Demography, Aging, and Mobility in the ECA Region : A Critical Overview of Trends and Future Challenges
The countries of the Europe and Central Asia (ECA) region are confronting a number of demographic challenges over the coming decades. These include shrinking populations and labor forces because of below replacement-level fertility and older age st...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Working Paper |
| Language: | English en_US |
| Published: |
World Bank, Washington, DC
2016
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2016/04/26229018/demography-aging-mobility-eca-region-critical-overview-trends-future-challenges-vol-2 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/24489 |
| Summary: | The countries of the Europe and Central
Asia (ECA) region are confronting a number of demographic
challenges over the coming decades. These include shrinking
populations and labor forces because of below
replacement-level fertility and older age structures, high
mortality in a large portion of the region, aging
populations and high dependency ratios, shrinking youth
populations and less new entrants to the labor force, and
relatively immobile populations. The report is structured as
follows. After this introduction, the second section reviews
population trends in the ECA region over the past two
decades. Following that is a review of the literature on the
issue of aging globally and specifically in the ECA region.
This includes the implications of population aging on
economic growth and, employment, and public expenditures.
The next section looks at projections of demographic trends
in the ECA region for the period 2010 to 2040, including
aging trends. Following this is an examination of the role
that migration and mobility play in the aging process among
the ECA countries in the future. The final section concludes
by discussing policy options and areas for further research
and analysis |
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