Ghana Work Program (FY15) : Poverty and Inequality Profile
Since 1991 the national poverty rate of Ghana has more than halved. The estimated national headcount poverty ratio fell by 31.2 percentage points from 52.6 percent in 1991 to 21.41 percent in 2012. Heterogeneity of poverty outcomes is, however, hig...
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Format: | Report |
Language: | English en_US |
Published: |
Washington, DC
2015
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Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/06/24657538/ghana-work-program-fy15-poverty-inequality-profile http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22262 |
Summary: | Since 1991 the national poverty rate of
Ghana has more than halved. The estimated national headcount
poverty ratio fell by 31.2 percentage points from 52.6
percent in 1991 to 21.41 percent in 2012. Heterogeneity of
poverty outcomes is, however, high both across urban and
rural areas and across regions. The robustness of these
poverty trends is checked with trends of five correlates:
urbanization and rural-urban migration, remittances, asset
growth, labor market transformations, and agricultural
productivity growth. Urbanization turns out to be highly
correlated with poverty reduction. Poverty trends and asset
index trends turn out to follow a similar pattern in both
urban and rural areas and by regions: asset index increase
where poverty decreases. In the report the authors try to
understand the drivers of recent decrease in poverty in
northern regions. The attention is focused on two different
aspects, the agricultural productivity growth and the
inflation patterns. In northern regions, there is a
generalized increase in production of main food crops and an
increase in productivity. To test the contribution of most
of these drivers to poverty reduction, the authors estimated
unconditional quintile regressions over the 20th, 40th, and
60th percentiles and decomposed the results using the Oaxaca
Blinder method. To further strengthen the spatial analysis
of poverty the authors constructed a new poverty map based
on sixth Ghana living standard survey (GLSS 6) (conducted in
2012-13) in combination with the 2010 census, which was then
compared with the 2000 map. This profile focuses on
inequalities seen from three different perspectives:
consumption inequality, inequalities of opportunities, and polarization. |
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