weakness in this field can badly hurt firms based in landlocked countries. This book proposes a revised approach to tackling the cost of being landlocked and a new analytical framework which uses a microeconomic approach to assess the trade and macroeconomic impacts of logistics. It takes into account recent findings on the importance of logistics chain uncertainty and inventory control in firms' performance. It argues that: (i) exporters and importers in landlocked developing countries face high logistics costs, which are highly detrimental to their competitiveness in world markets, (ii) high logistics costs depend on low logistics reliability and predictability, and (iii) low logistics reliability and predictability result mostly from rent-seeking and governance issues (prone to proliferate in low volume environments). 2012-03-19T09:34:46Z 2012-03-19T09:34:46Z 2010 http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000333037_20100723024147 978-0-8213-8408-4 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/2489 English CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank World Bank Publications & Research :: Publication Publications & Research :: Publication |