Transforming Vietnamese Agriculture : Gaining More for Less

Over the past quarter century, Vietnam’s agricultural sector has made enormous progress. Vietnam’s performance in terms of agricultural yields, output, and exports, however, has been more impressive than its gains in efficiency, farmer welfare, and...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	World Bank Group
Format:	Report
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2016
Subjects:	TARIFFS FISH ECONOMIC INCENTIVES CENTRAL PLANNING ECONOMIC GROWTH ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION AIR QUALITY WASTE MANAGEMENT ORGANIC WASTES CARBON ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS ECONOMIC WELFARE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION EXPECTATIONS PRODUCERS RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PROPERTY RIGHTS ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS FINANCIAL RESOURCES TIMBER EMISSIONS EFFECTIVE STRATEGY REVENUES INCENTIVES MODELS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT ECONOMIC ANALYSIS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES AUDITS WILLINGNESS TO PAY ECONOMIC ACTIVITY PRESENT VALUE CLIMATIC CONDITIONS EXPLOITATION OIL PRICES ENVIRONMENTAL RISK LABOR COSTS OIL INPUT USE FOOD POLICY RESEARCH NATURAL CAPITAL POPULATION GROWTH FIXED COSTS OPTIONS LABOR PRODUCTIVITY FARMING COMMUNITIES QUOTAS LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS DEBT LAND DEGRADATION POLLUTION FORESTRY PRICE SUBSIDIES POLICY DECISIONS BARLEY NATURAL RESOURCES SUBSIDIES PRODUCTION OUTPUT EFFICIENCY FISHING FOOD PRODUCTION TAXES CANCER LAND USE TEMPERATURE CHANGE RESOURCES EQUITY PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH CONSUMPTION SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE RURAL COMMUNITIES WAGES CLIMATE CHANGE ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY DIRECTIONAL FLOW ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT VALUES MARKET PRICES ECONOMIC VALUE PRICE DIFFERENCES CREDIT QUALITY STANDARDS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS DEFORESTATION DEMAND SUSTAINABLE USE ENDANGERED SPECIES ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION PUBLIC EXPENDITURES ECONOMIES OF SCOPE EXPENDITURES PROPERTY LOGGING AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE OPPORTUNITY COSTS TRANSACTION COSTS ENVIRONMENT SOIL DEGRADATION ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS WEATHER PATTERNS STREAMS ECONOMICS TERMS OF TRADE EMPIRICAL RESEARCH FISHERIES ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT TRADE LAND LAND PRODUCTIVITY ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEM ECONOMIES OF SCALE CONSUMPTION PATTERNS COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE COAL FARMS ECOLOGY WATER POLLUTION WAGE DIFFERENTIALS REVENUE POLLUTION CONTROL EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH ECOSYSTEM HEALTH PASTURES AVERAGE PRODUCTIVITY INTERMEDIATE INPUTS PROFITS PRODUCTION PATTERNS POLICY INSTRUMENTS ACID RAIN ENVIRONMENTAL PUBLIC GOOD WETLANDS PRICES DEMOGRAPHICS FISHERS CONSUMER PROTECTION PRODUCTION COSTS ECONOMIC CONDITIONS ECONOMIES PRODUCTION PROCESSES AGRICULTURAL USES PUBLIC GOODS COMPETITION
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2016/04/26383317/vietnam-agricultural-modernization-transforming-vietnamese-agriculture-gaining-more-less http://hdl.handle.net/10986/24375

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Summary:	Over the past quarter century, Vietnam’s agricultural sector has made enormous progress. Vietnam’s performance in terms of agricultural yields, output, and exports, however, has been more impressive than its gains in efficiency, farmer welfare, and product quality. Vietnamese agriculture now sits at a turning point. The agricultural sector now faces growing domestic competition - from cities, industry, and services - for labor, land, and water. Rising labor costs are beginning to inhibit the sector’s ability to compete globally as a low cost producer of bulk undifferentiated commodities. Going forward, Vietnam’s agricultural sector needs to generate more from less. That is, it must generate more economic value - and farmer and consumer welfare - using less natural and human capital and less harmful intermediate inputs. The strategic shift was highlighted in the government’s agricultural restructuring plan (ARP), approved by the Prime Minister in June 2014. The ARP defines sector goals in terms of the triple bottom line of economically, socially, and environmentally sustainable development. It lays out expected changes in the roles and spending patterns of the government in the sector and discusses the need to work with other stakeholders, including in the private sector. It calls for an ambitious and ongoing process of learning and experimentation, and several potential directions are offered in this report.

Transforming Vietnamese Agriculture : Gaining More for Less

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