Greenhouse Gases from Geothermal Power Production
Geothermal is a renewable source energy that can be used directly for heating or for power production. Geothermal utilization, particularly power production, may result in some greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. GHG emissions from geothermal power pro...
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| Format: | Report |
| Language: | English en_US |
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World Bank, Washington, DC
2016
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2016/06/26519830/greenhouse-gases-geothermal-power-production http://hdl.handle.net/10986/24691 |
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okr-10986-24691 |
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| recordtype |
oai_dc |
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Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
GLOBAL WARMING POTENTIAL CALCIUM PHOTOSYNTHESIS CO2 FLUX TOTAL EMISSIONS POWER PLANTS TEMPERATURE CARBON DIOXIDE FOSSIL FUELS CALCULATION AIR QUALITY CARBON EMISSIONS FROM POWER PLANTS CARBONATE MINERALS GENERATION NATURAL EMISSIONS GEOTHERMAL ELECTRICITY GEOTHERMAL FLUIDS EMISSIONS EMISSION ESTIMATES ATMOSPHERE CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS GHGS GEOTHERMAL PROJECTS GAS PE GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION GEOTHERMAL RESERVOIRS GEOTHERMAL SECTOR CHEMICAL INHIBITORS NATIONAL GRID AIR GREENHOUSE GAS CHEMICAL CHANGES TRACE GASES RADIATION FUGITIVE EMISSIONS EMISSION OFFSETS CO2 WATER VAPOR EMISSION ESTIMATE OIL POWER GENERATION EMISSION FACTOR GAS CONCENTRATIONS EMISSION RATE SUSTAINABLE ENERGY GEOTHERMAL PLANT RENEWABLE SOURCE KILOWATT HOUR CAPACITY PRODUCTION OF ELECTRICITY GHG CHEMICAL COMPOSITION EMISSION DATA OPTIONS GLOBAL WARMING WATER CONVERSION PROCESS FUGITIVE” EMISSIONS CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE NH3 HYDROGEN SULFIDE EMISSION ANALYSIS GEOTHERMAL CAPACITY CH4 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY GAS EMISSIONS THERMAL ENERGY CHEMISTRY PRECIPITATION HYDROGEN FUEL CONSUMPTION FUELS SULFUR POWER PRODUCERS DRY GAS GREENHOUSE GASES CARBON EMISSIONS SILICATES HIGHER GAS GREENHOUSE EMISSION POWER GENERATION FACILITIES CARB LEAD HEAT IPCC CLIMATE CHANGE ELECTRIC POWER GEOTHERMAL POWER GEOTHERMAL POWER PLANTS POWER EMISSIONS DATA ELECTRICITY GAS SUPPLY CLIMATE GREEN POWER DISTILLATION HYDROPOWER GLOBAL EMISSION ELECTRICITY GENERATION COLORS FOSSIL FUEL EMISSION FACTORS ENERGY EXTRACTION AMMONIA GEOTHERMAL FLUID PLANT OPERATIONS CO ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE ENERGY PRODUCTION POWER PRODUCTION TURBINES GAS EMISSION ENERGY EFFICIENCY MAGNESIUM NATURAL GAS COMBUSTION INVESTMENT GEOTHERMAL POWER PRODUCTION GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS CHEMICAL REACTIONS AMBIENT CONDITIONS COAL FUEL DRILLING GEOCHEMISTRY LESS FACILITIES GAS CONCENTRATION GEOTHERMAL RESOURCES CHEMICAL ANALYSIS METHANE CONDENSATION RENEWABLE ENERGY SPACE HEATING GASES ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION DRY STEAM ACID FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE FOSSIL DISSOLUTION APPROACH AMBIENT TEMPERATURE POWER PLANT BENEFITS ENERGY |
| spellingShingle |
GLOBAL WARMING POTENTIAL CALCIUM PHOTOSYNTHESIS CO2 FLUX TOTAL EMISSIONS POWER PLANTS TEMPERATURE CARBON DIOXIDE FOSSIL FUELS CALCULATION AIR QUALITY CARBON EMISSIONS FROM POWER PLANTS CARBONATE MINERALS GENERATION NATURAL EMISSIONS GEOTHERMAL ELECTRICITY GEOTHERMAL FLUIDS EMISSIONS EMISSION ESTIMATES ATMOSPHERE CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS GHGS GEOTHERMAL PROJECTS GAS PE GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION GEOTHERMAL RESERVOIRS GEOTHERMAL SECTOR CHEMICAL INHIBITORS NATIONAL GRID AIR GREENHOUSE GAS CHEMICAL CHANGES TRACE GASES RADIATION FUGITIVE EMISSIONS EMISSION OFFSETS CO2 WATER VAPOR EMISSION ESTIMATE OIL POWER GENERATION EMISSION FACTOR GAS CONCENTRATIONS EMISSION RATE SUSTAINABLE ENERGY GEOTHERMAL PLANT RENEWABLE SOURCE KILOWATT HOUR CAPACITY PRODUCTION OF ELECTRICITY GHG CHEMICAL COMPOSITION EMISSION DATA OPTIONS GLOBAL WARMING WATER CONVERSION PROCESS FUGITIVE” EMISSIONS CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE NH3 HYDROGEN SULFIDE EMISSION ANALYSIS GEOTHERMAL CAPACITY CH4 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY GAS EMISSIONS THERMAL ENERGY CHEMISTRY PRECIPITATION HYDROGEN FUEL CONSUMPTION FUELS SULFUR POWER PRODUCERS DRY GAS GREENHOUSE GASES CARBON EMISSIONS SILICATES HIGHER GAS GREENHOUSE EMISSION POWER GENERATION FACILITIES CARB LEAD HEAT IPCC CLIMATE CHANGE ELECTRIC POWER GEOTHERMAL POWER GEOTHERMAL POWER PLANTS POWER EMISSIONS DATA ELECTRICITY GAS SUPPLY CLIMATE GREEN POWER DISTILLATION HYDROPOWER GLOBAL EMISSION ELECTRICITY GENERATION COLORS FOSSIL FUEL EMISSION FACTORS ENERGY EXTRACTION AMMONIA GEOTHERMAL FLUID PLANT OPERATIONS CO ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE ENERGY PRODUCTION POWER PRODUCTION TURBINES GAS EMISSION ENERGY EFFICIENCY MAGNESIUM NATURAL GAS COMBUSTION INVESTMENT GEOTHERMAL POWER PRODUCTION GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS CHEMICAL REACTIONS AMBIENT CONDITIONS COAL FUEL DRILLING GEOCHEMISTRY LESS FACILITIES GAS CONCENTRATION GEOTHERMAL RESOURCES CHEMICAL ANALYSIS METHANE CONDENSATION RENEWABLE ENERGY SPACE HEATING GASES ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION DRY STEAM ACID FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE FOSSIL DISSOLUTION APPROACH AMBIENT TEMPERATURE POWER PLANT BENEFITS ENERGY Fridriksson, Thráinn Mateos, Almudena Audinet, Pierre Orucu, Yasemin Greenhouse Gases from Geothermal Power Production |
| description |
Geothermal is a renewable source energy
that can be used directly for heating or for power
production. Geothermal utilization, particularly power
production, may result in some greenhouse gas (GHG)
emissions. GHG emissions from geothermal power production is
generally small in comparison to traditional base load
thermal energy power generation facilities. This is mainly
due to the fact that the large majority of installations
draw their geothermal energy from geothermal reservoirs with
low GHG concentrations. However, as the geothermal sector
has expanded, a wider range of geothermal resources have
been brought into exploitation, including geothermal systems
with relatively high GHG concentrations in the reservoir
fluid. There is a growing realization within the geothermal
community that geothermal power plants can, in rare
instances, release significant quantities GHG into the
atmosphere. This interim technical note presents an overview
of the current knowledge on GHG emissions from geothermal
systems and geothermal power plants, and gives guidance on
how to assess GHG emissions from geothermal projects when
this is required, depending on their stage of development.
This note identifies critical knowledge gaps and presents
recommendations as to how close these gaps and proposes an
interim methodology to estimate GHG emissions from
geothermal projects that financing institutions, such as the
World Bank, intend to support. The plan is to update this
note when the methodology has been tested by application to
actual projects and some of the current knowledge gaps have
been closed as more information become available. This note
proposes a way to estimate future emission factors for
geothermal projects under development. For instance, if a
pumped binary power plant is planned, the emission factor
will be 0. Projects using other energy conversion
technologies will result in some emissions. For projects
where wells have been drilled and tested, formulas are
provided to compute emission factors based on the chemical
composition of the geothermal fluid and the design
parameters of the power plant. For projects located in the
vicinity of existing power plants in analogous geologic
settings, emission factors from the existing plants can be used. |
| format |
Report |
| author |
Fridriksson, Thráinn Mateos, Almudena Audinet, Pierre Orucu, Yasemin |
| author_facet |
Fridriksson, Thráinn Mateos, Almudena Audinet, Pierre Orucu, Yasemin |
| author_sort |
Fridriksson, Thráinn |
| title |
Greenhouse Gases from Geothermal Power Production |
| title_short |
Greenhouse Gases from Geothermal Power Production |
| title_full |
Greenhouse Gases from Geothermal Power Production |
| title_fullStr |
Greenhouse Gases from Geothermal Power Production |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Greenhouse Gases from Geothermal Power Production |
| title_sort |
greenhouse gases from geothermal power production |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2016 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2016/06/26519830/greenhouse-gases-geothermal-power-production http://hdl.handle.net/10986/24691 |
| _version_ |
1764457592357126144 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-246912021-05-25T08:50:08Z Greenhouse Gases from Geothermal Power Production Fridriksson, Thráinn Mateos, Almudena Audinet, Pierre Orucu, Yasemin GLOBAL WARMING POTENTIAL CALCIUM PHOTOSYNTHESIS CO2 FLUX TOTAL EMISSIONS POWER PLANTS TEMPERATURE CARBON DIOXIDE FOSSIL FUELS CALCULATION AIR QUALITY CARBON EMISSIONS FROM POWER PLANTS CARBONATE MINERALS GENERATION NATURAL EMISSIONS GEOTHERMAL ELECTRICITY GEOTHERMAL FLUIDS EMISSIONS EMISSION ESTIMATES ATMOSPHERE CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS GHGS GEOTHERMAL PROJECTS GAS PE GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION GEOTHERMAL RESERVOIRS GEOTHERMAL SECTOR CHEMICAL INHIBITORS NATIONAL GRID AIR GREENHOUSE GAS CHEMICAL CHANGES TRACE GASES RADIATION FUGITIVE EMISSIONS EMISSION OFFSETS CO2 WATER VAPOR EMISSION ESTIMATE OIL POWER GENERATION EMISSION FACTOR GAS CONCENTRATIONS EMISSION RATE SUSTAINABLE ENERGY GEOTHERMAL PLANT RENEWABLE SOURCE KILOWATT HOUR CAPACITY PRODUCTION OF ELECTRICITY GHG CHEMICAL COMPOSITION EMISSION DATA OPTIONS GLOBAL WARMING WATER CONVERSION PROCESS FUGITIVE” EMISSIONS CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE NH3 HYDROGEN SULFIDE EMISSION ANALYSIS GEOTHERMAL CAPACITY CH4 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY GAS EMISSIONS THERMAL ENERGY CHEMISTRY PRECIPITATION HYDROGEN FUEL CONSUMPTION FUELS SULFUR POWER PRODUCERS DRY GAS GREENHOUSE GASES CARBON EMISSIONS SILICATES HIGHER GAS GREENHOUSE EMISSION POWER GENERATION FACILITIES CARB LEAD HEAT IPCC CLIMATE CHANGE ELECTRIC POWER GEOTHERMAL POWER GEOTHERMAL POWER PLANTS POWER EMISSIONS DATA ELECTRICITY GAS SUPPLY CLIMATE GREEN POWER DISTILLATION HYDROPOWER GLOBAL EMISSION ELECTRICITY GENERATION COLORS FOSSIL FUEL EMISSION FACTORS ENERGY EXTRACTION AMMONIA GEOTHERMAL FLUID PLANT OPERATIONS CO ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE ENERGY PRODUCTION POWER PRODUCTION TURBINES GAS EMISSION ENERGY EFFICIENCY MAGNESIUM NATURAL GAS COMBUSTION INVESTMENT GEOTHERMAL POWER PRODUCTION GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS CHEMICAL REACTIONS AMBIENT CONDITIONS COAL FUEL DRILLING GEOCHEMISTRY LESS FACILITIES GAS CONCENTRATION GEOTHERMAL RESOURCES CHEMICAL ANALYSIS METHANE CONDENSATION RENEWABLE ENERGY SPACE HEATING GASES ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION DRY STEAM ACID FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE FOSSIL DISSOLUTION APPROACH AMBIENT TEMPERATURE POWER PLANT BENEFITS ENERGY Geothermal is a renewable source energy that can be used directly for heating or for power production. Geothermal utilization, particularly power production, may result in some greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. GHG emissions from geothermal power production is generally small in comparison to traditional base load thermal energy power generation facilities. This is mainly due to the fact that the large majority of installations draw their geothermal energy from geothermal reservoirs with low GHG concentrations. However, as the geothermal sector has expanded, a wider range of geothermal resources have been brought into exploitation, including geothermal systems with relatively high GHG concentrations in the reservoir fluid. There is a growing realization within the geothermal community that geothermal power plants can, in rare instances, release significant quantities GHG into the atmosphere. This interim technical note presents an overview of the current knowledge on GHG emissions from geothermal systems and geothermal power plants, and gives guidance on how to assess GHG emissions from geothermal projects when this is required, depending on their stage of development. This note identifies critical knowledge gaps and presents recommendations as to how close these gaps and proposes an interim methodology to estimate GHG emissions from geothermal projects that financing institutions, such as the World Bank, intend to support. The plan is to update this note when the methodology has been tested by application to actual projects and some of the current knowledge gaps have been closed as more information become available. This note proposes a way to estimate future emission factors for geothermal projects under development. For instance, if a pumped binary power plant is planned, the emission factor will be 0. Projects using other energy conversion technologies will result in some emissions. For projects where wells have been drilled and tested, formulas are provided to compute emission factors based on the chemical composition of the geothermal fluid and the design parameters of the power plant. For projects located in the vicinity of existing power plants in analogous geologic settings, emission factors from the existing plants can be used. 2016-07-14T18:09:40Z 2016-07-14T18:09:40Z 2016-04 Report http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2016/06/26519830/greenhouse-gases-geothermal-power-production http://hdl.handle.net/10986/24691 English en_US CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Economic & Sector Work Economic & Sector Work :: Energy Study |