Assessing the Economic Impact of the ECOWAS CET and Economic Partnership Agreement on Ghana
Ghana is currently facing two major trade policy adjustments - the economic community of West African states (ECOWAS) common external tariff (CET) is a significant milestone within the long history of regional integration in West Africa. In additio...
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| Format: | Working Paper |
| Language: | English en_US |
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World Bank, Washington, DC
2015
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/11/25465332/assessing-economic-impact-ecowas-cet-economic-partnership-agreement-ghana http://hdl.handle.net/10986/23242 |
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okr-10986-23242 |
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| recordtype |
oai_dc |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
TARIFFS EXPORT MARKETS SUBSTITUTION TARIFF RATES TARIFF PROTECTION TRADE EFFECTS MARKET DISTORTIONS PRICE INCREASES TRADE STRUCTURE EXPORT SECTORS SALES TRADE BARRIERS CHANGES IN TRADE IMPACT OF TRADE DOMESTIC INDUSTRIES EXPORTS DOMESTIC MARKET TRADE FLOWS EXPORTERS EXPORT PRICES DEMAND ELASTICITIES MARKET SIZE DISTRIBUTION TRADE REFORMS PREFERENTIAL MARGIN PRICE INTERMEDIATE PRODUCTS MARKET ACCESS INPUT PRICES FREE TRADE PREFERENTIAL ACCESS ZERO TARIFFS TRADE AGREEMENTS CUSTOMS PROCEDURES DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION COMPETITIVE PRICE LABOR MARKET ADVERTISING INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS DEMAND ELASTICITY REDUCTION IN TARIFFS REGIONAL TRADE AVERAGE TARIFFS VALUE OF IMPORTS TARIFF REDUCTION PRODUCTS FREE ACCESS TARIFF REVENUES MARKETS TARIFF REDUCTIONS METAL PRODUCTS PREFERENTIAL TARIFF REDUCTION ACCESS TRADE MODELS WELFARE GAINS TRADE POLICY PRODUCT EXPORT DIVERSIFICATION GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT SUPPLY ELASTICITY EXPORT MARKET COUNTRY MARKETS SUBSTITUTES IMPORT TARIFFS PRICE CHANGE EXPENDITURE COMMON MARKET TRADE MORE CONSUMPTION IMPORT MARKETS INTERNATIONAL TRADE REGIONALISM VALUE COMPETITIVENESS FREE MARKET CONCESSIONS DEMAND IMPORT BANS COMPETITIVENESS OF FIRMS TRADE REFORM EXTERNAL TARIFF CONSUMER PRICE INTERMEDIATE GOODS PRICE CHANGES PRICE EFFECT TRADE AREA TRADE FACILITATION AVERAGE PRICE OPENNESS REAL EXCHANGE RATE MARKET TRADE LIBERALIZATION PROCESS OF ADJUSTMENT PREFERENTIAL TREATMENT TRADE DIVERSION CAPITAL GOODS AVERAGE TARIFF TRADE DATA REGIONAL INTEGRATION TRADE TRADE PARTNERS MARKET SHARE PRICE OF IMPORTS SUBSTITUTION EFFECT TARIFF SCHEDULE DOMESTIC PRODUCTION COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE APPAREL INDUSTRY MARGINAL EFFECTS TARIFF INTERNATIONAL PRICES SUPPLY FREE TRADE AREA WAREHOUSES TRADE PARTNER TARIFF REVENUE CONSUMER PRICES PREFERENTIAL TARIFF RULES OF ORIGIN TARIFF RATE SUPPLIERS INTERMEDIATE INPUTS TRANSPORT COSTS APPAREL IMPORT VALUE IMPORT DUTIES TRADE REGIME INTERNATIONAL MARKETS ZERO TARIFF PRICES |
| spellingShingle |
TARIFFS EXPORT MARKETS SUBSTITUTION TARIFF RATES TARIFF PROTECTION TRADE EFFECTS MARKET DISTORTIONS PRICE INCREASES TRADE STRUCTURE EXPORT SECTORS SALES TRADE BARRIERS CHANGES IN TRADE IMPACT OF TRADE DOMESTIC INDUSTRIES EXPORTS DOMESTIC MARKET TRADE FLOWS EXPORTERS EXPORT PRICES DEMAND ELASTICITIES MARKET SIZE DISTRIBUTION TRADE REFORMS PREFERENTIAL MARGIN PRICE INTERMEDIATE PRODUCTS MARKET ACCESS INPUT PRICES FREE TRADE PREFERENTIAL ACCESS ZERO TARIFFS TRADE AGREEMENTS CUSTOMS PROCEDURES DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION COMPETITIVE PRICE LABOR MARKET ADVERTISING INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS DEMAND ELASTICITY REDUCTION IN TARIFFS REGIONAL TRADE AVERAGE TARIFFS VALUE OF IMPORTS TARIFF REDUCTION PRODUCTS FREE ACCESS TARIFF REVENUES MARKETS TARIFF REDUCTIONS METAL PRODUCTS PREFERENTIAL TARIFF REDUCTION ACCESS TRADE MODELS WELFARE GAINS TRADE POLICY PRODUCT EXPORT DIVERSIFICATION GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT SUPPLY ELASTICITY EXPORT MARKET COUNTRY MARKETS SUBSTITUTES IMPORT TARIFFS PRICE CHANGE EXPENDITURE COMMON MARKET TRADE MORE CONSUMPTION IMPORT MARKETS INTERNATIONAL TRADE REGIONALISM VALUE COMPETITIVENESS FREE MARKET CONCESSIONS DEMAND IMPORT BANS COMPETITIVENESS OF FIRMS TRADE REFORM EXTERNAL TARIFF CONSUMER PRICE INTERMEDIATE GOODS PRICE CHANGES PRICE EFFECT TRADE AREA TRADE FACILITATION AVERAGE PRICE OPENNESS REAL EXCHANGE RATE MARKET TRADE LIBERALIZATION PROCESS OF ADJUSTMENT PREFERENTIAL TREATMENT TRADE DIVERSION CAPITAL GOODS AVERAGE TARIFF TRADE DATA REGIONAL INTEGRATION TRADE TRADE PARTNERS MARKET SHARE PRICE OF IMPORTS SUBSTITUTION EFFECT TARIFF SCHEDULE DOMESTIC PRODUCTION COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE APPAREL INDUSTRY MARGINAL EFFECTS TARIFF INTERNATIONAL PRICES SUPPLY FREE TRADE AREA WAREHOUSES TRADE PARTNER TARIFF REVENUE CONSUMER PRICES PREFERENTIAL TARIFF RULES OF ORIGIN TARIFF RATE SUPPLIERS INTERMEDIATE INPUTS TRANSPORT COSTS APPAREL IMPORT VALUE IMPORT DUTIES TRADE REGIME INTERNATIONAL MARKETS ZERO TARIFF PRICES World Bank Group Assessing the Economic Impact of the ECOWAS CET and Economic Partnership Agreement on Ghana |
| geographic_facet |
Africa Ghana |
| description |
Ghana is currently facing two major
trade policy adjustments - the economic community of West
African states (ECOWAS) common external tariff (CET) is a
significant milestone within the long history of regional
integration in West Africa. In addition to the CET, Ghana
faces the economic partnership agreement (EPA) with the
European Union, which has been designed to build on the CET
in West Africa. This study aims to enhance the debate by
presenting an intuitive and data-driven technical
perspective on the likely effects of the CET and the EPA.
The study seeks to improve the information available to
policy makers in Ghana. This is highly relevant, as the CET
currently awaits parliamentary approval and the EPA will
soon also require ratification. The study also aims to
expand the information with which policy makers can develop
accompanying policies to support and derive maximum benefit
from the CET and EPA trade reforms. The first stage of the
study employs the trade reform impact simulation tool
(TRIST), which was developed by the World Bank. The study
uses the finalized CET and EPA tariff schedules at the most
detailed (10-digit) tariff line level, and 2013 customs
excise and preventive service (CEPS) data on imports,
exemption rates, tariff revenue, value-added tax (VAT), and
national health insurance levy (NHIL) revenue, excise duty,
and the over-age penalty for vehicles. The report presents
the results for six scenarios: (1) the effect of the CET
only, which is to be implemented before the end of 2015; the
effect of each stage of the EPA implemented on top of the
CET, (2) CET + EPA2020, (3) CET + EPA2025, (4) CET +
EPA2030, (5) CET + EPA2035, and (6) the net effect of the
EPA, where the EPA is implemented from a baseline where the
CET is already in place (EPA2035 from CET). The study is
structured as follows: section one gives introduction.
Section two summarizes the market access content of the CET
and EPA. Section three analyzes the effects of each reform
on revenues and imports, section four looks at the effects
on consumers, and section five examines the effects on
firms’ competitiveness and jobs. Section six looks at
potential accompanying measures and section seven concludes. |
| format |
Working Paper |
| author |
World Bank Group |
| author_facet |
World Bank Group |
| author_sort |
World Bank Group |
| title |
Assessing the Economic Impact of the ECOWAS CET and Economic Partnership Agreement on Ghana |
| title_short |
Assessing the Economic Impact of the ECOWAS CET and Economic Partnership Agreement on Ghana |
| title_full |
Assessing the Economic Impact of the ECOWAS CET and Economic Partnership Agreement on Ghana |
| title_fullStr |
Assessing the Economic Impact of the ECOWAS CET and Economic Partnership Agreement on Ghana |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Assessing the Economic Impact of the ECOWAS CET and Economic Partnership Agreement on Ghana |
| title_sort |
assessing the economic impact of the ecowas cet and economic partnership agreement on ghana |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2015 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/11/25465332/assessing-economic-impact-ecowas-cet-economic-partnership-agreement-ghana http://hdl.handle.net/10986/23242 |
| _version_ |
1764453491306135552 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-232422021-04-23T14:04:13Z Assessing the Economic Impact of the ECOWAS CET and Economic Partnership Agreement on Ghana World Bank Group TARIFFS EXPORT MARKETS SUBSTITUTION TARIFF RATES TARIFF PROTECTION TRADE EFFECTS MARKET DISTORTIONS PRICE INCREASES TRADE STRUCTURE EXPORT SECTORS SALES TRADE BARRIERS CHANGES IN TRADE IMPACT OF TRADE DOMESTIC INDUSTRIES EXPORTS DOMESTIC MARKET TRADE FLOWS EXPORTERS EXPORT PRICES DEMAND ELASTICITIES MARKET SIZE DISTRIBUTION TRADE REFORMS PREFERENTIAL MARGIN PRICE INTERMEDIATE PRODUCTS MARKET ACCESS INPUT PRICES FREE TRADE PREFERENTIAL ACCESS ZERO TARIFFS TRADE AGREEMENTS CUSTOMS PROCEDURES DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION COMPETITIVE PRICE LABOR MARKET ADVERTISING INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS DEMAND ELASTICITY REDUCTION IN TARIFFS REGIONAL TRADE AVERAGE TARIFFS VALUE OF IMPORTS TARIFF REDUCTION PRODUCTS FREE ACCESS TARIFF REVENUES MARKETS TARIFF REDUCTIONS METAL PRODUCTS PREFERENTIAL TARIFF REDUCTION ACCESS TRADE MODELS WELFARE GAINS TRADE POLICY PRODUCT EXPORT DIVERSIFICATION GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT SUPPLY ELASTICITY EXPORT MARKET COUNTRY MARKETS SUBSTITUTES IMPORT TARIFFS PRICE CHANGE EXPENDITURE COMMON MARKET TRADE MORE CONSUMPTION IMPORT MARKETS INTERNATIONAL TRADE REGIONALISM VALUE COMPETITIVENESS FREE MARKET CONCESSIONS DEMAND IMPORT BANS COMPETITIVENESS OF FIRMS TRADE REFORM EXTERNAL TARIFF CONSUMER PRICE INTERMEDIATE GOODS PRICE CHANGES PRICE EFFECT TRADE AREA TRADE FACILITATION AVERAGE PRICE OPENNESS REAL EXCHANGE RATE MARKET TRADE LIBERALIZATION PROCESS OF ADJUSTMENT PREFERENTIAL TREATMENT TRADE DIVERSION CAPITAL GOODS AVERAGE TARIFF TRADE DATA REGIONAL INTEGRATION TRADE TRADE PARTNERS MARKET SHARE PRICE OF IMPORTS SUBSTITUTION EFFECT TARIFF SCHEDULE DOMESTIC PRODUCTION COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE APPAREL INDUSTRY MARGINAL EFFECTS TARIFF INTERNATIONAL PRICES SUPPLY FREE TRADE AREA WAREHOUSES TRADE PARTNER TARIFF REVENUE CONSUMER PRICES PREFERENTIAL TARIFF RULES OF ORIGIN TARIFF RATE SUPPLIERS INTERMEDIATE INPUTS TRANSPORT COSTS APPAREL IMPORT VALUE IMPORT DUTIES TRADE REGIME INTERNATIONAL MARKETS ZERO TARIFF PRICES Ghana is currently facing two major trade policy adjustments - the economic community of West African states (ECOWAS) common external tariff (CET) is a significant milestone within the long history of regional integration in West Africa. In addition to the CET, Ghana faces the economic partnership agreement (EPA) with the European Union, which has been designed to build on the CET in West Africa. This study aims to enhance the debate by presenting an intuitive and data-driven technical perspective on the likely effects of the CET and the EPA. The study seeks to improve the information available to policy makers in Ghana. This is highly relevant, as the CET currently awaits parliamentary approval and the EPA will soon also require ratification. The study also aims to expand the information with which policy makers can develop accompanying policies to support and derive maximum benefit from the CET and EPA trade reforms. The first stage of the study employs the trade reform impact simulation tool (TRIST), which was developed by the World Bank. The study uses the finalized CET and EPA tariff schedules at the most detailed (10-digit) tariff line level, and 2013 customs excise and preventive service (CEPS) data on imports, exemption rates, tariff revenue, value-added tax (VAT), and national health insurance levy (NHIL) revenue, excise duty, and the over-age penalty for vehicles. The report presents the results for six scenarios: (1) the effect of the CET only, which is to be implemented before the end of 2015; the effect of each stage of the EPA implemented on top of the CET, (2) CET + EPA2020, (3) CET + EPA2025, (4) CET + EPA2030, (5) CET + EPA2035, and (6) the net effect of the EPA, where the EPA is implemented from a baseline where the CET is already in place (EPA2035 from CET). The study is structured as follows: section one gives introduction. Section two summarizes the market access content of the CET and EPA. Section three analyzes the effects of each reform on revenues and imports, section four looks at the effects on consumers, and section five examines the effects on firms’ competitiveness and jobs. Section six looks at potential accompanying measures and section seven concludes. 2015-12-08T20:56:16Z 2015-12-08T20:56:16Z 2015 Working Paper http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/11/25465332/assessing-economic-impact-ecowas-cet-economic-partnership-agreement-ghana http://hdl.handle.net/10986/23242 English en_US CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Working Paper Publications & Research Africa Ghana |