Women’s Police Stations and Domestic Violence : Evidence from Brazil

Although women’s police centers have been gaining popularity as a measure to address domestic violence, to date no quantitative evaluations of their impacts on the incidence of domestic violence or any other manifestations of gender equality have b...

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Main Authors:	Perova, Elizaveta, Reynolds, Sarah
Format:	Working Paper
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2015
Subjects:	CIVIL CONFLICT SOCIAL NORMS POLICY GOALS POLICY CONCERN COURT HOUSE SHADOW REPORT ABUSE DOMESTIC PARTNER DEATHS ACTS OF VIOLENCE LAWS PARTNER EXPERIENCE OF ABUSE LABOR FORCE SERVICES DRUGS DEATH INTIMATE PARTNER FAMILY MEMBERS HEALTH POLICY DISCUSSIONS AUTONOMY OF WOMEN HEALTH PROFESSIONALS NATIONAL PRIORITY NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS CRIME WILL BATTERED WOMEN HOSPITAL PUBLIC HEALTH HOME HEALTH SECTOR KNOWLEDGE COURTS PUBLIC POLICY SOCIAL IMPACT GENDER GAP DISEASES VICTIMS OF VIOLENCE ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS YOUNG AGE AT MARRIAGE GENDER GAP IN EDUCATION FEMALE VICTIM JUDGE RAPE MARRIAGES ADOPTION VIOLENCE PARTNER RELATIONSHIPS MALE LEGISLATION INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS MARRIAGE FAMILY HOME RESIDENCE SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS AGE AT MARRIAGE MORTALITY FORMS OF VIOLENCE RESPECT POLICE OFFICERS PROGRESS YOUNGER WOMEN SEXUAL ABUSE DOMESTIC VIOLENCE ELIMINATION OF VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN ACCESS TO JUSTICE POLICE FORCE YOUNG AGE POLICIES SOCIAL SERVICES SCHOOLS WOMAN FAMILY PSYCHOLOGICAL TREATMENT AGE POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER CRIMES GENDER DIVORCE POLICY MAKERS VICTIMS POPULATION DENSITY VICTIM FAMILY PLANNING FEWER CHILDREN POPULATIONS MOTHER QUALITY CONTROL POLICY OLDER WOMEN WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION ABUSIVE RELATIONSHIPS HUSBANDS HEALTH SYSTEM JUSTICE SEX HUMAN RIGHTS ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES DOMESTIC ABUSE CHILDREN FEMALES HUSBAND WAR FATHER ACCIDENTS EQUALITY NATIONAL PLAN VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN RURAL AREAS PARTNERS YOUNG WOMEN NATIONAL POLICY POPULATION LAW INTIMATE PARTNERS HOUSES URBAN WOMEN POLICY RESEARCH WOMEN INHERITANCE SEXUAL VIOLENCE IMPORTANT POLICY FEMALE WIFE IMPORTANCE OF EDUCATION GENDER EQUALITY SERVICE PROVIDERS DEVELOPMENT POLICY
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/11/25470471/women’s-police-stations-domestic-violence-evidence-brazil http://hdl.handle.net/10986/23461

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recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	okr-10986-234612021-04-23T14:04:15Z Women’s Police Stations and Domestic Violence : Evidence from Brazil Perova, Elizaveta Reynolds, Sarah CIVIL CONFLICT SOCIAL NORMS POLICY GOALS POLICY CONCERN COURT HOUSE SHADOW REPORT ABUSE DOMESTIC PARTNER DEATHS ACTS OF VIOLENCE LAWS PARTNER EXPERIENCE OF ABUSE LABOR FORCE SERVICES DRUGS DEATH INTIMATE PARTNER FAMILY MEMBERS HEALTH POLICY DISCUSSIONS AUTONOMY OF WOMEN HEALTH PROFESSIONALS NATIONAL PRIORITY NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS CRIME WILL BATTERED WOMEN HOSPITAL PUBLIC HEALTH HOME HEALTH SECTOR KNOWLEDGE COURTS PUBLIC POLICY SOCIAL IMPACT GENDER GAP DISEASES VICTIMS OF VIOLENCE ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS YOUNG AGE AT MARRIAGE GENDER GAP IN EDUCATION FEMALE VICTIM JUDGE RAPE MARRIAGES ADOPTION VIOLENCE PARTNER RELATIONSHIPS MALE LEGISLATION INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS MARRIAGE FAMILY HOME RESIDENCE SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS AGE AT MARRIAGE MORTALITY FORMS OF VIOLENCE RESPECT POLICE OFFICERS PROGRESS YOUNGER WOMEN SEXUAL ABUSE DOMESTIC VIOLENCE ELIMINATION OF VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN ACCESS TO JUSTICE POLICE FORCE YOUNG AGE POLICIES SOCIAL SERVICES SCHOOLS WOMAN FAMILY PSYCHOLOGICAL TREATMENT AGE POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER CRIMES GENDER DIVORCE POLICY MAKERS VICTIMS POPULATION DENSITY VICTIM FAMILY PLANNING FEWER CHILDREN POPULATIONS MOTHER QUALITY CONTROL POLICY OLDER WOMEN WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION ABUSIVE RELATIONSHIPS HUSBANDS HEALTH SYSTEM JUSTICE SEX HUMAN RIGHTS ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES DOMESTIC ABUSE CHILDREN FEMALES HUSBAND WAR FATHER ACCIDENTS EQUALITY NATIONAL PLAN VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN RURAL AREAS PARTNERS YOUNG WOMEN NATIONAL POLICY POPULATION LAW INTIMATE PARTNERS HOUSES URBAN WOMEN POLICY RESEARCH WOMEN INHERITANCE SEXUAL VIOLENCE IMPORTANT POLICY FEMALE WIFE IMPORTANCE OF EDUCATION GENDER EQUALITY SERVICE PROVIDERS DEVELOPMENT POLICY Although women’s police centers have been gaining popularity as a measure to address domestic violence, to date no quantitative evaluations of their impacts on the incidence of domestic violence or any other manifestations of gender equality have been done. This paper estimates the effects of women’s police stations in Brazil on female homicides, as a measure of the most severe form of domestic violence. Given that a high fraction of female deaths among women ages 15 to 49 years can be attributed to aggression by an intimate partner, female homicides appear the best available proxy for severe domestic violence considering the scarcity of data on domestic violence. The paper uses a panel of 2,074 municipalities and takes advantage of the gradual rollout of women’s police stations from 2004 to 2009, to estimate the effect of establishing a women’s police station on the municipal female homicide rate. Although the analysis does not find an association on average, women’s police stations appear to be highly effective among some groups of women: women living in metropolitan areas and younger women. Establishing a women’s police station in a metropolitan municipality is associated with a reduction in the homicide rate by 1.23 deaths per 100,000 women (which roughly amounts to a 17 percent reduction in the average homicide rate in metropolitan municipalities). The reduction in the homicide rate of women ages 15 to 24 is even higher: 5.57 deaths per 100,000 women. Qualitative work suggests that better economic opportunities and less traditional social norms in metropolitan areas may explain the heterogeneous impacts of women’s police stations in metropolitan areas and outside them. 2015-12-18T21:18:41Z 2015-12-18T21:18:41Z 2015-11 Working Paper http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/11/25470471/women’s-police-stations-domestic-violence-evidence-brazil http://hdl.handle.net/10986/23461 English en_US Policy Research Working Paper;No. 7497 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research Brazil
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English en_US
topic	CIVIL CONFLICT SOCIAL NORMS POLICY GOALS POLICY CONCERN COURT HOUSE SHADOW REPORT ABUSE DOMESTIC PARTNER DEATHS ACTS OF VIOLENCE LAWS PARTNER EXPERIENCE OF ABUSE LABOR FORCE SERVICES DRUGS DEATH INTIMATE PARTNER FAMILY MEMBERS HEALTH POLICY DISCUSSIONS AUTONOMY OF WOMEN HEALTH PROFESSIONALS NATIONAL PRIORITY NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS CRIME WILL BATTERED WOMEN HOSPITAL PUBLIC HEALTH HOME HEALTH SECTOR KNOWLEDGE COURTS PUBLIC POLICY SOCIAL IMPACT GENDER GAP DISEASES VICTIMS OF VIOLENCE ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS YOUNG AGE AT MARRIAGE GENDER GAP IN EDUCATION FEMALE VICTIM JUDGE RAPE MARRIAGES ADOPTION VIOLENCE PARTNER RELATIONSHIPS MALE LEGISLATION INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS MARRIAGE FAMILY HOME RESIDENCE SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS AGE AT MARRIAGE MORTALITY FORMS OF VIOLENCE RESPECT POLICE OFFICERS PROGRESS YOUNGER WOMEN SEXUAL ABUSE DOMESTIC VIOLENCE ELIMINATION OF VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN ACCESS TO JUSTICE POLICE FORCE YOUNG AGE POLICIES SOCIAL SERVICES SCHOOLS WOMAN FAMILY PSYCHOLOGICAL TREATMENT AGE POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER CRIMES GENDER DIVORCE POLICY MAKERS VICTIMS POPULATION DENSITY VICTIM FAMILY PLANNING FEWER CHILDREN POPULATIONS MOTHER QUALITY CONTROL POLICY OLDER WOMEN WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION ABUSIVE RELATIONSHIPS HUSBANDS HEALTH SYSTEM JUSTICE SEX HUMAN RIGHTS ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES DOMESTIC ABUSE CHILDREN FEMALES HUSBAND WAR FATHER ACCIDENTS EQUALITY NATIONAL PLAN VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN RURAL AREAS PARTNERS YOUNG WOMEN NATIONAL POLICY POPULATION LAW INTIMATE PARTNERS HOUSES URBAN WOMEN POLICY RESEARCH WOMEN INHERITANCE SEXUAL VIOLENCE IMPORTANT POLICY FEMALE WIFE IMPORTANCE OF EDUCATION GENDER EQUALITY SERVICE PROVIDERS DEVELOPMENT POLICY
spellingShingle	CIVIL CONFLICT SOCIAL NORMS POLICY GOALS POLICY CONCERN COURT HOUSE SHADOW REPORT ABUSE DOMESTIC PARTNER DEATHS ACTS OF VIOLENCE LAWS PARTNER EXPERIENCE OF ABUSE LABOR FORCE SERVICES DRUGS DEATH INTIMATE PARTNER FAMILY MEMBERS HEALTH POLICY DISCUSSIONS AUTONOMY OF WOMEN HEALTH PROFESSIONALS NATIONAL PRIORITY NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS CRIME WILL BATTERED WOMEN HOSPITAL PUBLIC HEALTH HOME HEALTH SECTOR KNOWLEDGE COURTS PUBLIC POLICY SOCIAL IMPACT GENDER GAP DISEASES VICTIMS OF VIOLENCE ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS YOUNG AGE AT MARRIAGE GENDER GAP IN EDUCATION FEMALE VICTIM JUDGE RAPE MARRIAGES ADOPTION VIOLENCE PARTNER RELATIONSHIPS MALE LEGISLATION INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS MARRIAGE FAMILY HOME RESIDENCE SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS AGE AT MARRIAGE MORTALITY FORMS OF VIOLENCE RESPECT POLICE OFFICERS PROGRESS YOUNGER WOMEN SEXUAL ABUSE DOMESTIC VIOLENCE ELIMINATION OF VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN ACCESS TO JUSTICE POLICE FORCE YOUNG AGE POLICIES SOCIAL SERVICES SCHOOLS WOMAN FAMILY PSYCHOLOGICAL TREATMENT AGE POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER CRIMES GENDER DIVORCE POLICY MAKERS VICTIMS POPULATION DENSITY VICTIM FAMILY PLANNING FEWER CHILDREN POPULATIONS MOTHER QUALITY CONTROL POLICY OLDER WOMEN WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION ABUSIVE RELATIONSHIPS HUSBANDS HEALTH SYSTEM JUSTICE SEX HUMAN RIGHTS ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES DOMESTIC ABUSE CHILDREN FEMALES HUSBAND WAR FATHER ACCIDENTS EQUALITY NATIONAL PLAN VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN RURAL AREAS PARTNERS YOUNG WOMEN NATIONAL POLICY POPULATION LAW INTIMATE PARTNERS HOUSES URBAN WOMEN POLICY RESEARCH WOMEN INHERITANCE SEXUAL VIOLENCE IMPORTANT POLICY FEMALE WIFE IMPORTANCE OF EDUCATION GENDER EQUALITY SERVICE PROVIDERS DEVELOPMENT POLICY Perova, Elizaveta Reynolds, Sarah Women’s Police Stations and Domestic Violence : Evidence from Brazil
geographic_facet	Brazil
relation	Policy Research Working Paper;No. 7497
description	Although women’s police centers have been gaining popularity as a measure to address domestic violence, to date no quantitative evaluations of their impacts on the incidence of domestic violence or any other manifestations of gender equality have been done. This paper estimates the effects of women’s police stations in Brazil on female homicides, as a measure of the most severe form of domestic violence. Given that a high fraction of female deaths among women ages 15 to 49 years can be attributed to aggression by an intimate partner, female homicides appear the best available proxy for severe domestic violence considering the scarcity of data on domestic violence. The paper uses a panel of 2,074 municipalities and takes advantage of the gradual rollout of women’s police stations from 2004 to 2009, to estimate the effect of establishing a women’s police station on the municipal female homicide rate. Although the analysis does not find an association on average, women’s police stations appear to be highly effective among some groups of women: women living in metropolitan areas and younger women. Establishing a women’s police station in a metropolitan municipality is associated with a reduction in the homicide rate by 1.23 deaths per 100,000 women (which roughly amounts to a 17 percent reduction in the average homicide rate in metropolitan municipalities). The reduction in the homicide rate of women ages 15 to 24 is even higher: 5.57 deaths per 100,000 women. Qualitative work suggests that better economic opportunities and less traditional social norms in metropolitan areas may explain the heterogeneous impacts of women’s police stations in metropolitan areas and outside them.
format	Working Paper
author	Perova, Elizaveta Reynolds, Sarah
author_facet	Perova, Elizaveta Reynolds, Sarah
author_sort	Perova, Elizaveta
title	Women’s Police Stations and Domestic Violence : Evidence from Brazil
title_short	Women’s Police Stations and Domestic Violence : Evidence from Brazil
title_full	Women’s Police Stations and Domestic Violence : Evidence from Brazil
title_fullStr	Women’s Police Stations and Domestic Violence : Evidence from Brazil
title_full_unstemmed	Women’s Police Stations and Domestic Violence : Evidence from Brazil
title_sort	women’s police stations and domestic violence : evidence from brazil
publisher	World Bank, Washington, DC
publishDate	2015
url	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/11/25470471/women’s-police-stations-domestic-violence-evidence-brazil http://hdl.handle.net/10986/23461
_version_	1764453905480024064

Women’s Police Stations and Domestic Violence : Evidence from Brazil

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