Households or Locations? : Cities, Catchment Areas and Prosperity in India

Policy makers in developing countries, including India, are increasingly sensitive to the links between spatial transformation and economic development. However, the empirical knowledge available on those links is most often insufficient to guide p...

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Main Authors: Li, Yue, Rama, Martin
Format: Working Paper
Language:English
en_US
Published: World Bank, Washington, DC 2015
Subjects:
Online Access:http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/11/25249674/households-or-locations-cities-catchment-areas-prosperity-india
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/23445
id okr-10986-23445
recordtype oai_dc
repository_type Digital Repository
institution_category Foreign Institution
institution Digital Repositories
building World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection World Bank
language English
en_US
topic COUNTRYSIDE
LIVING STANDARDS
HOUSEHOLD_SIZE
HOUSEHOLD SURVEY
HOUSEHOLD SIZE
POPULATION CENSUSES
LANDHOLDINGS
ECONOMIC GROWTH
VILLAGES
WORKING-AGE POPULATION
URBANIZATION
URBAN GROWTH
INCOME
RURAL GROUPS
LABOR FORCE
SERVICES
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
DISCRIMINATION
PUBLIC SERVICES
HOUSING
POLITICAL ECONOMY
NEIGHBORHOOD
HEALTH
INDIVIDUAL HOUSEHOLDS
POLICY DISCUSSIONS
POOR PEOPLE
NEIGHBORHOODS
PUBLICATIONS
TERTIARY LEVELS
CITIES
FARM HOUSEHOLDS
TOWNS
GLOBAL POVERTY
SOCIAL ASSISTANCE
RURAL POPULATION
POPULATION SIZE
RURAL PLACES
MEASURES
RENTS
POVERTY REDUCTION
WORK EXPERIENCE
KNOWLEDGE
LABOR MARKET
RURAL POPULATIONS
SAVINGS
JOB OPPORTUNITIES
DWELLING
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
HOUSEHOLD HEAD
URBAN FRINGE
RENT
SIZEABLE POPULATION
METROPOLITAN AREAS
EXTERNALITIES
MIGRATION
TRANSFERS
POOR AREAS
MARKETS
HOUSEHOLD INCOME
AGGLOMERATION ECONOMICS
NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS
POVERTY MAPS
HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS
LABOR
FARMERS
POLICY DECISIONS
RURAL ROADS
NATURAL RESOURCES
HOUSEHOLD ASSETS
DESIGN
DWELLING UNITS
PROGRESS
UNEMPLOYMENT
HOUSEHOLD LEVEL
HUMAN CAPITAL
MIGRANT
TRANSPORTATION
HIGHER INEQUALITY
PARTICIPATION
POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER
RURAL AREA
GENDER
POLICY MAKERS
URBAN ENVIRONMENTS
LARGE CITIES
URBAN CENTERS
POPULATION DENSITY
URBAN AREAS
HOUSEHOLD
HOME AFFAIRS
URBAN AREA
EMPLOYMENT STATUS
EXPENDITURES
DISADVANTAGED GROUPS
RURAL
MARKET
POPULATIONS
URBAN DEVELOPMENT
POLICY
QUALITY OF LIFE
AFFORDABLE HOUSING
GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS
ECONOMIC INEQUALITY
TARGETING
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
MINORITY
LAND
NATURAL RESOURCE
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION
HOUSEHOLDS
CENSUSES
AGGLOMERATION ECONOMIES
ACCESS TO SERVICES
SOCIAL GROUP
RURAL AREAS
POVERTY
FEMALE LABOR FORCE
HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION
POPULATION
INTERVENTIONS
POLICY RESEARCH
CATCHMENT AREA
POOR
URBAN ECONOMICS
REMITTANCES
LABOR MARKETS
URBAN
POVERTY ASSESSMENTS
URBANIZATION PROCESS
SECONDARY EDUCATION
FEMALE
TERTIARY EDUCATION
DISTRICTS
PUBLIC AFFAIRS
URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS
POVERTY ANALYSIS
URBAN STUDIES
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
DEVELOPMENT POLICY
INEQUALITY
URBAN AGGLOMERATION ECONOMIES
spellingShingle COUNTRYSIDE
LIVING STANDARDS
HOUSEHOLD_SIZE
HOUSEHOLD SURVEY
HOUSEHOLD SIZE
POPULATION CENSUSES
LANDHOLDINGS
ECONOMIC GROWTH
VILLAGES
WORKING-AGE POPULATION
URBANIZATION
URBAN GROWTH
INCOME
RURAL GROUPS
LABOR FORCE
SERVICES
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
DISCRIMINATION
PUBLIC SERVICES
HOUSING
POLITICAL ECONOMY
NEIGHBORHOOD
HEALTH
INDIVIDUAL HOUSEHOLDS
POLICY DISCUSSIONS
POOR PEOPLE
NEIGHBORHOODS
PUBLICATIONS
TERTIARY LEVELS
CITIES
FARM HOUSEHOLDS
TOWNS
GLOBAL POVERTY
SOCIAL ASSISTANCE
RURAL POPULATION
POPULATION SIZE
RURAL PLACES
MEASURES
RENTS
POVERTY REDUCTION
WORK EXPERIENCE
KNOWLEDGE
LABOR MARKET
RURAL POPULATIONS
SAVINGS
JOB OPPORTUNITIES
DWELLING
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
HOUSEHOLD HEAD
URBAN FRINGE
RENT
SIZEABLE POPULATION
METROPOLITAN AREAS
EXTERNALITIES
MIGRATION
TRANSFERS
POOR AREAS
MARKETS
HOUSEHOLD INCOME
AGGLOMERATION ECONOMICS
NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS
POVERTY MAPS
HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS
LABOR
FARMERS
POLICY DECISIONS
RURAL ROADS
NATURAL RESOURCES
HOUSEHOLD ASSETS
DESIGN
DWELLING UNITS
PROGRESS
UNEMPLOYMENT
HOUSEHOLD LEVEL
HUMAN CAPITAL
MIGRANT
TRANSPORTATION
HIGHER INEQUALITY
PARTICIPATION
POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER
RURAL AREA
GENDER
POLICY MAKERS
URBAN ENVIRONMENTS
LARGE CITIES
URBAN CENTERS
POPULATION DENSITY
URBAN AREAS
HOUSEHOLD
HOME AFFAIRS
URBAN AREA
EMPLOYMENT STATUS
EXPENDITURES
DISADVANTAGED GROUPS
RURAL
MARKET
POPULATIONS
URBAN DEVELOPMENT
POLICY
QUALITY OF LIFE
AFFORDABLE HOUSING
GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS
ECONOMIC INEQUALITY
TARGETING
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
MINORITY
LAND
NATURAL RESOURCE
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION
HOUSEHOLDS
CENSUSES
AGGLOMERATION ECONOMIES
ACCESS TO SERVICES
SOCIAL GROUP
RURAL AREAS
POVERTY
FEMALE LABOR FORCE
HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION
POPULATION
INTERVENTIONS
POLICY RESEARCH
CATCHMENT AREA
POOR
URBAN ECONOMICS
REMITTANCES
LABOR MARKETS
URBAN
POVERTY ASSESSMENTS
URBANIZATION PROCESS
SECONDARY EDUCATION
FEMALE
TERTIARY EDUCATION
DISTRICTS
PUBLIC AFFAIRS
URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS
POVERTY ANALYSIS
URBAN STUDIES
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
DEVELOPMENT POLICY
INEQUALITY
URBAN AGGLOMERATION ECONOMIES
Li, Yue
Rama, Martin
Households or Locations? : Cities, Catchment Areas and Prosperity in India
geographic_facet South Asia
India
relation Policy Research Working Paper;No. 7473
description Policy makers in developing countries, including India, are increasingly sensitive to the links between spatial transformation and economic development. However, the empirical knowledge available on those links is most often insufficient to guide policy decisions. There is no shortage of case studies on urban agglomerations of different sorts, or of benchmarking exercises for states and districts, but more systematic evidence is scarce. To help address this gap, this paper combines insights from poverty analysis and urban economics, and develops a methodology to assess spatial performance with a high degree of granularity. This methodology is applied to India, where individual household survey records are mapped to “places” (both rural and urban) below the district level. The analysis disentangles the contributions household characteristics and locations make to labor earnings, proxied by nominal household expenditure per capita. The paper shows that one-third of the variation in predicted labor earnings is explained by the locations where households reside and by the interaction between these locations and household characteristics such as education. In parallel, this methodology provides a workable metric to describe spatial productivity patterns across India. The paper shows that there is a gradation of spatial performance across places, rather than a clear rural-urban divide. It also finds that distance matters: places with higher productivity are close to each other, but some spread their prosperity over much broader areas than others. Using the spatial distribution of this metric across India, the paper further classifies places at below-district level into four tiers: top locations, their catchment areas, average locations, and bottom locations. The analysis finds that some small cities are among the top locations, while some large cities are not. It also finds that top locations and their catchment areas include many high-performing rural places, and are not necessarily more unequal than average locations. Preliminary analysis reveals that these top locations and their catchment areas display characteristics that are generally believed to drive agglomeration economies and contribute to faster productivity growth.
format Working Paper
author Li, Yue
Rama, Martin
author_facet Li, Yue
Rama, Martin
author_sort Li, Yue
title Households or Locations? : Cities, Catchment Areas and Prosperity in India
title_short Households or Locations? : Cities, Catchment Areas and Prosperity in India
title_full Households or Locations? : Cities, Catchment Areas and Prosperity in India
title_fullStr Households or Locations? : Cities, Catchment Areas and Prosperity in India
title_full_unstemmed Households or Locations? : Cities, Catchment Areas and Prosperity in India
title_sort households or locations? : cities, catchment areas and prosperity in india
publisher World Bank, Washington, DC
publishDate 2015
url http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/11/25249674/households-or-locations-cities-catchment-areas-prosperity-india
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/23445
_version_ 1764453830110478336
spelling okr-10986-234452021-06-14T10:19:43Z Households or Locations? : Cities, Catchment Areas and Prosperity in India Li, Yue Rama, Martin COUNTRYSIDE LIVING STANDARDS HOUSEHOLD_SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SIZE POPULATION CENSUSES LANDHOLDINGS ECONOMIC GROWTH VILLAGES WORKING-AGE POPULATION URBANIZATION URBAN GROWTH INCOME RURAL GROUPS LABOR FORCE SERVICES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DISCRIMINATION PUBLIC SERVICES HOUSING POLITICAL ECONOMY NEIGHBORHOOD HEALTH INDIVIDUAL HOUSEHOLDS POLICY DISCUSSIONS POOR PEOPLE NEIGHBORHOODS PUBLICATIONS TERTIARY LEVELS CITIES FARM HOUSEHOLDS TOWNS GLOBAL POVERTY SOCIAL ASSISTANCE RURAL POPULATION POPULATION SIZE RURAL PLACES MEASURES RENTS POVERTY REDUCTION WORK EXPERIENCE KNOWLEDGE LABOR MARKET RURAL POPULATIONS SAVINGS JOB OPPORTUNITIES DWELLING EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT HOUSEHOLD HEAD URBAN FRINGE RENT SIZEABLE POPULATION METROPOLITAN AREAS EXTERNALITIES MIGRATION TRANSFERS POOR AREAS MARKETS HOUSEHOLD INCOME AGGLOMERATION ECONOMICS NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS POVERTY MAPS HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS LABOR FARMERS POLICY DECISIONS RURAL ROADS NATURAL RESOURCES HOUSEHOLD ASSETS DESIGN DWELLING UNITS PROGRESS UNEMPLOYMENT HOUSEHOLD LEVEL HUMAN CAPITAL MIGRANT TRANSPORTATION HIGHER INEQUALITY PARTICIPATION POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER RURAL AREA GENDER POLICY MAKERS URBAN ENVIRONMENTS LARGE CITIES URBAN CENTERS POPULATION DENSITY URBAN AREAS HOUSEHOLD HOME AFFAIRS URBAN AREA EMPLOYMENT STATUS EXPENDITURES DISADVANTAGED GROUPS RURAL MARKET POPULATIONS URBAN DEVELOPMENT POLICY QUALITY OF LIFE AFFORDABLE HOUSING GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS ECONOMIC INEQUALITY TARGETING ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT MINORITY LAND NATURAL RESOURCE SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION HOUSEHOLDS CENSUSES AGGLOMERATION ECONOMIES ACCESS TO SERVICES SOCIAL GROUP RURAL AREAS POVERTY FEMALE LABOR FORCE HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION POPULATION INTERVENTIONS POLICY RESEARCH CATCHMENT AREA POOR URBAN ECONOMICS REMITTANCES LABOR MARKETS URBAN POVERTY ASSESSMENTS URBANIZATION PROCESS SECONDARY EDUCATION FEMALE TERTIARY EDUCATION DISTRICTS PUBLIC AFFAIRS URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS POVERTY ANALYSIS URBAN STUDIES HUMAN DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT POLICY INEQUALITY URBAN AGGLOMERATION ECONOMIES Policy makers in developing countries, including India, are increasingly sensitive to the links between spatial transformation and economic development. However, the empirical knowledge available on those links is most often insufficient to guide policy decisions. There is no shortage of case studies on urban agglomerations of different sorts, or of benchmarking exercises for states and districts, but more systematic evidence is scarce. To help address this gap, this paper combines insights from poverty analysis and urban economics, and develops a methodology to assess spatial performance with a high degree of granularity. This methodology is applied to India, where individual household survey records are mapped to “places” (both rural and urban) below the district level. The analysis disentangles the contributions household characteristics and locations make to labor earnings, proxied by nominal household expenditure per capita. The paper shows that one-third of the variation in predicted labor earnings is explained by the locations where households reside and by the interaction between these locations and household characteristics such as education. In parallel, this methodology provides a workable metric to describe spatial productivity patterns across India. The paper shows that there is a gradation of spatial performance across places, rather than a clear rural-urban divide. It also finds that distance matters: places with higher productivity are close to each other, but some spread their prosperity over much broader areas than others. Using the spatial distribution of this metric across India, the paper further classifies places at below-district level into four tiers: top locations, their catchment areas, average locations, and bottom locations. The analysis finds that some small cities are among the top locations, while some large cities are not. It also finds that top locations and their catchment areas include many high-performing rural places, and are not necessarily more unequal than average locations. Preliminary analysis reveals that these top locations and their catchment areas display characteristics that are generally believed to drive agglomeration economies and contribute to faster productivity growth. 2015-12-18T19:46:17Z 2015-12-18T19:46:17Z 2015-11 Working Paper http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/11/25249674/households-or-locations-cities-catchment-areas-prosperity-india http://hdl.handle.net/10986/23445 English en_US Policy Research Working Paper;No. 7473 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research South Asia India