Out of School and Out of Work : A Diagnostic of Ninis in Latin America

Out of School and Out of Work : A Diagnostic of Ninis in Latin America

Using all the household survey data available in Latin America during the period 1992 to 2013, this paper estimates that in 2015, 20 million youth ages 15 to 24 years in the region were out of school and not working (making them ninis, for "ni...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	de Hoyos, Rafael, Popova, Anna, Rogers, Halsey
Format:	Working Paper
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2016
Subjects:	SKILLS WORKFORCE FORMAL EDUCATION URBANIZATION CARE FOR CHILDREN DROPOUTS SCHOOLING EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES GROUPS HIGH POPULATION GROWTH DEVELOPING COUNTRIES SERVICES HEALTH DROPOUT POLICY DISCUSSIONS PROJECT CITIES CRIME GENDER DISPARITY VULNERABILITY MIDDLE SCHOOL LABOR MARKET POLICY RESPONSE PREGNANCY PREVENTION QUALITY OF EDUCATION EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT POPULATION GROWTH MOBILITY YOUNG MALES SECONDARY SCHOOL YOUNG MALE COMPULSORY SCHOOLING VIOLENCE HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS MARRIAGE PRIMARY SCHOOL RULE OF LAW CHILD CARE PROGRESS UNEMPLOYMENT DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION TEENAGE PREGNANCY YOUNG MEN POLICIES VALUES SCHOOL ATTENDANCE PARTICIPATION DESCRIPTION WOMAN AGE POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER GENDER POLICY MAKERS SOCIAL PROBLEM NATIONAL LEVELS SELF-ESTEEM AGE GROUPS HOUSEHOLD URBAN AREAS URBAN YOUTH YOUTH MEDIA ATTENTION SOCIAL VALUES MARKET POPULATIONS WORKSHOPS POLICY LEVEL OF EDUCATION CHILDREN PERSONAL CHOICE EDUCATION HOUSEHOLDS RURAL AREAS ILLNESS YOUNG WOMEN ECONOMIC PROGRESS SCHOOL YOUTH POPULATION SOCIAL COHESION INTERVENTIONS POLICY RESEARCH COMMUNITY PRIMARY EDUCATION WOMEN YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT FORMAL SCHOOLING MAPS FEMALE SECONDARY EDUCATION HEALTH SERVICES PREGNANCY SOCIAL MOBILITY YOUTH POPULATION BOTH SEXES PARTICIPATION RATES AGE RANGES DEVELOPMENT POLICY SCHOOL AGE
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2016/01/25838527/out-school-out-work-diagnostic-ninis-latin-america http://hdl.handle.net/10986/23723

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Summary:	Using all the household survey data available in Latin America during the period 1992 to 2013, this paper estimates that in 2015, 20 million youth ages 15 to 24 years in the region were out of school and not working (making them ninis, for "ni estudian ni trabajan"). The share of out-of–school, out-of-work youth in Latin America, at about 19 percent, is roughly equal to the global average of 22 percent. Although women make up over two-thirds of the ninis in the region, the number of male ninis grew by 46 percent between 1992 and 2010. As a result, the absolute number of ninis rose over the two-decade period, even as women's education and employment rates were improving. Global comparisons show that Latin America is the region of the world with the largest concentration of ninis among households in the bottom 40 percent of the income distribution. Coupled with the long-lasting harm it causes to the youth's future labor-market outcomes, the high incidence of ninis among the poorest households tends to lock in income disparities from one generation to the next, obstructing social mobility and poverty reduction in the region.