Growth, Urbanization, and Poverty Reduction in India

Longstanding development issues are revisited in the light of a newly-constructed data set of poverty measures for India spanning 60 years, including 20 years since reforms began in earnest in 1991. The study finds a downward trend in poverty measu...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Datt, Gaurav, Ravallion, Martin, Murgai, Rinku
Format:	Working Paper
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2016
Subjects:	PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION GROWTH RATES POVERTY POVERTY AGRICULTURAL GROWTH CAPITA INCOME POVERTY LINE IMPACT ON POVERTY RURAL INEQUALITY ECONOMIC GROWTH SIGNIFICANT EFFECT NATIONAL ACCOUNTS URBAN GROWTH SQUARED POVERTY GAP POVERTY LEVELS PRO- POOR GROWTH ELASTICITY ECONOMIC LITERATURE INCOME URBAN POVERTY POVERTY INDICES POVERTY RATES FARM PRODUCTIVITY REDUCED INEQUALITY LABOR FORCE DEVELOPING COUNTRIES POVERTY CHANGES POST-REFORM RURAL PRICE INDICES PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE NATIONAL POVERTY POOR PEOPLE RURAL LABOR POVERTY GAP INDEX DISTRIBUTIONAL EFFECTS DISTRIBUTIONAL EFFECT INDEPENDENT VARIABLE CONSUMPTION GROWTH GLOBAL POVERTY RURAL POPULATION RURAL POOR MEASURES RURAL SECTORS POVERTY MEASURES 0 HYPOTHESIS POVERTY REDUCTION PER CAPITA INCOMES PRO-POOR POVERTY DECLINE RURAL POPULATIONS POVERTY DEBATE ABSOLUTE VALUE RISING DEMAND MEASURING POVERTY PER CAPITA INCOME DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DECOMPOSABLE POVERTY MEASURES POVERTY GAP POVERTY REDUCING GROWTH EFFECT INCOME GROWTH POVERTY CHANGE INEQUALITY MEASURES INCOME INEQUALITY GINI INDEX POVERTY INCIDENCE RURAL POVERTY DECLINE INTERNATIONAL POVERTY LINE POLICY ISSUES CAPITA INCOMES HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS SIGNIFICANT IMPACT ECONOMIC REFORMS POOR GROWTH OUTPUT GROWTH POVERTY IMPACT OF GROWTH URBAN WORKERS ECONOMIC REFORM FOOD ITEMS INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT UNEMPLOYMENT POVERTY LINES RURAL HEADCOUNT ANNUAL CHANGE POVERTY DATA CUMULATIVE DISTRIBUTION POPULATION SHARE RURAL SECTOR POVERTY MEASURE POVERTY MEASUREMENT HIGHER INEQUALITY DEPENDENT VARIABLE DISTRIBUTIONAL CHANGES DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION STRUCTURAL BREAK RURAL GROWTH ERROR TERMS POOR COUNTRIES RURAL ECONOMIC GROWTH DEVELOPING WORLD RURAL POVERTY INCOME DISTRIBUTION URBAN AREAS ABSOLUTE POVERTY AGRICULTURAL SECTOR RURAL ECONOMY RURAL PRICES AGGREGATE OUTPUT RURAL RURAL WORKERS ERROR TERM DISTRIBUTIONAL CHANGE URBAN POOR ECONOMICS SKILLED LABOR SECTORAL COMPOSITION CUMULATIVE DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT RURAL RESIDENTS CONSUMPTION SMOOTHING POST- REFORM GROWTH RATE RURAL AREAS POVERTY INEQUALITY WILL HEADCOUNT POVERTY ABSOLUTE TERMS INCIDENCE OF POVERTY HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION POOR LIVING PRO-POOR GROWTH POLICY RESEARCH RAPID GROWTH POVERTY RATE POOR NON-INCOME” DIMENSIONS POVERTY IMPACT DISTRIBUTIONAL IMPLICATIONS SQUARED POVERTY GAP INDEX DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS UNSKILLED LABOR GROWTH PROCESS RURAL POVERTY REDUCTION HOUSEHOLD LIVING STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT POLICY INEQUALITY GROWTH
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2016/02/25932338/growth-urbanization-poverty-reduction-india http://hdl.handle.net/10986/23896

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Summary:	Longstanding development issues are revisited in the light of a newly-constructed data set of poverty measures for India spanning 60 years, including 20 years since reforms began in earnest in 1991. The study finds a downward trend in poverty measures since 1970, with an acceleration post-1991, despite rising inequality. Faster poverty decline came with higher growth and a more pro-poor pattern of growth. Post-1991 data suggest stronger inter-sectoral linkages: urban consumption growth brought gains to the rural as well as the urban poor, and the primary-secondary-tertiary composition of growth has ceased to matter, as all three sectors contributed to poverty reduction.

Growth, Urbanization, and Poverty Reduction in India

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