Can We Measure Resilience? A Proposed Method and Evidence from Countries in the Sahel

Although resilience has become a popular concept in studies of poverty and vulnerability, it has been difficult to obtain a credible measure of resilience. This difficulty is because the data required to measure resilience, which involves observing...

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Main Authors: Alfani, Federica, Dabalen, Andrew, Fisker, Peter, Molini, Vasco
Format: Publications & Research
Language:English
en_US
Published: World Bank Group, Washington, DC 2015
Subjects:
SEX
TV
WAR
Online Access:http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/01/23847408/can-measure-resilience-proposed-method-evidence-countries-sahel
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21387
id okr-10986-21387
recordtype oai_dc
repository_type Digital Repository
institution_category Foreign Institution
institution Digital Repositories
building World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection World Bank
language English
en_US
topic ACCESS TO CREDIT
ACCESS TO INFRASTRUCTURE
ADEQUATE NUTRITION
AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES
AGRICULTURAL INPUTS
AGRICULTURE
AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION
ARID TROPICS
ASSET OWNERSHIP
ASSET SALES
ASSETS
BASE YEAR
BORROWING
CHILD HEALTH
CHRONIC POVERTY
CHRONICALLY POOR
CITIZENS
CIVIL WAR
CLIMATE CHANGE
CONFLICT
CONSUMPTION DATA
CONSUMPTION LEVELS
CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA
CONSUMPTION SMOOTHING
COUNTERFACTUAL
CREDIT CAPACITY
CREDIT MARKET
CREDIT MARKET CONSTRAINTS
CREDIT MARKETS
DEBT
DEMOGRAPHIC COMPOSITION
DEPENDENCY RATIO
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
DEVELOPMENT FINANCE
DEVELOPMENT POLICY
DISCOUNT RATE
DIVERSIFICATION
DRINKING WATER
DROUGHT
ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS
ECONOMETRICS
ECONOMIC AGENTS
ECONOMIC CRISES
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
ECONOMIC GROWTH
ECONOMIC RESEARCH
EDUCATIONAL LEVEL
EMPLOYMENT STATUS
ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY
EXPECTED UTILITY
EXPENDITURE
EXPENDITURES
EXPORT EARNINGS
EXTREME POVERTY
FAMILY PLANNING
FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS
FARM ACTIVITIES
FARM INCOME
FARM SYSTEMS
FARMERS
FERTILITY
FERTILITY RATES
FINANCIAL CRISIS
FIREWOOD
FOOD EXPENDITURE
FOOD INSECURITY
FOOD POVERTY
FOOD SECURITY
FREE ASSET
FUTURE RESEARCH
GENDER
GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT
GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT FINANCE
GOOD GOVERNANCE
GROUP ACCOUNTS
GROWTH RATE
HEALTH CARE
HOUSEHOLD BUDGET
HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION
HOUSEHOLD HEAD
HOUSEHOLD HEAD AGE
HOUSEHOLD INCOME
HOUSEHOLD INCOMES
HOUSEHOLD SIZE
HOUSEHOLD SURVEY
HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS
HOUSEHOLD VULNERABILITY
HOUSEHOLDS
HOUSING
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
HUNGER INSURANCE
INCOME DYNAMICS
INCOME SHOCKS
INCOME SMOOTHING
INDIVIDUAL HOUSEHOLDS
INEQUALITY
INFORMAL INSURANCE
INSURANCE MARKETS
INTEREST RATE
INTERNATIONAL BANK
INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION
INVESTMENT PLANS
LEVEL OF POVERTY
LEVELS OF CONSUMPTION
LEVELS OF EDUCATION
LIMITED ACCESS
LIVELIHOOD STRATEGIES
LIVING CONDITIONS
LIVING STANDARDS
LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES
MALNUTRITION
MARGINAL UTILITY
MARITAL STATUS
MARKET CONSTRAINTS
NATIONAL POVERTY
NATIONAL POVERTY LINE
NATURAL DISASTERS
NUMBER OF CHILDREN
NUMBER OF GIRLS
NUMBER OF PEOPLE
NUTRITION
OLD AGE
PERMANENT INCOME
POLICY DISCUSSIONS
POLICY IMPLICATIONS
POLICY RESEARCH
POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER
POLITICAL ECONOMY
POOR HOUSEHOLDS
POOR POPULATION
POVERTY LEVELS
POVERTY LINE
PRIMARY EDUCATION
PRODUCTIVE ASSETS
PROGRESS
PUBLIC ASSISTANCE
PUBLIC SAFETY NETS
PUBLIC SERVICES
RADIO
REGIONAL DUMMIES
REGIONAL STUDIES
REMITTANCES
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
RESOURCE CONSTRAINT
RISK AVERSION
RISK MANAGEMENT
RISK SHARING
RISK-AVERSE INDIVIDUALS
RURAL
RURAL CREDIT
RURAL ECONOMY
RURAL HOUSEHOLD
RURAL HOUSEHOLDS
SAFETY NET
SAFETY NETS
SAVINGS
SECONDARY EDUCATION
SEX
SOCIAL ASSISTANCE
SOCIAL NETWORK
SOCIAL PROTECTION
SOCIAL SAFETY NETS
SOCIAL SECURITY
SOCIAL TENSIONS
SOURCE OF DRINKING WATER
SOURCES OF INCOME
TELEVISION
TRANSITION ECONOMIES
TV
UTILITY FUNCTION
VILLAGE
VILLAGE ECONOMIES
VILLAGES
VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT
VULNERABILITY TO POVERTY
VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS
WAR
WEALTH
WELFARE INDICATORS
WELFARE LEVEL
WELFARE MEASURE
WELFARE MEASURES
spellingShingle ACCESS TO CREDIT
ACCESS TO INFRASTRUCTURE
ADEQUATE NUTRITION
AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES
AGRICULTURAL INPUTS
AGRICULTURE
AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION
ARID TROPICS
ASSET OWNERSHIP
ASSET SALES
ASSETS
BASE YEAR
BORROWING
CHILD HEALTH
CHRONIC POVERTY
CHRONICALLY POOR
CITIZENS
CIVIL WAR
CLIMATE CHANGE
CONFLICT
CONSUMPTION DATA
CONSUMPTION LEVELS
CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA
CONSUMPTION SMOOTHING
COUNTERFACTUAL
CREDIT CAPACITY
CREDIT MARKET
CREDIT MARKET CONSTRAINTS
CREDIT MARKETS
DEBT
DEMOGRAPHIC COMPOSITION
DEPENDENCY RATIO
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
DEVELOPMENT FINANCE
DEVELOPMENT POLICY
DISCOUNT RATE
DIVERSIFICATION
DRINKING WATER
DROUGHT
ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS
ECONOMETRICS
ECONOMIC AGENTS
ECONOMIC CRISES
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
ECONOMIC GROWTH
ECONOMIC RESEARCH
EDUCATIONAL LEVEL
EMPLOYMENT STATUS
ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY
EXPECTED UTILITY
EXPENDITURE
EXPENDITURES
EXPORT EARNINGS
EXTREME POVERTY
FAMILY PLANNING
FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS
FARM ACTIVITIES
FARM INCOME
FARM SYSTEMS
FARMERS
FERTILITY
FERTILITY RATES
FINANCIAL CRISIS
FIREWOOD
FOOD EXPENDITURE
FOOD INSECURITY
FOOD POVERTY
FOOD SECURITY
FREE ASSET
FUTURE RESEARCH
GENDER
GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT
GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT FINANCE
GOOD GOVERNANCE
GROUP ACCOUNTS
GROWTH RATE
HEALTH CARE
HOUSEHOLD BUDGET
HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION
HOUSEHOLD HEAD
HOUSEHOLD HEAD AGE
HOUSEHOLD INCOME
HOUSEHOLD INCOMES
HOUSEHOLD SIZE
HOUSEHOLD SURVEY
HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS
HOUSEHOLD VULNERABILITY
HOUSEHOLDS
HOUSING
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
HUNGER INSURANCE
INCOME DYNAMICS
INCOME SHOCKS
INCOME SMOOTHING
INDIVIDUAL HOUSEHOLDS
INEQUALITY
INFORMAL INSURANCE
INSURANCE MARKETS
INTEREST RATE
INTERNATIONAL BANK
INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION
INVESTMENT PLANS
LEVEL OF POVERTY
LEVELS OF CONSUMPTION
LEVELS OF EDUCATION
LIMITED ACCESS
LIVELIHOOD STRATEGIES
LIVING CONDITIONS
LIVING STANDARDS
LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES
MALNUTRITION
MARGINAL UTILITY
MARITAL STATUS
MARKET CONSTRAINTS
NATIONAL POVERTY
NATIONAL POVERTY LINE
NATURAL DISASTERS
NUMBER OF CHILDREN
NUMBER OF GIRLS
NUMBER OF PEOPLE
NUTRITION
OLD AGE
PERMANENT INCOME
POLICY DISCUSSIONS
POLICY IMPLICATIONS
POLICY RESEARCH
POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER
POLITICAL ECONOMY
POOR HOUSEHOLDS
POOR POPULATION
POVERTY LEVELS
POVERTY LINE
PRIMARY EDUCATION
PRODUCTIVE ASSETS
PROGRESS
PUBLIC ASSISTANCE
PUBLIC SAFETY NETS
PUBLIC SERVICES
RADIO
REGIONAL DUMMIES
REGIONAL STUDIES
REMITTANCES
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
RESOURCE CONSTRAINT
RISK AVERSION
RISK MANAGEMENT
RISK SHARING
RISK-AVERSE INDIVIDUALS
RURAL
RURAL CREDIT
RURAL ECONOMY
RURAL HOUSEHOLD
RURAL HOUSEHOLDS
SAFETY NET
SAFETY NETS
SAVINGS
SECONDARY EDUCATION
SEX
SOCIAL ASSISTANCE
SOCIAL NETWORK
SOCIAL PROTECTION
SOCIAL SAFETY NETS
SOCIAL SECURITY
SOCIAL TENSIONS
SOURCE OF DRINKING WATER
SOURCES OF INCOME
TELEVISION
TRANSITION ECONOMIES
TV
UTILITY FUNCTION
VILLAGE
VILLAGE ECONOMIES
VILLAGES
VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT
VULNERABILITY TO POVERTY
VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS
WAR
WEALTH
WELFARE INDICATORS
WELFARE LEVEL
WELFARE MEASURE
WELFARE MEASURES
Alfani, Federica
Dabalen, Andrew
Fisker, Peter
Molini, Vasco
Can We Measure Resilience? A Proposed Method and Evidence from Countries in the Sahel
geographic_facet Africa
Burkina Faso
Niger
Nigeria
Senegal
relation Policy Research Working Paper;No. 7170
description Although resilience has become a popular concept in studies of poverty and vulnerability, it has been difficult to obtain a credible measure of resilience. This difficulty is because the data required to measure resilience, which involves observing household outcomes over time after every exposure to a shock, are usually unavailable in many contexts. This paper proposes a new method for measuring household resilience using readily available cross section data. Intuitively, a household is considered resilient if there is very little difference between the pre- and post-shock welfare. By obtaining counterfactual welfare for households before and after a shock, households are classified as chronically poor, non-resilient, and resilient. This method is applied to four countries in the Sahel. It is found that Niger, Burkina Faso, and Northern Nigeria have high percentages of chronically poor: respectively, 48, 34, and 27 percent. In Senegal, only 4 percent of the population is chronically poor. The middle group, the non-resilient, accounts for about 70 percent of the households in Senegal, while in the other countries it ranges between 34 and 38 percent. Resilient households account for about 33 percent in all countries except Niger, where the share is around 18 percent.
format Publications & Research
author Alfani, Federica
Dabalen, Andrew
Fisker, Peter
Molini, Vasco
author_facet Alfani, Federica
Dabalen, Andrew
Fisker, Peter
Molini, Vasco
author_sort Alfani, Federica
title Can We Measure Resilience? A Proposed Method and Evidence from Countries in the Sahel
title_short Can We Measure Resilience? A Proposed Method and Evidence from Countries in the Sahel
title_full Can We Measure Resilience? A Proposed Method and Evidence from Countries in the Sahel
title_fullStr Can We Measure Resilience? A Proposed Method and Evidence from Countries in the Sahel
title_full_unstemmed Can We Measure Resilience? A Proposed Method and Evidence from Countries in the Sahel
title_sort can we measure resilience? a proposed method and evidence from countries in the sahel
publisher World Bank Group, Washington, DC
publishDate 2015
url http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/01/23847408/can-measure-resilience-proposed-method-evidence-countries-sahel
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21387
_version_ 1764448115248594944
spelling okr-10986-213872021-04-23T14:04:02Z Can We Measure Resilience? A Proposed Method and Evidence from Countries in the Sahel Alfani, Federica Dabalen, Andrew Fisker, Peter Molini, Vasco ACCESS TO CREDIT ACCESS TO INFRASTRUCTURE ADEQUATE NUTRITION AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES AGRICULTURAL INPUTS AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION ARID TROPICS ASSET OWNERSHIP ASSET SALES ASSETS BASE YEAR BORROWING CHILD HEALTH CHRONIC POVERTY CHRONICALLY POOR CITIZENS CIVIL WAR CLIMATE CHANGE CONFLICT CONSUMPTION DATA CONSUMPTION LEVELS CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION SMOOTHING COUNTERFACTUAL CREDIT CAPACITY CREDIT MARKET CREDIT MARKET CONSTRAINTS CREDIT MARKETS DEBT DEMOGRAPHIC COMPOSITION DEPENDENCY RATIO DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DEVELOPMENT FINANCE DEVELOPMENT POLICY DISCOUNT RATE DIVERSIFICATION DRINKING WATER DROUGHT ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS ECONOMETRICS ECONOMIC AGENTS ECONOMIC CRISES ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC RESEARCH EDUCATIONAL LEVEL EMPLOYMENT STATUS ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY EXPECTED UTILITY EXPENDITURE EXPENDITURES EXPORT EARNINGS EXTREME POVERTY FAMILY PLANNING FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS FARM ACTIVITIES FARM INCOME FARM SYSTEMS FARMERS FERTILITY FERTILITY RATES FINANCIAL CRISIS FIREWOOD FOOD EXPENDITURE FOOD INSECURITY FOOD POVERTY FOOD SECURITY FREE ASSET FUTURE RESEARCH GENDER GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT FINANCE GOOD GOVERNANCE GROUP ACCOUNTS GROWTH RATE HEALTH CARE HOUSEHOLD BUDGET HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION HOUSEHOLD HEAD HOUSEHOLD HEAD AGE HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD INCOMES HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HOUSEHOLD VULNERABILITY HOUSEHOLDS HOUSING HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUNGER INSURANCE INCOME DYNAMICS INCOME SHOCKS INCOME SMOOTHING INDIVIDUAL HOUSEHOLDS INEQUALITY INFORMAL INSURANCE INSURANCE MARKETS INTEREST RATE INTERNATIONAL BANK INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION INVESTMENT PLANS LEVEL OF POVERTY LEVELS OF CONSUMPTION LEVELS OF EDUCATION LIMITED ACCESS LIVELIHOOD STRATEGIES LIVING CONDITIONS LIVING STANDARDS LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES MALNUTRITION MARGINAL UTILITY MARITAL STATUS MARKET CONSTRAINTS NATIONAL POVERTY NATIONAL POVERTY LINE NATURAL DISASTERS NUMBER OF CHILDREN NUMBER OF GIRLS NUMBER OF PEOPLE NUTRITION OLD AGE PERMANENT INCOME POLICY DISCUSSIONS POLICY IMPLICATIONS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POLITICAL ECONOMY POOR HOUSEHOLDS POOR POPULATION POVERTY LEVELS POVERTY LINE PRIMARY EDUCATION PRODUCTIVE ASSETS PROGRESS PUBLIC ASSISTANCE PUBLIC SAFETY NETS PUBLIC SERVICES RADIO REGIONAL DUMMIES REGIONAL STUDIES REMITTANCES REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH RESOURCE CONSTRAINT RISK AVERSION RISK MANAGEMENT RISK SHARING RISK-AVERSE INDIVIDUALS RURAL RURAL CREDIT RURAL ECONOMY RURAL HOUSEHOLD RURAL HOUSEHOLDS SAFETY NET SAFETY NETS SAVINGS SECONDARY EDUCATION SEX SOCIAL ASSISTANCE SOCIAL NETWORK SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL SAFETY NETS SOCIAL SECURITY SOCIAL TENSIONS SOURCE OF DRINKING WATER SOURCES OF INCOME TELEVISION TRANSITION ECONOMIES TV UTILITY FUNCTION VILLAGE VILLAGE ECONOMIES VILLAGES VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT VULNERABILITY TO POVERTY VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS WAR WEALTH WELFARE INDICATORS WELFARE LEVEL WELFARE MEASURE WELFARE MEASURES Although resilience has become a popular concept in studies of poverty and vulnerability, it has been difficult to obtain a credible measure of resilience. This difficulty is because the data required to measure resilience, which involves observing household outcomes over time after every exposure to a shock, are usually unavailable in many contexts. This paper proposes a new method for measuring household resilience using readily available cross section data. Intuitively, a household is considered resilient if there is very little difference between the pre- and post-shock welfare. By obtaining counterfactual welfare for households before and after a shock, households are classified as chronically poor, non-resilient, and resilient. This method is applied to four countries in the Sahel. It is found that Niger, Burkina Faso, and Northern Nigeria have high percentages of chronically poor: respectively, 48, 34, and 27 percent. In Senegal, only 4 percent of the population is chronically poor. The middle group, the non-resilient, accounts for about 70 percent of the households in Senegal, while in the other countries it ranges between 34 and 38 percent. Resilient households account for about 33 percent in all countries except Niger, where the share is around 18 percent. 2015-02-03T15:48:32Z 2015-02-03T15:48:32Z 2015-01 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/01/23847408/can-measure-resilience-proposed-method-evidence-countries-sahel http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21387 English en_US Policy Research Working Paper;No. 7170 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank Group, Washington, DC Publications & Research Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Africa Burkina Faso Niger Nigeria Senegal