id okr-10986-22357
recordtype oai_dc
spelling okr-10986-223572021-04-23T14:04:07Z Why Liberalization Alone Has Not Improved Agricultural Productivity in Zambia : The Role of Asset Ownership and Working Capital Constraints Deininger, Klaus Olinto, Pedro AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICES AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURE ASSETS CAPITAL CONSTRAINTS CATTLE CLIMATIC CONDITIONS COMMODITIES COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK CONSUMER SUBSIDIES CONSUMERS CROPS DECENTRALIZATION DECISION MAKING DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH DISEASES DISTORTED INCENTIVES ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS ECONOMETRICS ECONOMIC LIBERALIZATION ECONOMIC POLICIES ECONOMIC TRENDS ELASTICITY EQUATIONS EQUIPMENT EXCHANGE RATE EXPORTS FARMERS FARMING FISCAL POLICIES GDP GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION GOVERNMENT SUBSIDIES HUMAN CAPITAL HYBRID SEED INCOME INCOMES INCREASES INPUT PRICES INPUT USE INSURANCE INTEREST RATES LABOR MARKETS LIVESTOCK The authors use a large panel data set from Zambia to examine factors that could explain the relatively lackluster performance of the country's agricultural sector after liberalization. Zambia's liberalization significantly opened the economy but failed to alter the structure of production or help realize efficiency gains. They reach two main conclusions. First, not owning productive assets (in Zambia, draft animals and implements) limits improvements in agricultural productivity and household welfare. Owning oxen increases income directly, allows farmers to till their fields efficiently when rain is delayed, increases the area cultivated, and improves access to credit and fertilizer markets. Second, the authors reject the hypothesis that the application of fertilizer is unprofitable because of high input prices. Rather, fertilizer use appears to have declined because of constraints on supplies, which government intervention exacerbated instead of alleviating. (Extending the use of fertilizer to the many producers not currently using it would be profitable, but increasing the amount applied by the few producers who now have access to it would not be.) Policies to foster accumulation of the assets needed for agricultural production (including draft animals and implements) and to provide complementary public goods (education, credit, and good agricultural extension services) could greatly help reduce poverty and improve productivity. 2015-07-31T15:43:21Z 2015-07-31T15:43:21Z 2000-03 Working Paper http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2000/03/437970/liberalization-alone-not-improved-agricultural-productivity-zambia-role-asset-ownership-working-capital-constraints http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22357 English en_US Policy Research Working Paper;No. 2302 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Africa Zambia
repository_type Digital Repository
institution_category Foreign Institution
institution Digital Repositories
building World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection World Bank
language English
en_US
topic AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION
AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICES
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
AGRICULTURE
ASSETS
CAPITAL CONSTRAINTS
CATTLE
CLIMATIC CONDITIONS
COMMODITIES
COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
CONSUMER SUBSIDIES
CONSUMERS
CROPS
DECENTRALIZATION
DECISION MAKING
DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH
DISEASES
DISTORTED INCENTIVES
ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS
ECONOMETRICS
ECONOMIC LIBERALIZATION
ECONOMIC POLICIES
ECONOMIC TRENDS
ELASTICITY
EQUATIONS
EQUIPMENT
EXCHANGE RATE
EXPORTS
FARMERS
FARMING
FISCAL POLICIES
GDP
GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION
GOVERNMENT SUBSIDIES
HUMAN CAPITAL
HYBRID SEED
INCOME
INCOMES
INCREASES
INPUT PRICES
INPUT USE
INSURANCE
INTEREST RATES
LABOR MARKETS
LIVESTOCK
spellingShingle AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION
AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICES
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
AGRICULTURE
ASSETS
CAPITAL CONSTRAINTS
CATTLE
CLIMATIC CONDITIONS
COMMODITIES
COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
CONSUMER SUBSIDIES
CONSUMERS
CROPS
DECENTRALIZATION
DECISION MAKING
DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH
DISEASES
DISTORTED INCENTIVES
ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS
ECONOMETRICS
ECONOMIC LIBERALIZATION
ECONOMIC POLICIES
ECONOMIC TRENDS
ELASTICITY
EQUATIONS
EQUIPMENT
EXCHANGE RATE
EXPORTS
FARMERS
FARMING
FISCAL POLICIES
GDP
GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION
GOVERNMENT SUBSIDIES
HUMAN CAPITAL
HYBRID SEED
INCOME
INCOMES
INCREASES
INPUT PRICES
INPUT USE
INSURANCE
INTEREST RATES
LABOR MARKETS
LIVESTOCK
Deininger, Klaus
Olinto, Pedro
Why Liberalization Alone Has Not Improved Agricultural Productivity in Zambia : The Role of Asset Ownership and Working Capital Constraints
geographic_facet Africa
Zambia
relation Policy Research Working Paper;No. 2302
description The authors use a large panel data set from Zambia to examine factors that could explain the relatively lackluster performance of the country's agricultural sector after liberalization. Zambia's liberalization significantly opened the economy but failed to alter the structure of production or help realize efficiency gains. They reach two main conclusions. First, not owning productive assets (in Zambia, draft animals and implements) limits improvements in agricultural productivity and household welfare. Owning oxen increases income directly, allows farmers to till their fields efficiently when rain is delayed, increases the area cultivated, and improves access to credit and fertilizer markets. Second, the authors reject the hypothesis that the application of fertilizer is unprofitable because of high input prices. Rather, fertilizer use appears to have declined because of constraints on supplies, which government intervention exacerbated instead of alleviating. (Extending the use of fertilizer to the many producers not currently using it would be profitable, but increasing the amount applied by the few producers who now have access to it would not be.) Policies to foster accumulation of the assets needed for agricultural production (including draft animals and implements) and to provide complementary public goods (education, credit, and good agricultural extension services) could greatly help reduce poverty and improve productivity.
format Working Paper
author Deininger, Klaus
Olinto, Pedro
author_facet Deininger, Klaus
Olinto, Pedro
author_sort Deininger, Klaus
title Why Liberalization Alone Has Not Improved Agricultural Productivity in Zambia : The Role of Asset Ownership and Working Capital Constraints
title_short Why Liberalization Alone Has Not Improved Agricultural Productivity in Zambia : The Role of Asset Ownership and Working Capital Constraints
title_full Why Liberalization Alone Has Not Improved Agricultural Productivity in Zambia : The Role of Asset Ownership and Working Capital Constraints
title_fullStr Why Liberalization Alone Has Not Improved Agricultural Productivity in Zambia : The Role of Asset Ownership and Working Capital Constraints
title_full_unstemmed Why Liberalization Alone Has Not Improved Agricultural Productivity in Zambia : The Role of Asset Ownership and Working Capital Constraints
title_sort why liberalization alone has not improved agricultural productivity in zambia : the role of asset ownership and working capital constraints
publisher World Bank, Washington, DC
publishDate 2015
url http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2000/03/437970/liberalization-alone-not-improved-agricultural-productivity-zambia-role-asset-ownership-working-capital-constraints
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22357
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