Bringing Variable Renewable Energy Up to Scale : Options for Grid Integration Using Natural Gas and Energy Storage
By the end of 2013, 144 countries both developed and developing had established plans for the expansion of power generation from renewable energy (REN 21). In setting these goals, countries are driven by a number of strategic considerations, includ...
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Economic & Sector Work |
| Language: | English en_US |
| Published: |
World Bank Group, Washington, DC
2015
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/02/24141471/bringing-variable-renewable-energy-up-scale-options-grid-integration-using-natural-gas-energy-storage http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21629 |
| Summary: | By the end of 2013, 144 countries both
developed and developing had established plans for the
expansion of power generation from renewable energy (REN
21). In setting these goals, countries are driven by a
number of strategic considerations, including energy
security, reducing pollution and greenhouse gas emissions,
the need to expand and improve energy services for growing
populations, and industrialization and job creation. Among
renewable energy sources, solar and wind resources stand out
as having high inherent resource variability and limited
predictability. To achieve a reliable, stable power supply,
power system operators must continuously balance supply and
demand. Power systems are designed to handle a certain
amount of variability and uncertainty to accommodate
fluctuations in demand and unexpected equipment outages.
This report looks at the nature of Variable Renewable Energy
(VRE) and the resulting challenges associated with the
integration of VRE technologies into a power system. It
provides an overview of the measures available to limit and
manage these challenges. This report highlights the
importance of increased flexibility when integrating high
levels of VRE, and focuses on two sets of options to provide
such flexibility: natural gas-fired power generation
technologies and energy storage. Finally, this report
provides some insight into the implications of VRE expansion
for planning and regulation, and finishes with some
recommendations for planners and policy makers. Topics
included in this report also include: natural gas as an
option for supply flexibility, energy storage as an option
for flexibility, and planning and policy considerations.
Findings include the realization that to best manage the
challenge of integrating higher levels of VRE into
electricity grids, policy, planning and regulatory
interventions should be designed to minimize overall system
costs and that the value of flexibility in the system should
be recognized through policy and regulation, and
remuneration mechanisms for flexible capacity should be defined. |
|---|