Unhappy Development : Dissatisfaction with Life on the Eve of the Arab Spring

Despite progress in economic and social development in the 2000s, there was an increasing dissatisfaction with life among the population of many developing Arab countries. At the end of the decade, these countries ranked among the least happy econo...

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Main Authors:	Arampatzi, Efstratia, Burger, Martijn, Ianchovichina, Elena, Röhricht, Tina, Veenhoven, Ruut
Format:	Working Paper
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2015
Subjects:	SANITATION LIVING STANDARDS JOBS EMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATES WORKFORCE ECONOMIC GROWTH OLD AGE POLITICAL ACTION ELEMENTARY EDUCATION INFORMAL SECTOR PUBLIC EDUCATION ECONOMIC JUSTICE EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES PERSONAL HEALTH GOOD GOVERNANCE DEVELOPING COUNTRIES PUBLIC SERVICES PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT INDIVIDUAL CHOICES HEALTH CARE YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT RATES JOB DEPRESSION EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS POLICY DISCUSSIONS DEVELOPMENT GOALS ADULT POPULATION PERSISTENT UNEMPLOYMENT JOB INSECURITY NATIONAL LEVEL SOCIAL SCIENCES GOVERNMENT SUPPORT PAID MATERNITY DRIVERS MATERNAL MORTALITY INEQUITIES KNOWLEDGE LABOR MARKET SOCIAL CONDITIONS OWNERSHIP STRUCTURES JOB OPPORTUNITIES LIFE EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EXOGENOUS VARIABLES WORKER PUBLIC SECTOR JOBS DEMOCRACY LIMITED JOB OPPORTUNITIES UNEMPLOYED MIGRATION MODERNIZATION JOB MARKET HOUSEHOLD INCOME SERVICE PROVISION MARRIAGE LABOR SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT RULE OF LAW MORTALITY EARNINGS GROWTH POLITICAL SUPPORT RESPECT PROGRESS UNEMPLOYMENT MIGRANT REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS WORKERS LABOR MARKET CONDITIONS POLICIES DOMESTIC MARKETS JOB STATUS BASIC NEEDS POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER CROSS-SECTIONAL DATA POLICY MAKERS LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL POLICY PERSONAL FREEDOM WORKSHOP EMPLOYMENT STATUS EMPLOYMENT GROWTH PRIVATE SECTOR COUNTRY-SPECIFIC FACTORS QUALITY SERVICES BULLETIN POLICY QUALITY OF LIFE CITIZENS CHILD MORTALITY PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT HUMAN RIGHTS ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES LEVEL OF EDUCATION DRINKING WATER NATURAL RESOURCE HUMAN NEEDS NUMBER OF CHILDREN ECONOMIC PROGRESS EMPLOYEE SOCIAL UNREST POLICY IMPLICATIONS YOUNG PEOPLE SOCIAL UPHEAVAL POPULATION MARITAL STATUS HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT POLITICAL SCIENTISTS STUDENTS LIVING CONDITIONS POLICY RESEARCH FOREIGN POLICY WOMEN YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT LABOR MARKETS MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS POLITICAL INSTABILITY FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS HUMAN DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT POLICY EMPLOYEES
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/11/25382796/unhappy-development-dissatisfaction-life-wake-arab-spring http://hdl.handle.net/10986/23452

id	okr-10986-23452
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	okr-10986-234522021-04-23T14:04:15Z Unhappy Development : Dissatisfaction with Life on the Eve of the Arab Spring Arampatzi, Efstratia Burger, Martijn Ianchovichina, Elena Röhricht, Tina Veenhoven, Ruut SANITATION LIVING STANDARDS JOBS EMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATES WORKFORCE ECONOMIC GROWTH OLD AGE POLITICAL ACTION ELEMENTARY EDUCATION INFORMAL SECTOR PUBLIC EDUCATION ECONOMIC JUSTICE EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES PERSONAL HEALTH GOOD GOVERNANCE DEVELOPING COUNTRIES PUBLIC SERVICES PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT INDIVIDUAL CHOICES HEALTH CARE YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT RATES JOB DEPRESSION EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS POLICY DISCUSSIONS DEVELOPMENT GOALS ADULT POPULATION PERSISTENT UNEMPLOYMENT JOB INSECURITY NATIONAL LEVEL SOCIAL SCIENCES GOVERNMENT SUPPORT PAID MATERNITY DRIVERS MATERNAL MORTALITY INEQUITIES KNOWLEDGE LABOR MARKET SOCIAL CONDITIONS OWNERSHIP STRUCTURES JOB OPPORTUNITIES LIFE EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EXOGENOUS VARIABLES WORKER PUBLIC SECTOR JOBS DEMOCRACY LIMITED JOB OPPORTUNITIES UNEMPLOYED MIGRATION MODERNIZATION JOB MARKET HOUSEHOLD INCOME SERVICE PROVISION MARRIAGE LABOR SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT RULE OF LAW MORTALITY EARNINGS GROWTH POLITICAL SUPPORT RESPECT PROGRESS UNEMPLOYMENT MIGRANT REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS WORKERS LABOR MARKET CONDITIONS POLICIES DOMESTIC MARKETS JOB STATUS BASIC NEEDS POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER CROSS-SECTIONAL DATA POLICY MAKERS LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL POLICY PERSONAL FREEDOM WORKSHOP EMPLOYMENT STATUS EMPLOYMENT GROWTH PRIVATE SECTOR COUNTRY-SPECIFIC FACTORS QUALITY SERVICES BULLETIN POLICY QUALITY OF LIFE CITIZENS CHILD MORTALITY PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT HUMAN RIGHTS ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES LEVEL OF EDUCATION DRINKING WATER NATURAL RESOURCE HUMAN NEEDS NUMBER OF CHILDREN ECONOMIC PROGRESS EMPLOYEE SOCIAL UNREST POLICY IMPLICATIONS YOUNG PEOPLE SOCIAL UPHEAVAL POPULATION MARITAL STATUS HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT POLITICAL SCIENTISTS STUDENTS LIVING CONDITIONS POLICY RESEARCH FOREIGN POLICY WOMEN YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT LABOR MARKETS MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS POLITICAL INSTABILITY FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS HUMAN DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT POLICY EMPLOYEES Despite progress in economic and social development in the 2000s, there was an increasing dissatisfaction with life among the population of many developing Arab countries. At the end of the decade, these countries ranked among the least happy economies in the world—a situation that fits the so-called “unhappy development” paradox. The paradox is defined as declining levels of happiness at a time of moderate-to-rapid economic development. This paper empirically tests the strength of association of a range of objective and subjective factors with life evaluation in the Middle East and North Africa region in the years immediately preceding the Arab Spring uprisings (2009–10). The findings suggest a significant, negative association between life satisfaction levels in the region during this period and each of the main perceived reasons for the 2011 uprisings—dissatisfaction with the standard of living, poor labor market conditions, and corruption. 2015-12-18T20:21:29Z 2015-12-18T20:21:29Z 2015-11 Working Paper http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/11/25382796/unhappy-development-dissatisfaction-life-wake-arab-spring http://hdl.handle.net/10986/23452 English en_US Policy Research Working Paper;No. 7488 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research Middle East and North Africa Middle East North Africa
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English en_US
topic	SANITATION LIVING STANDARDS JOBS EMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATES WORKFORCE ECONOMIC GROWTH OLD AGE POLITICAL ACTION ELEMENTARY EDUCATION INFORMAL SECTOR PUBLIC EDUCATION ECONOMIC JUSTICE EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES PERSONAL HEALTH GOOD GOVERNANCE DEVELOPING COUNTRIES PUBLIC SERVICES PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT INDIVIDUAL CHOICES HEALTH CARE YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT RATES JOB DEPRESSION EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS POLICY DISCUSSIONS DEVELOPMENT GOALS ADULT POPULATION PERSISTENT UNEMPLOYMENT JOB INSECURITY NATIONAL LEVEL SOCIAL SCIENCES GOVERNMENT SUPPORT PAID MATERNITY DRIVERS MATERNAL MORTALITY INEQUITIES KNOWLEDGE LABOR MARKET SOCIAL CONDITIONS OWNERSHIP STRUCTURES JOB OPPORTUNITIES LIFE EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EXOGENOUS VARIABLES WORKER PUBLIC SECTOR JOBS DEMOCRACY LIMITED JOB OPPORTUNITIES UNEMPLOYED MIGRATION MODERNIZATION JOB MARKET HOUSEHOLD INCOME SERVICE PROVISION MARRIAGE LABOR SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT RULE OF LAW MORTALITY EARNINGS GROWTH POLITICAL SUPPORT RESPECT PROGRESS UNEMPLOYMENT MIGRANT REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS WORKERS LABOR MARKET CONDITIONS POLICIES DOMESTIC MARKETS JOB STATUS BASIC NEEDS POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER CROSS-SECTIONAL DATA POLICY MAKERS LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL POLICY PERSONAL FREEDOM WORKSHOP EMPLOYMENT STATUS EMPLOYMENT GROWTH PRIVATE SECTOR COUNTRY-SPECIFIC FACTORS QUALITY SERVICES BULLETIN POLICY QUALITY OF LIFE CITIZENS CHILD MORTALITY PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT HUMAN RIGHTS ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES LEVEL OF EDUCATION DRINKING WATER NATURAL RESOURCE HUMAN NEEDS NUMBER OF CHILDREN ECONOMIC PROGRESS EMPLOYEE SOCIAL UNREST POLICY IMPLICATIONS YOUNG PEOPLE SOCIAL UPHEAVAL POPULATION MARITAL STATUS HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT POLITICAL SCIENTISTS STUDENTS LIVING CONDITIONS POLICY RESEARCH FOREIGN POLICY WOMEN YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT LABOR MARKETS MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS POLITICAL INSTABILITY FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS HUMAN DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT POLICY EMPLOYEES
spellingShingle	SANITATION LIVING STANDARDS JOBS EMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATES WORKFORCE ECONOMIC GROWTH OLD AGE POLITICAL ACTION ELEMENTARY EDUCATION INFORMAL SECTOR PUBLIC EDUCATION ECONOMIC JUSTICE EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES PERSONAL HEALTH GOOD GOVERNANCE DEVELOPING COUNTRIES PUBLIC SERVICES PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT INDIVIDUAL CHOICES HEALTH CARE YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT RATES JOB DEPRESSION EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS POLICY DISCUSSIONS DEVELOPMENT GOALS ADULT POPULATION PERSISTENT UNEMPLOYMENT JOB INSECURITY NATIONAL LEVEL SOCIAL SCIENCES GOVERNMENT SUPPORT PAID MATERNITY DRIVERS MATERNAL MORTALITY INEQUITIES KNOWLEDGE LABOR MARKET SOCIAL CONDITIONS OWNERSHIP STRUCTURES JOB OPPORTUNITIES LIFE EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EXOGENOUS VARIABLES WORKER PUBLIC SECTOR JOBS DEMOCRACY LIMITED JOB OPPORTUNITIES UNEMPLOYED MIGRATION MODERNIZATION JOB MARKET HOUSEHOLD INCOME SERVICE PROVISION MARRIAGE LABOR SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT RULE OF LAW MORTALITY EARNINGS GROWTH POLITICAL SUPPORT RESPECT PROGRESS UNEMPLOYMENT MIGRANT REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS WORKERS LABOR MARKET CONDITIONS POLICIES DOMESTIC MARKETS JOB STATUS BASIC NEEDS POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER CROSS-SECTIONAL DATA POLICY MAKERS LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL POLICY PERSONAL FREEDOM WORKSHOP EMPLOYMENT STATUS EMPLOYMENT GROWTH PRIVATE SECTOR COUNTRY-SPECIFIC FACTORS QUALITY SERVICES BULLETIN POLICY QUALITY OF LIFE CITIZENS CHILD MORTALITY PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT HUMAN RIGHTS ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES LEVEL OF EDUCATION DRINKING WATER NATURAL RESOURCE HUMAN NEEDS NUMBER OF CHILDREN ECONOMIC PROGRESS EMPLOYEE SOCIAL UNREST POLICY IMPLICATIONS YOUNG PEOPLE SOCIAL UPHEAVAL POPULATION MARITAL STATUS HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT POLITICAL SCIENTISTS STUDENTS LIVING CONDITIONS POLICY RESEARCH FOREIGN POLICY WOMEN YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT LABOR MARKETS MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS POLITICAL INSTABILITY FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS HUMAN DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT POLICY EMPLOYEES Arampatzi, Efstratia Burger, Martijn Ianchovichina, Elena Röhricht, Tina Veenhoven, Ruut Unhappy Development : Dissatisfaction with Life on the Eve of the Arab Spring
geographic_facet	Middle East and North Africa Middle East North Africa
relation	Policy Research Working Paper;No. 7488
description	Despite progress in economic and social development in the 2000s, there was an increasing dissatisfaction with life among the population of many developing Arab countries. At the end of the decade, these countries ranked among the least happy economies in the world—a situation that fits the so-called “unhappy development” paradox. The paradox is defined as declining levels of happiness at a time of moderate-to-rapid economic development. This paper empirically tests the strength of association of a range of objective and subjective factors with life evaluation in the Middle East and North Africa region in the years immediately preceding the Arab Spring uprisings (2009–10). The findings suggest a significant, negative association between life satisfaction levels in the region during this period and each of the main perceived reasons for the 2011 uprisings—dissatisfaction with the standard of living, poor labor market conditions, and corruption.
format	Working Paper
author	Arampatzi, Efstratia Burger, Martijn Ianchovichina, Elena Röhricht, Tina Veenhoven, Ruut
author_facet	Arampatzi, Efstratia Burger, Martijn Ianchovichina, Elena Röhricht, Tina Veenhoven, Ruut
author_sort	Arampatzi, Efstratia
title	Unhappy Development : Dissatisfaction with Life on the Eve of the Arab Spring
title_short	Unhappy Development : Dissatisfaction with Life on the Eve of the Arab Spring
title_full	Unhappy Development : Dissatisfaction with Life on the Eve of the Arab Spring
title_fullStr	Unhappy Development : Dissatisfaction with Life on the Eve of the Arab Spring
title_full_unstemmed	Unhappy Development : Dissatisfaction with Life on the Eve of the Arab Spring
title_sort	unhappy development : dissatisfaction with life on the eve of the arab spring
publisher	World Bank, Washington, DC
publishDate	2015
url	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/11/25382796/unhappy-development-dissatisfaction-life-wake-arab-spring http://hdl.handle.net/10986/23452
_version_	1764453880562712576

Unhappy Development : Dissatisfaction with Life on the Eve of the Arab Spring

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