Preschool Education in Brazil : Does Public Supply Crowd Out Private Enrollment?

This paper examines whether an expansion in the supply of public preschool crowds out private enrollment. The paper uses rich data for municipalities in Brazil from 2000 to 2006, where federal transfers to local governments change discontinuously w...

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Main Authors:	Bastos, Paulo, Straume, Odd Rune
Format:	Working Paper
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2016
Subjects:	CAPITALS EMPLOYMENT REVENUE SHARING VALUATION INTEREST INCOME PUBLIC SECTOR PRICING STRATEGY SUPPLIER LOCAL GOVERNMENTS MUNICIPAL REVENUE LABOR FORCE INFORMATION SERVICES MONITORING POLITICAL ECONOMY REVENUES EFFECTS LABOR ECONOMICS VARIABLES PRICING PRICE INPUTS LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION ASSOCIATIONS WEALTH MUNICIPALITIES PUBLIC HEALTH POVERTY REDUCTION DEVELOPMENT CHOICE LABOR MARKET STATES CONSUMER SURPLUS CROWDING OUT DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS ECONOMICS OF EDUCATION PUBLIC FUNDS MONOPOLY PRICE SURPLUS ECONOMETRICS MONOPOLY MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENTS TRANSFERS MARKETS ORGANIZATIONS LABOR PRODUCT STANDARDS UTILITY MORTALITY PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE FEMALE LABOR TAXES EXPENDITURE HUMAN CAPITAL DUOPOLY POLICIES INSTITUTIONAL SETTING PARTICIPATION VALUE COMPETITIVENESS DEMAND INTERGOVERNMENTAL TRANSFERS REPORTS UTILITY FUNCTION CHARGES PUBLIC PROVIDERS CONSUMERS EXPENDITURES INCOME INEQUALITIES MEASUREMENT MARKET ECONOMICS MARKET SEGMENTS PUBLIC PROVISION REGRESSION ANALYSIS INSURANCE FUNCTIONAL FORMS TRADE GDP GOODS MUNICIPAL FUNDS MUNICIPALITY THEORY STATE GOVERNMENTS FEMALE LABOR FORCE SUPPLY REVENUE LAW LABOR SUPPLY MUNICIPAL LEVEL PUBLIC SCHOOLS FEES SUPPLIERS GOVERNMENTS OUTCOMES MARGINAL UTILITY MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES MUNICIPAL PRICES PIT DEVELOPMENT POLICY
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2016/02/25959162/preschool-education-brazil-public-supply-crowd-out-private-enrollment http://hdl.handle.net/10986/23891

id	okr-10986-23891
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	okr-10986-238912021-04-23T14:04:18Z Preschool Education in Brazil : Does Public Supply Crowd Out Private Enrollment? Bastos, Paulo Straume, Odd Rune CAPITALS EMPLOYMENT REVENUE SHARING VALUATION INTEREST INCOME PUBLIC SECTOR PRICING STRATEGY SUPPLIER LOCAL GOVERNMENTS MUNICIPAL REVENUE LABOR FORCE INFORMATION SERVICES MONITORING POLITICAL ECONOMY REVENUES EFFECTS LABOR ECONOMICS VARIABLES PRICING PRICE INPUTS LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION ASSOCIATIONS WEALTH MUNICIPALITIES PUBLIC HEALTH POVERTY REDUCTION DEVELOPMENT CHOICE LABOR MARKET STATES CONSUMER SURPLUS CROWDING OUT DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS ECONOMICS OF EDUCATION PUBLIC FUNDS MONOPOLY PRICE SURPLUS ECONOMETRICS MONOPOLY MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENTS TRANSFERS MARKETS ORGANIZATIONS LABOR PRODUCT STANDARDS UTILITY MORTALITY PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE FEMALE LABOR TAXES EXPENDITURE HUMAN CAPITAL DUOPOLY POLICIES INSTITUTIONAL SETTING PARTICIPATION VALUE COMPETITIVENESS DEMAND INTERGOVERNMENTAL TRANSFERS REPORTS UTILITY FUNCTION CHARGES PUBLIC PROVIDERS CONSUMERS EXPENDITURES INCOME INEQUALITIES MEASUREMENT MARKET ECONOMICS MARKET SEGMENTS PUBLIC PROVISION REGRESSION ANALYSIS INSURANCE FUNCTIONAL FORMS TRADE GDP GOODS MUNICIPAL FUNDS MUNICIPALITY THEORY STATE GOVERNMENTS FEMALE LABOR FORCE SUPPLY REVENUE LAW LABOR SUPPLY MUNICIPAL LEVEL PUBLIC SCHOOLS FEES SUPPLIERS GOVERNMENTS OUTCOMES MARGINAL UTILITY MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES MUNICIPAL PRICES PIT DEVELOPMENT POLICY This paper examines whether an expansion in the supply of public preschool crowds out private enrollment. The paper uses rich data for municipalities in Brazil from 2000 to 2006, where federal transfers to local governments change discontinuously with given population thresholds. The results from a regression-discontinuity design reveal that larger federal transfers lead to a significant expansion of local public preschool services, but show no evidence of crowding out of private enrollment. This finding is consistent with a theory in which households differ in their willingness to pay for preschool services, and private suppliers optimally adjust prices in response to an expansion of lower-quality, free-of-charge public supply. 2016-03-09T16:35:28Z 2016-03-09T16:35:28Z 2016-02 Working Paper http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2016/02/25959162/preschool-education-brazil-public-supply-crowd-out-private-enrollment http://hdl.handle.net/10986/23891 English en_US Policy Research Working Paper;No. 7573 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Latin America & Caribbean Brazil
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English en_US
topic	CAPITALS EMPLOYMENT REVENUE SHARING VALUATION INTEREST INCOME PUBLIC SECTOR PRICING STRATEGY SUPPLIER LOCAL GOVERNMENTS MUNICIPAL REVENUE LABOR FORCE INFORMATION SERVICES MONITORING POLITICAL ECONOMY REVENUES EFFECTS LABOR ECONOMICS VARIABLES PRICING PRICE INPUTS LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION ASSOCIATIONS WEALTH MUNICIPALITIES PUBLIC HEALTH POVERTY REDUCTION DEVELOPMENT CHOICE LABOR MARKET STATES CONSUMER SURPLUS CROWDING OUT DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS ECONOMICS OF EDUCATION PUBLIC FUNDS MONOPOLY PRICE SURPLUS ECONOMETRICS MONOPOLY MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENTS TRANSFERS MARKETS ORGANIZATIONS LABOR PRODUCT STANDARDS UTILITY MORTALITY PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE FEMALE LABOR TAXES EXPENDITURE HUMAN CAPITAL DUOPOLY POLICIES INSTITUTIONAL SETTING PARTICIPATION VALUE COMPETITIVENESS DEMAND INTERGOVERNMENTAL TRANSFERS REPORTS UTILITY FUNCTION CHARGES PUBLIC PROVIDERS CONSUMERS EXPENDITURES INCOME INEQUALITIES MEASUREMENT MARKET ECONOMICS MARKET SEGMENTS PUBLIC PROVISION REGRESSION ANALYSIS INSURANCE FUNCTIONAL FORMS TRADE GDP GOODS MUNICIPAL FUNDS MUNICIPALITY THEORY STATE GOVERNMENTS FEMALE LABOR FORCE SUPPLY REVENUE LAW LABOR SUPPLY MUNICIPAL LEVEL PUBLIC SCHOOLS FEES SUPPLIERS GOVERNMENTS OUTCOMES MARGINAL UTILITY MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES MUNICIPAL PRICES PIT DEVELOPMENT POLICY
spellingShingle	CAPITALS EMPLOYMENT REVENUE SHARING VALUATION INTEREST INCOME PUBLIC SECTOR PRICING STRATEGY SUPPLIER LOCAL GOVERNMENTS MUNICIPAL REVENUE LABOR FORCE INFORMATION SERVICES MONITORING POLITICAL ECONOMY REVENUES EFFECTS LABOR ECONOMICS VARIABLES PRICING PRICE INPUTS LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION ASSOCIATIONS WEALTH MUNICIPALITIES PUBLIC HEALTH POVERTY REDUCTION DEVELOPMENT CHOICE LABOR MARKET STATES CONSUMER SURPLUS CROWDING OUT DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS ECONOMICS OF EDUCATION PUBLIC FUNDS MONOPOLY PRICE SURPLUS ECONOMETRICS MONOPOLY MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENTS TRANSFERS MARKETS ORGANIZATIONS LABOR PRODUCT STANDARDS UTILITY MORTALITY PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE FEMALE LABOR TAXES EXPENDITURE HUMAN CAPITAL DUOPOLY POLICIES INSTITUTIONAL SETTING PARTICIPATION VALUE COMPETITIVENESS DEMAND INTERGOVERNMENTAL TRANSFERS REPORTS UTILITY FUNCTION CHARGES PUBLIC PROVIDERS CONSUMERS EXPENDITURES INCOME INEQUALITIES MEASUREMENT MARKET ECONOMICS MARKET SEGMENTS PUBLIC PROVISION REGRESSION ANALYSIS INSURANCE FUNCTIONAL FORMS TRADE GDP GOODS MUNICIPAL FUNDS MUNICIPALITY THEORY STATE GOVERNMENTS FEMALE LABOR FORCE SUPPLY REVENUE LAW LABOR SUPPLY MUNICIPAL LEVEL PUBLIC SCHOOLS FEES SUPPLIERS GOVERNMENTS OUTCOMES MARGINAL UTILITY MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES MUNICIPAL PRICES PIT DEVELOPMENT POLICY Bastos, Paulo Straume, Odd Rune Preschool Education in Brazil : Does Public Supply Crowd Out Private Enrollment?
geographic_facet	Latin America & Caribbean Brazil
relation	Policy Research Working Paper;No. 7573
description	This paper examines whether an expansion in the supply of public preschool crowds out private enrollment. The paper uses rich data for municipalities in Brazil from 2000 to 2006, where federal transfers to local governments change discontinuously with given population thresholds. The results from a regression-discontinuity design reveal that larger federal transfers lead to a significant expansion of local public preschool services, but show no evidence of crowding out of private enrollment. This finding is consistent with a theory in which households differ in their willingness to pay for preschool services, and private suppliers optimally adjust prices in response to an expansion of lower-quality, free-of-charge public supply.
format	Working Paper
author	Bastos, Paulo Straume, Odd Rune
author_facet	Bastos, Paulo Straume, Odd Rune
author_sort	Bastos, Paulo
title	Preschool Education in Brazil : Does Public Supply Crowd Out Private Enrollment?
title_short	Preschool Education in Brazil : Does Public Supply Crowd Out Private Enrollment?
title_full	Preschool Education in Brazil : Does Public Supply Crowd Out Private Enrollment?
title_fullStr	Preschool Education in Brazil : Does Public Supply Crowd Out Private Enrollment?
title_full_unstemmed	Preschool Education in Brazil : Does Public Supply Crowd Out Private Enrollment?
title_sort	preschool education in brazil : does public supply crowd out private enrollment?
publisher	World Bank, Washington, DC
publishDate	2016
url	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2016/02/25959162/preschool-education-brazil-public-supply-crowd-out-private-enrollment http://hdl.handle.net/10986/23891
_version_	1764455128154243072

Preschool Education in Brazil : Does Public Supply Crowd Out Private Enrollment?

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