Direct and Indirect Effects of Malawi’s Public Works Program on Food Security

Labor-intensive public works programs are important social protection tools in low-income settings, intended to supplement income of poor households and improve public infrastructure. In this evaluation of the Malawi Social Action Fund, an at-scale...

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Main Authors:	Beegle, Kathleen, Galasso, Emanuela, Goldberg, Jessica
Format:	Working Paper
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2015
Subjects:	PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HONEY SORGHUM FOOD CONSUMPTION BREAD INCOME MILK POVERTY ESTIMATES POVERTY RATES EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES LOWER VALUES REGIONAL LEVEL CONSUMPTION DATA LUMP-SUM FOOD POLICY FAMILY MEMBERS PASTA POORER HOUSEHOLDS FOOD CONSUMPTION DATA SOCIAL PROGRAMS NATIONAL LEVEL CAPITA CONSUMPTION CALORIC INTAKE MEASURES SAFETY NETS REGION FERTILIZER PURCHASES HOUSEHOLD- LEVEL MAIZE STANDARD DEVIATION CASH TRANSFER SCHEME TRANSFER SCHEME SAVINGS CEREALS CROWDING OUT DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DATES GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS POLITICAL CONSTRAINTS TRANSFERS STANDARD ERRORS POOR AREAS FRUITS DIETARY DIVERSITY VEGETABLES NUTS SMALL NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS REGIONAL BREAKDOWN FOOD EXPENDITURES SOCIAL PROTECTION PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAMS PRICE SUBSIDIES RISK SHARING GRAINS CASH TRANSFERS PLANTING TIME HOUSEHOLD HEADS REGIONAL VARIATION MARKET PRICE CASH-FOR-WORK HOUSEHOLD LEVEL CONSUMPTION SOCIAL SAFETY NETS EMPLOYMENT GUARANTEE SCHEME DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH GROUP FOOD SECURITY SPICES CASH TRANSFER PROGRAM FATS INCOME SHOCKS FOOD ASSISTANCE TUBERS DELTA METHOD GEOGRAPHIC REGION SAFETY NET FOOD EXPENDITURE AGRICULTURE GEORGIA PLANTING SEASON CASH CROP FERTILIZER APPLICATION RURAL FERTILIZER USE NUTRITION WFP TRANSACTION COSTS REGIONAL TARGETING EGGS PUBLIC WORKS HOUSEHOLD BUDGET HIGHER INCIDENCE OF POVERTY RURAL EMPLOYMENT FOOD TRANSFER PROGRAMS CONDIMENTS AGRICULTURAL INPUTS SUGAR PRODUCTS FOOD INSECURITY TARGETING REGIONAL FOOD CONSUMPTION SMOOTHING COPING STRATEGY NUTRITION PROGRAMS IRRIGATION PROJECTS REGIONS AGRICULTURAL SEASON VILLAGE LEVEL SUGARS IRRIGATION LACK OF KNOWLEDGE HOUSEHOLDS DAILY WAGE POVERTY MEAT INCIDENCE OF POVERTY HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION MEAL FOOD AVAILABILITY AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY POOR FOODS PULSES NEGATIVE EXTERNALITIES CENTRAL REGION LOW WAGES CENTRAL REGIONS INEQUALITY SUGAR HOUSEHOLD-LEVEL POOR HOUSEHOLDS
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/12/25513895/direct-indirect-effects-malawi’s-public-works-program-food-security http://hdl.handle.net/10986/23466

id	okr-10986-23466
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	okr-10986-234662021-04-23T14:04:15Z Direct and Indirect Effects of Malawi’s Public Works Program on Food Security Beegle, Kathleen Galasso, Emanuela Goldberg, Jessica PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HONEY SORGHUM FOOD CONSUMPTION BREAD INCOME MILK POVERTY ESTIMATES POVERTY RATES EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES LOWER VALUES REGIONAL LEVEL CONSUMPTION DATA LUMP-SUM FOOD POLICY FAMILY MEMBERS PASTA POORER HOUSEHOLDS FOOD CONSUMPTION DATA SOCIAL PROGRAMS NATIONAL LEVEL CAPITA CONSUMPTION CALORIC INTAKE MEASURES SAFETY NETS REGION FERTILIZER PURCHASES HOUSEHOLD- LEVEL MAIZE STANDARD DEVIATION CASH TRANSFER SCHEME TRANSFER SCHEME SAVINGS CEREALS CROWDING OUT DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DATES GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS POLITICAL CONSTRAINTS TRANSFERS STANDARD ERRORS POOR AREAS FRUITS DIETARY DIVERSITY VEGETABLES NUTS SMALL NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS REGIONAL BREAKDOWN FOOD EXPENDITURES SOCIAL PROTECTION PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAMS PRICE SUBSIDIES RISK SHARING GRAINS CASH TRANSFERS PLANTING TIME HOUSEHOLD HEADS REGIONAL VARIATION MARKET PRICE CASH-FOR-WORK HOUSEHOLD LEVEL CONSUMPTION SOCIAL SAFETY NETS EMPLOYMENT GUARANTEE SCHEME DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH GROUP FOOD SECURITY SPICES CASH TRANSFER PROGRAM FATS INCOME SHOCKS FOOD ASSISTANCE TUBERS DELTA METHOD GEOGRAPHIC REGION SAFETY NET FOOD EXPENDITURE AGRICULTURE GEORGIA PLANTING SEASON CASH CROP FERTILIZER APPLICATION RURAL FERTILIZER USE NUTRITION WFP TRANSACTION COSTS REGIONAL TARGETING EGGS PUBLIC WORKS HOUSEHOLD BUDGET HIGHER INCIDENCE OF POVERTY RURAL EMPLOYMENT FOOD TRANSFER PROGRAMS CONDIMENTS AGRICULTURAL INPUTS SUGAR PRODUCTS FOOD INSECURITY TARGETING REGIONAL FOOD CONSUMPTION SMOOTHING COPING STRATEGY NUTRITION PROGRAMS IRRIGATION PROJECTS REGIONS AGRICULTURAL SEASON VILLAGE LEVEL SUGARS IRRIGATION LACK OF KNOWLEDGE HOUSEHOLDS DAILY WAGE POVERTY MEAT INCIDENCE OF POVERTY HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION MEAL FOOD AVAILABILITY AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY POOR FOODS PULSES NEGATIVE EXTERNALITIES CENTRAL REGION LOW WAGES CENTRAL REGIONS INEQUALITY SUGAR HOUSEHOLD-LEVEL POOR HOUSEHOLDS Labor-intensive public works programs are important social protection tools in low-income settings, intended to supplement income of poor households and improve public infrastructure. In this evaluation of the Malawi Social Action Fund, an at-scale, government-operated program, across- and within-village randomization is used to estimate effects on food security and use of fertilizer. There is no evidence that the program improves food security, and some negative spillovers to untreated households. These disappointing results hold even under modifications to the design of the program to offer work during the lean rather than harvest season or increase the frequency of payments. 2015-12-18T21:37:04Z 2015-12-18T21:37:04Z 2015-12 Working Paper http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/12/25513895/direct-indirect-effects-malawi’s-public-works-program-food-security http://hdl.handle.net/10986/23466 English en_US Policy Research Working Paper;No. 7505 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research Africa Malawi
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English en_US
topic	PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HONEY SORGHUM FOOD CONSUMPTION BREAD INCOME MILK POVERTY ESTIMATES POVERTY RATES EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES LOWER VALUES REGIONAL LEVEL CONSUMPTION DATA LUMP-SUM FOOD POLICY FAMILY MEMBERS PASTA POORER HOUSEHOLDS FOOD CONSUMPTION DATA SOCIAL PROGRAMS NATIONAL LEVEL CAPITA CONSUMPTION CALORIC INTAKE MEASURES SAFETY NETS REGION FERTILIZER PURCHASES HOUSEHOLD- LEVEL MAIZE STANDARD DEVIATION CASH TRANSFER SCHEME TRANSFER SCHEME SAVINGS CEREALS CROWDING OUT DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DATES GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS POLITICAL CONSTRAINTS TRANSFERS STANDARD ERRORS POOR AREAS FRUITS DIETARY DIVERSITY VEGETABLES NUTS SMALL NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS REGIONAL BREAKDOWN FOOD EXPENDITURES SOCIAL PROTECTION PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAMS PRICE SUBSIDIES RISK SHARING GRAINS CASH TRANSFERS PLANTING TIME HOUSEHOLD HEADS REGIONAL VARIATION MARKET PRICE CASH-FOR-WORK HOUSEHOLD LEVEL CONSUMPTION SOCIAL SAFETY NETS EMPLOYMENT GUARANTEE SCHEME DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH GROUP FOOD SECURITY SPICES CASH TRANSFER PROGRAM FATS INCOME SHOCKS FOOD ASSISTANCE TUBERS DELTA METHOD GEOGRAPHIC REGION SAFETY NET FOOD EXPENDITURE AGRICULTURE GEORGIA PLANTING SEASON CASH CROP FERTILIZER APPLICATION RURAL FERTILIZER USE NUTRITION WFP TRANSACTION COSTS REGIONAL TARGETING EGGS PUBLIC WORKS HOUSEHOLD BUDGET HIGHER INCIDENCE OF POVERTY RURAL EMPLOYMENT FOOD TRANSFER PROGRAMS CONDIMENTS AGRICULTURAL INPUTS SUGAR PRODUCTS FOOD INSECURITY TARGETING REGIONAL FOOD CONSUMPTION SMOOTHING COPING STRATEGY NUTRITION PROGRAMS IRRIGATION PROJECTS REGIONS AGRICULTURAL SEASON VILLAGE LEVEL SUGARS IRRIGATION LACK OF KNOWLEDGE HOUSEHOLDS DAILY WAGE POVERTY MEAT INCIDENCE OF POVERTY HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION MEAL FOOD AVAILABILITY AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY POOR FOODS PULSES NEGATIVE EXTERNALITIES CENTRAL REGION LOW WAGES CENTRAL REGIONS INEQUALITY SUGAR HOUSEHOLD-LEVEL POOR HOUSEHOLDS
spellingShingle	PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HONEY SORGHUM FOOD CONSUMPTION BREAD INCOME MILK POVERTY ESTIMATES POVERTY RATES EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES LOWER VALUES REGIONAL LEVEL CONSUMPTION DATA LUMP-SUM FOOD POLICY FAMILY MEMBERS PASTA POORER HOUSEHOLDS FOOD CONSUMPTION DATA SOCIAL PROGRAMS NATIONAL LEVEL CAPITA CONSUMPTION CALORIC INTAKE MEASURES SAFETY NETS REGION FERTILIZER PURCHASES HOUSEHOLD- LEVEL MAIZE STANDARD DEVIATION CASH TRANSFER SCHEME TRANSFER SCHEME SAVINGS CEREALS CROWDING OUT DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DATES GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS POLITICAL CONSTRAINTS TRANSFERS STANDARD ERRORS POOR AREAS FRUITS DIETARY DIVERSITY VEGETABLES NUTS SMALL NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS REGIONAL BREAKDOWN FOOD EXPENDITURES SOCIAL PROTECTION PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAMS PRICE SUBSIDIES RISK SHARING GRAINS CASH TRANSFERS PLANTING TIME HOUSEHOLD HEADS REGIONAL VARIATION MARKET PRICE CASH-FOR-WORK HOUSEHOLD LEVEL CONSUMPTION SOCIAL SAFETY NETS EMPLOYMENT GUARANTEE SCHEME DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH GROUP FOOD SECURITY SPICES CASH TRANSFER PROGRAM FATS INCOME SHOCKS FOOD ASSISTANCE TUBERS DELTA METHOD GEOGRAPHIC REGION SAFETY NET FOOD EXPENDITURE AGRICULTURE GEORGIA PLANTING SEASON CASH CROP FERTILIZER APPLICATION RURAL FERTILIZER USE NUTRITION WFP TRANSACTION COSTS REGIONAL TARGETING EGGS PUBLIC WORKS HOUSEHOLD BUDGET HIGHER INCIDENCE OF POVERTY RURAL EMPLOYMENT FOOD TRANSFER PROGRAMS CONDIMENTS AGRICULTURAL INPUTS SUGAR PRODUCTS FOOD INSECURITY TARGETING REGIONAL FOOD CONSUMPTION SMOOTHING COPING STRATEGY NUTRITION PROGRAMS IRRIGATION PROJECTS REGIONS AGRICULTURAL SEASON VILLAGE LEVEL SUGARS IRRIGATION LACK OF KNOWLEDGE HOUSEHOLDS DAILY WAGE POVERTY MEAT INCIDENCE OF POVERTY HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION MEAL FOOD AVAILABILITY AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY POOR FOODS PULSES NEGATIVE EXTERNALITIES CENTRAL REGION LOW WAGES CENTRAL REGIONS INEQUALITY SUGAR HOUSEHOLD-LEVEL POOR HOUSEHOLDS Beegle, Kathleen Galasso, Emanuela Goldberg, Jessica Direct and Indirect Effects of Malawi’s Public Works Program on Food Security
geographic_facet	Africa Malawi
relation	Policy Research Working Paper;No. 7505
description	Labor-intensive public works programs are important social protection tools in low-income settings, intended to supplement income of poor households and improve public infrastructure. In this evaluation of the Malawi Social Action Fund, an at-scale, government-operated program, across- and within-village randomization is used to estimate effects on food security and use of fertilizer. There is no evidence that the program improves food security, and some negative spillovers to untreated households. These disappointing results hold even under modifications to the design of the program to offer work during the lean rather than harvest season or increase the frequency of payments.
format	Working Paper
author	Beegle, Kathleen Galasso, Emanuela Goldberg, Jessica
author_facet	Beegle, Kathleen Galasso, Emanuela Goldberg, Jessica
author_sort	Beegle, Kathleen
title	Direct and Indirect Effects of Malawi’s Public Works Program on Food Security
title_short	Direct and Indirect Effects of Malawi’s Public Works Program on Food Security
title_full	Direct and Indirect Effects of Malawi’s Public Works Program on Food Security
title_fullStr	Direct and Indirect Effects of Malawi’s Public Works Program on Food Security
title_full_unstemmed	Direct and Indirect Effects of Malawi’s Public Works Program on Food Security
title_sort	direct and indirect effects of malawi’s public works program on food security
publisher	World Bank, Washington, DC
publishDate	2015
url	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/12/25513895/direct-indirect-effects-malawi’s-public-works-program-food-security http://hdl.handle.net/10986/23466
_version_	1764453922017116160

Direct and Indirect Effects of Malawi’s Public Works Program on Food Security

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