The Unfulfilled Promise of Oil and Growth : Poverty, Inclusion and Welfare in Iraq 2007-2012

Iraq appears to have firmly entered the ranks of upper middle-income countries in 2012, having experienced strong economic growth following the establishment of a civilian elected government in 2005-06. In 2012 the years of growth culminated in a p...

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Main Author: World Bank
Format: Economic & Sector Work
Language:English
en_US
Published: Washington, DC 2015
Subjects:
WAR
Online Access:http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/12/23908836/unfulfilled-promise-oil-growth-poverty-inclusion-welfare-iraq-2007-2012-vol-2
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21364
id okr-10986-21364
recordtype oai_dc
repository_type Digital Repository
institution_category Foreign Institution
institution Digital Repositories
building World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection World Bank
language English
en_US
topic ACCESS TO EDUCATION
ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE
ACCOUNTING
ADULT MALE
AGRICULTURAL DECLINE
AGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT
ANNUAL GROWTH
ANNUAL GROWTH RATE
BASIC HEALTH CARE
BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE
BASIC NEEDS
BENEFICIAL EFFECTS
CAPACITY BUILDING
CASH TRANSFERS
CHILDBIRTH
CITIZENS
CIVIL WAR
CONSUMPTION GROWTH
CRISES
DEVELOPING WORLD
DEVELOPMENT EFFORTS
DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS
DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY
DIET
DISPLACEMENT
DIVERSIFICATION
DRIVERS
EARLY CHILDHOOD
EARLY MARRIAGE
EARLY MOTHERHOOD
ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES
ECONOMIC ACTIVITY
ECONOMIC CONDITIONS
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
ECONOMIC GROWTH
ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES
EDUCATED MEN
EDUCATED PEOPLE
EDUCATED WORKERS
EDUCATION LEVEL
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
EMPLOYMENT GENERATION
EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES
EMPLOYMENT RATE
EMPLOYMENT STATUS
FEMALE EMPLOYMENT
FEMALE LABOR
FEMALE LABOR FORCE
FEMALE LITERACY
FEMALE MORTALITY
FEMALE TEACHERS
FOOD IMPORTS
FOOD NEEDS
FOOD PRICES
FOOD SECURITY
FOOD SUBSIDIES
GENDER DIFFERENCES
GOOD GOVERNANCE
GROWTH EFFECT
GROWTH PROCESS
HEADCOUNT POVERTY
HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS
HEALTH OUTCOMES
HIGH POVERTY
HOUSEHOLD SIZE
HOUSEHOLD WELFARE
HUMAN CAPITAL
ILLITERACY
IMPACT OF CONFLICT
INCIDENCE OF POVERTY
INCOME
INCOME LEVELS
INCOMES INCREASE
INEQUITIES
INFANT
INFANT MORTALITY
INFANT MORTALITY RATE
INFORMAL SECTOR
INSURANCE
INVESTMENT CLIMATE
INVESTMENTS IN EDUCATION
JOB CREATION
JOB SEARCH
JOB SECURITY
LABOR FORCE
LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION
LABOR MARKET
LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES
LABOR MARKETS
LABOR REGULATIONS
LABOR SHARE
LEVEL OF EDUCATION
LEVELS OF EDUCATION
LIFE EXPECTANCY
LIMITED JOB OPPORTUNITIES
LITERACY RATES
LOCAL ECONOMY
LOCAL INFRASTRUCTURE
MALE LABOR FORCE
MALE MORTALITY
MALNOURISHED CHILDREN
MALNUTRITION
MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY
MATHEMATICS
MEASURING POVERTY
MEDIUM TERM
MORTALITY
MORTALITY RATE
MOTHER
NATURAL RESOURCE
NEGATIVE IMPACT
NUTRITION
PART TIME EMPLOYMENT
PART-TIME EMPLOYMENT
PEACE
PENSIONS
PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION
PERSISTENT POVERTY
PLACE OF RESIDENCE
POINT DECLINE
POLICY FRAMEWORK
POLITICAL INSTABILITY
POOR
POOR INDIVIDUALS
POVERTY HEADCOUNT RATES
POVERTY LINE
POVERTY RATES
POVERTY REDUCTION
PRIMARY EDUCATION
PRIMARY SCHOOL
PRIMARY SCHOOLING
PRIMARY SOURCE
PRIVATE SECTOR
PRIVATE TRANSFERS
PRODUCTIVE EMPLOYMENT
PRODUCTIVITY
PROGRESS
PUBLIC ACCOUNTABILITY
PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT
PUBLIC EXPENDITURE
PUBLIC SECTOR
PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYEES
PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT
PUBLIC SECTOR JOB
PUBLIC SECTOR JOBS
PUBLIC SERVICES
PUBLIC WORKS
PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAM
PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAMS
REGULATORY BARRIERS
REMITTANCES
RENTS
RESOURCE ALLOCATION
RESPECT
RICH COUNTRIES
RULE OF LAW
RURAL
RURAL AREAS
RURAL HOUSEHOLDS
RURAL LIVELIHOODS
SAFETY
SAFETY NET
SAFETY NETS
SCHOOL ATTENDANCE
SCHOOL QUALITY
SECONDARY EDUCATION
SECONDARY SCHOOL
SECTOR REFORMS
SECURITY SITUATION
SERVICE DELIVERY
SKILLED LABOR
SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
SOCIAL NORMS
SOCIAL PROTECTION
SOCIAL SERVICES
SPILLOVER
STATE ENTERPRISES
STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
TECHNICAL SKILLS
TERTIARY EDUCATION
TRAINING SYSTEM
TRANSPORTATION
UNEMPLOYED
UNEMPLOYMENT
UNEMPLOYMENT RATES
UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES
URBAN AREAS
VOCATIONAL TRAINING
VULNERABILITY
WAGE GAP
WAGES
WAR
WARS
WEALTH DISTRIBUTION
WORKERS
WORKFORCE
WORKING-AGE POPULATION
YOUNG CHILDREN
YOUNG MEN
YOUNG MOTHERS
YOUNG PEOPLE
YOUTH LABOR
ZAKAT
spellingShingle ACCESS TO EDUCATION
ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE
ACCOUNTING
ADULT MALE
AGRICULTURAL DECLINE
AGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT
ANNUAL GROWTH
ANNUAL GROWTH RATE
BASIC HEALTH CARE
BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE
BASIC NEEDS
BENEFICIAL EFFECTS
CAPACITY BUILDING
CASH TRANSFERS
CHILDBIRTH
CITIZENS
CIVIL WAR
CONSUMPTION GROWTH
CRISES
DEVELOPING WORLD
DEVELOPMENT EFFORTS
DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS
DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY
DIET
DISPLACEMENT
DIVERSIFICATION
DRIVERS
EARLY CHILDHOOD
EARLY MARRIAGE
EARLY MOTHERHOOD
ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES
ECONOMIC ACTIVITY
ECONOMIC CONDITIONS
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
ECONOMIC GROWTH
ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES
EDUCATED MEN
EDUCATED PEOPLE
EDUCATED WORKERS
EDUCATION LEVEL
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
EMPLOYMENT GENERATION
EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES
EMPLOYMENT RATE
EMPLOYMENT STATUS
FEMALE EMPLOYMENT
FEMALE LABOR
FEMALE LABOR FORCE
FEMALE LITERACY
FEMALE MORTALITY
FEMALE TEACHERS
FOOD IMPORTS
FOOD NEEDS
FOOD PRICES
FOOD SECURITY
FOOD SUBSIDIES
GENDER DIFFERENCES
GOOD GOVERNANCE
GROWTH EFFECT
GROWTH PROCESS
HEADCOUNT POVERTY
HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS
HEALTH OUTCOMES
HIGH POVERTY
HOUSEHOLD SIZE
HOUSEHOLD WELFARE
HUMAN CAPITAL
ILLITERACY
IMPACT OF CONFLICT
INCIDENCE OF POVERTY
INCOME
INCOME LEVELS
INCOMES INCREASE
INEQUITIES
INFANT
INFANT MORTALITY
INFANT MORTALITY RATE
INFORMAL SECTOR
INSURANCE
INVESTMENT CLIMATE
INVESTMENTS IN EDUCATION
JOB CREATION
JOB SEARCH
JOB SECURITY
LABOR FORCE
LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION
LABOR MARKET
LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES
LABOR MARKETS
LABOR REGULATIONS
LABOR SHARE
LEVEL OF EDUCATION
LEVELS OF EDUCATION
LIFE EXPECTANCY
LIMITED JOB OPPORTUNITIES
LITERACY RATES
LOCAL ECONOMY
LOCAL INFRASTRUCTURE
MALE LABOR FORCE
MALE MORTALITY
MALNOURISHED CHILDREN
MALNUTRITION
MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY
MATHEMATICS
MEASURING POVERTY
MEDIUM TERM
MORTALITY
MORTALITY RATE
MOTHER
NATURAL RESOURCE
NEGATIVE IMPACT
NUTRITION
PART TIME EMPLOYMENT
PART-TIME EMPLOYMENT
PEACE
PENSIONS
PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION
PERSISTENT POVERTY
PLACE OF RESIDENCE
POINT DECLINE
POLICY FRAMEWORK
POLITICAL INSTABILITY
POOR
POOR INDIVIDUALS
POVERTY HEADCOUNT RATES
POVERTY LINE
POVERTY RATES
POVERTY REDUCTION
PRIMARY EDUCATION
PRIMARY SCHOOL
PRIMARY SCHOOLING
PRIMARY SOURCE
PRIVATE SECTOR
PRIVATE TRANSFERS
PRODUCTIVE EMPLOYMENT
PRODUCTIVITY
PROGRESS
PUBLIC ACCOUNTABILITY
PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT
PUBLIC EXPENDITURE
PUBLIC SECTOR
PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYEES
PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT
PUBLIC SECTOR JOB
PUBLIC SECTOR JOBS
PUBLIC SERVICES
PUBLIC WORKS
PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAM
PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAMS
REGULATORY BARRIERS
REMITTANCES
RENTS
RESOURCE ALLOCATION
RESPECT
RICH COUNTRIES
RULE OF LAW
RURAL
RURAL AREAS
RURAL HOUSEHOLDS
RURAL LIVELIHOODS
SAFETY
SAFETY NET
SAFETY NETS
SCHOOL ATTENDANCE
SCHOOL QUALITY
SECONDARY EDUCATION
SECONDARY SCHOOL
SECTOR REFORMS
SECURITY SITUATION
SERVICE DELIVERY
SKILLED LABOR
SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
SOCIAL NORMS
SOCIAL PROTECTION
SOCIAL SERVICES
SPILLOVER
STATE ENTERPRISES
STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
TECHNICAL SKILLS
TERTIARY EDUCATION
TRAINING SYSTEM
TRANSPORTATION
UNEMPLOYED
UNEMPLOYMENT
UNEMPLOYMENT RATES
UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES
URBAN AREAS
VOCATIONAL TRAINING
VULNERABILITY
WAGE GAP
WAGES
WAR
WARS
WEALTH DISTRIBUTION
WORKERS
WORKFORCE
WORKING-AGE POPULATION
YOUNG CHILDREN
YOUNG MEN
YOUNG MOTHERS
YOUNG PEOPLE
YOUTH LABOR
ZAKAT
World Bank
The Unfulfilled Promise of Oil and Growth : Poverty, Inclusion and Welfare in Iraq 2007-2012
geographic_facet Middle East and North Africa
Iraq
description Iraq appears to have firmly entered the ranks of upper middle-income countries in 2012, having experienced strong economic growth following the establishment of a civilian elected government in 2005-06. In 2012 the years of growth culminated in a per capita GDP of 2472 constant 2005 US$. This three-volume poverty and inclusion assessment provides the first in-depth analysis of Iraq's economic and social development during the period of 2007 to 2012. Volume 1 is an overview of the economic climate in Iraq, providing brushstroke descriptions of its poverty reduction plans, labor markets, public health data, and education focal points. Volume 2 is a nine-chapter report on the years between 2007 and 2012, a period of relative stability in Iraq. 2007 marks the end of sectarian violence, which lasted until 2012, prior to the militancy and insurgency in the northern governorates of the summer of 2014. The country has been a nexus of conflict and fragility since the early 1980s, and has experienced multiple types of conflict: insurgency, international war, sectarian strife, persistent terrorism, regional fragmentation, and spillovers from conflict in other countries. What should have been a promising endowment of natural resources of land, oil and gas, as well of human capital, did not provide the foundation for poverty reduction and shared prosperity. The realization of potential was confounded by war and repression. A key priority of the Government of Iraq since 2005-06 has been to fill the huge knowledge gap in terms of a deeper understanding of the state of the economy and of a range of socioeconomic indicators of welfare with the objective of building a strong evidence base for effective policy making. The rich analyses presented in this report go well beyond counting the poor. It gives an incisive understanding of the multi-layered development challenges faced by the nation, which serves as a testament to the commitment of the Government of Iraq, the staff of the Central Statistics Office, and the Kurdistan Region Statistics Office. It will form the basis for a new strategy for Iraq's development and ensure broad-based welfare improvements for the population. Volume 3 consists of nine annexes and nine references in the forms of tables, boxes, and equations used in the methodologies.
format Economic & Sector Work
author World Bank
author_facet World Bank
author_sort World Bank
title The Unfulfilled Promise of Oil and Growth : Poverty, Inclusion and Welfare in Iraq 2007-2012
title_short The Unfulfilled Promise of Oil and Growth : Poverty, Inclusion and Welfare in Iraq 2007-2012
title_full The Unfulfilled Promise of Oil and Growth : Poverty, Inclusion and Welfare in Iraq 2007-2012
title_fullStr The Unfulfilled Promise of Oil and Growth : Poverty, Inclusion and Welfare in Iraq 2007-2012
title_full_unstemmed The Unfulfilled Promise of Oil and Growth : Poverty, Inclusion and Welfare in Iraq 2007-2012
title_sort unfulfilled promise of oil and growth : poverty, inclusion and welfare in iraq 2007-2012
publisher Washington, DC
publishDate 2015
url http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/12/23908836/unfulfilled-promise-oil-growth-poverty-inclusion-welfare-iraq-2007-2012-vol-2
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21364
_version_ 1764448048826548224
spelling okr-10986-213642021-04-23T14:04:01Z The Unfulfilled Promise of Oil and Growth : Poverty, Inclusion and Welfare in Iraq 2007-2012 World Bank ACCESS TO EDUCATION ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE ACCOUNTING ADULT MALE AGRICULTURAL DECLINE AGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT ANNUAL GROWTH ANNUAL GROWTH RATE BASIC HEALTH CARE BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE BASIC NEEDS BENEFICIAL EFFECTS CAPACITY BUILDING CASH TRANSFERS CHILDBIRTH CITIZENS CIVIL WAR CONSUMPTION GROWTH CRISES DEVELOPING WORLD DEVELOPMENT EFFORTS DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY DIET DISPLACEMENT DIVERSIFICATION DRIVERS EARLY CHILDHOOD EARLY MARRIAGE EARLY MOTHERHOOD ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ECONOMIC CONDITIONS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES EDUCATED MEN EDUCATED PEOPLE EDUCATED WORKERS EDUCATION LEVEL EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EMPLOYMENT GENERATION EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES EMPLOYMENT RATE EMPLOYMENT STATUS FEMALE EMPLOYMENT FEMALE LABOR FEMALE LABOR FORCE FEMALE LITERACY FEMALE MORTALITY FEMALE TEACHERS FOOD IMPORTS FOOD NEEDS FOOD PRICES FOOD SECURITY FOOD SUBSIDIES GENDER DIFFERENCES GOOD GOVERNANCE GROWTH EFFECT GROWTH PROCESS HEADCOUNT POVERTY HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS HEALTH OUTCOMES HIGH POVERTY HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD WELFARE HUMAN CAPITAL ILLITERACY IMPACT OF CONFLICT INCIDENCE OF POVERTY INCOME INCOME LEVELS INCOMES INCREASE INEQUITIES INFANT INFANT MORTALITY INFANT MORTALITY RATE INFORMAL SECTOR INSURANCE INVESTMENT CLIMATE INVESTMENTS IN EDUCATION JOB CREATION JOB SEARCH JOB SECURITY LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES LABOR MARKETS LABOR REGULATIONS LABOR SHARE LEVEL OF EDUCATION LEVELS OF EDUCATION LIFE EXPECTANCY LIMITED JOB OPPORTUNITIES LITERACY RATES LOCAL ECONOMY LOCAL INFRASTRUCTURE MALE LABOR FORCE MALE MORTALITY MALNOURISHED CHILDREN MALNUTRITION MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY MATHEMATICS MEASURING POVERTY MEDIUM TERM MORTALITY MORTALITY RATE MOTHER NATURAL RESOURCE NEGATIVE IMPACT NUTRITION PART TIME EMPLOYMENT PART-TIME EMPLOYMENT PEACE PENSIONS PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION PERSISTENT POVERTY PLACE OF RESIDENCE POINT DECLINE POLICY FRAMEWORK POLITICAL INSTABILITY POOR POOR INDIVIDUALS POVERTY HEADCOUNT RATES POVERTY LINE POVERTY RATES POVERTY REDUCTION PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIMARY SCHOOLING PRIMARY SOURCE PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE TRANSFERS PRODUCTIVE EMPLOYMENT PRODUCTIVITY PROGRESS PUBLIC ACCOUNTABILITY PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT PUBLIC EXPENDITURE PUBLIC SECTOR PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYEES PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT PUBLIC SECTOR JOB PUBLIC SECTOR JOBS PUBLIC SERVICES PUBLIC WORKS PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAM PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAMS REGULATORY BARRIERS REMITTANCES RENTS RESOURCE ALLOCATION RESPECT RICH COUNTRIES RULE OF LAW RURAL RURAL AREAS RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RURAL LIVELIHOODS SAFETY SAFETY NET SAFETY NETS SCHOOL ATTENDANCE SCHOOL QUALITY SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY SCHOOL SECTOR REFORMS SECURITY SITUATION SERVICE DELIVERY SKILLED LABOR SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL NORMS SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL SERVICES SPILLOVER STATE ENTERPRISES STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TECHNICAL SKILLS TERTIARY EDUCATION TRAINING SYSTEM TRANSPORTATION UNEMPLOYED UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATES UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES URBAN AREAS VOCATIONAL TRAINING VULNERABILITY WAGE GAP WAGES WAR WARS WEALTH DISTRIBUTION WORKERS WORKFORCE WORKING-AGE POPULATION YOUNG CHILDREN YOUNG MEN YOUNG MOTHERS YOUNG PEOPLE YOUTH LABOR ZAKAT Iraq appears to have firmly entered the ranks of upper middle-income countries in 2012, having experienced strong economic growth following the establishment of a civilian elected government in 2005-06. In 2012 the years of growth culminated in a per capita GDP of 2472 constant 2005 US$. This three-volume poverty and inclusion assessment provides the first in-depth analysis of Iraq's economic and social development during the period of 2007 to 2012. Volume 1 is an overview of the economic climate in Iraq, providing brushstroke descriptions of its poverty reduction plans, labor markets, public health data, and education focal points. Volume 2 is a nine-chapter report on the years between 2007 and 2012, a period of relative stability in Iraq. 2007 marks the end of sectarian violence, which lasted until 2012, prior to the militancy and insurgency in the northern governorates of the summer of 2014. The country has been a nexus of conflict and fragility since the early 1980s, and has experienced multiple types of conflict: insurgency, international war, sectarian strife, persistent terrorism, regional fragmentation, and spillovers from conflict in other countries. What should have been a promising endowment of natural resources of land, oil and gas, as well of human capital, did not provide the foundation for poverty reduction and shared prosperity. The realization of potential was confounded by war and repression. A key priority of the Government of Iraq since 2005-06 has been to fill the huge knowledge gap in terms of a deeper understanding of the state of the economy and of a range of socioeconomic indicators of welfare with the objective of building a strong evidence base for effective policy making. The rich analyses presented in this report go well beyond counting the poor. It gives an incisive understanding of the multi-layered development challenges faced by the nation, which serves as a testament to the commitment of the Government of Iraq, the staff of the Central Statistics Office, and the Kurdistan Region Statistics Office. It will form the basis for a new strategy for Iraq's development and ensure broad-based welfare improvements for the population. Volume 3 consists of nine annexes and nine references in the forms of tables, boxes, and equations used in the methodologies. 2015-01-29T21:11:01Z 2015-01-29T21:11:01Z 2014-12-01 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/12/23908836/unfulfilled-promise-oil-growth-poverty-inclusion-welfare-iraq-2007-2012-vol-2 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21364 English en_US CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ Washington, DC Economic & Sector Work Economic & Sector Work :: Other Poverty Study Middle East and North Africa Iraq