Looking Back on Two Decades of Poverty and Well-Being in India

This paper provides an overview of poverty and well-being trends in India since the mid-1990s. Poverty reduction since 2005 has been much faster than the earlier decade, as a result of broad-based growth across most geographic areas. Underlying thi...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Narayan, Ambar, Murgai, Rinku
Format:	Working Paper
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2016
Subjects:	SANITATION PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION INFANT MORTALITY RATES LIVING STANDARDS GROWTH RATES WELFARE INDICATOR POOR PEOPLE STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATION RISKS CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES POVERTY REDUCTION CAPITA INCOME POVERTY LINE ECONOMIC GROWTH HOUSEHOLD HEADS HIGH‐INCOME COUNTRIES NATIONAL ACCOUNTS AGGREGATE – HOUSEHOLD INCOME RURAL URBAN NATIONAL ILLITERACY CHILD MORTALITY RATES GROWTH ELASTICITY INCOME URBAN POVERTY INDIVIDUAL COUNTRIES POVERTY RATES POVERTY ESTIMATES HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION HIGH‐INEQUALITY COUNTRIES NATIONAL POVERTY LINE HIGH POPULATION DENSITY CONSUMPTION DATA LABOR FORCE DEVELOPING COUNTRIES REDUCED POVERTY POVERTY DYNAMICS NATIONAL POVERTY POORER HOUSEHOLDS ANNUAL GROWTH CONSUMPTION AGGREGATE DEVELOPMENT GOALS RURAL POVERTY RATE CONSUMPTION GROWTH RURAL POOR CURRENT POVERTY MEASURES DRIVERS OF POVERTY REDUCTION NATIONAL POVERTY LINES MATERNAL MORTALITY HOUSEHOLD INCOME ECONOMIC ACTIVITY CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA INCOMES POVERTY DECLINE PER CAPITA INCOME MEASURING POVERTY EXTREME POVERTY CONSUMPTION POVERTY HOUSEHOLD HEAD INCOME GROWTH INCOME INEQUALITY DIMENSIONS OF POVERTY LEVELS OF VULNERABILITY INTERNATIONAL POVERTY LINE POVERTY STATUS ESTIMATES OF POVERTY CAPITA INCOMES HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS INCOME LEVELS WELFARE INDICATORS CHANGES IN POVERTY POVERTY HEADCOUNT RATE AVERAGE GROWTH FOOD ITEMS HIGH‐INEQUALITY UNEMPLOYMENT INFANT MORTALITY POVERTY LINES ANNUAL CHANGE CONSUMPTION REDUCING POVERTY POVERTY MEASUREMENT POVERTY RATE POOR POPULATION FINANCIAL CRISIS VULNERABLE GROUPS DEVELOPING WORLD RURAL POVERTY INCOME DISTRIBUTION URBAN AREAS ABSOLUTE POVERTY RURAL NUTRITION URBAN POOR HUMAN DEVELOPMENT GLOBAL CONDITIONS CHILD MORTALITY RURAL AREAS GROWTH RATE POOR HOUSEHOLDS POVERTY GINI COEFFICIENT INCIDENCE OF POVERTY POINT DECLINE DECLINE IN POVERTY POLICY RESEARCH POOR CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA CROSS‐COUNTRY ECONOMIC SHOCKS INFANT MORTALITY RATE DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS DEVELOPMENT POLICY INEQUALITY GROWTH
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2016/04/26189868/looking-back-two-decades-poverty-well-being-india http://hdl.handle.net/10986/24168

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Summary:	This paper provides an overview of poverty and well-being trends in India since the mid-1990s. Poverty reduction since 2005 has been much faster than the earlier decade, as a result of broad-based growth across most geographic areas. Underlying this is a pattern of high mobility in economic status that has led to an emerging middle class. Still, a vast (and rising) share of the population faces significant risk of slipping back into poverty. India's poor are increasingly concentrated in low-income states with historically lower rates of economic progress. Even as India has reduced poverty faster than the developing world as a whole, the degree of poverty reduction associated with growth has been substantially lower than in some of its middle-income peers. India faces important challenges in nonmonetary dimensions of welfare as well. Despite success on important fronts, such as infant and child mortality and secondary education, progress has been slow in others, such as sanitation and nutrition, and lags behind some other countries that are at a similar stage of development.

Looking Back on Two Decades of Poverty and Well-Being in India

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