Poverty and the Spatial Distribution of Rural Population

According to global spatial data sets in 2000 more than one-third of the rural population in developing countries was located on less favored agricultural land and areas. Less favored agricultural lands are susceptible to low productivity and degra...

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Main Authors:	Barbier, Edward B., Hochard, Jacob P.
Format:	Policy Research Working Paper
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank Group, Washington, DC 2014
Subjects:	ABSOLUTE POVERTY ACCESS TO GOODS ACCESS TO INFRASTRUCTURE ACCESS TO IRRIGATION ACCESS TO MARKETS AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT AGRICULTURAL LAND AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY ARABLE LAND ARID LANDS AVERAGE INCOME AVERAGE INCOME GROWTH CHANGES IN POVERTY CHRONIC POVERTY CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE CONSUMPTION GROWTH CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA COUNTRY LEVEL CUMULATIVE DISTRIBUTION CUMULATIVE DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION DATA SETS DEMOCRACY DENSITY FUNCTION DEPENDENT VARIABLE DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS DETERMINANT OF POVERTY DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRY DEVELOPING REGION DEVELOPING REGIONS DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS DEVELOPMENT POLICY DEVELOPMENT REPORT DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH ECOLOGICAL ZONES ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMICS ECONOMICS LETTERS EMPIRICAL RESULTS ERROR TERM ESTIMATED ELASTICITY ESTIMATION RESULTS EXPLAINING CHANGES EXPLANATORY VARIABLES FARM EMPLOYMENT FARMING SYSTEMS FOOD POLICY GEOGRAPHIC POVERTY TRAPS GINI INDEX GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT GLOBAL POVERTY GROSS NATIONAL INCOME GROWTH ELASTICITY GROWTH PRO-POOR GROWTH RATE GROWTH RATES GROWTH REGRESSION GROWTH REGRESSIONS HEADCOUNT POVERTY HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS IMPACT ON POVERTY INCIDENCE OF POVERTY INCOME INCOME DISTRIBUTION INCOME ELASTICITY INCOME GROWTH INCREASE POVERTY INEQUALITY INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION LEVEL OF POVERTY LIFE EXPECTANCY LOCATION OF POPULATIONS MEAN INCOME MEAN INCOME GROWTH MEAN INCOMES MICRO MODEL MIGRATION NATIONAL ACCOUNTS NATIONAL BOUNDARIES NATURAL CAPITAL 0 HYPOTHESIS PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA INCOME POLICY BRIEF POLICY DISCUSSIONS POLICY IMPLICATIONS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POOR POOR FARMERS POOR HOUSEHOLDS POOR MARKET ACCESS POOR PEOPLE POOR SOIL QUALITY POPULATION GROUP POVERTY ANALYSIS POVERTY CHANGES POVERTY DYNAMICS POVERTY HEADCOUNT INDEX POVERTY INCIDENCE POVERTY LEVEL POVERTY LEVELS POVERTY LINE POVERTY MEASURE POVERTY MEASUREMENT POVERTY MEASURES POVERTY RATE POVERTY REDUCTION POVERTY TRAPS POVERTY-REDUCING GROWTH PRIMARY SCHOOL PROGRESS PURCHASING POWER PURCHASING POWER PARITY REDUCING POVERTY REGIONAL APPROACH REGIONAL DUMMIES REMITTANCES REMOTE AREAS REMOTE RURAL AREAS RESPECT RULE OF LAW RURAL RURAL AREAS RURAL PEOPLE RURAL POOR RURAL POPULATION RURAL POPULATIONS RURAL POVERTY SEMI-ARID REGIONS SOIL DEGRADATION SPATIAL ANALYSIS SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF POPULATION SPATIAL INEQUALITY SPATIAL POPULATION DISTRIBUTION STANDARD DEVIATION SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TARGETING TRADE OPENNESS WATER MANAGEMENT WELFARE INDICATOR
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/11/20366891/poverty-spatial-distribution-rural-population http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20616

id	okr-10986-20616
recordtype	oai_dc
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English en_US
topic	ABSOLUTE POVERTY ACCESS TO GOODS ACCESS TO INFRASTRUCTURE ACCESS TO IRRIGATION ACCESS TO MARKETS AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT AGRICULTURAL LAND AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY ARABLE LAND ARID LANDS AVERAGE INCOME AVERAGE INCOME GROWTH CHANGES IN POVERTY CHRONIC POVERTY CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE CONSUMPTION GROWTH CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA COUNTRY LEVEL CUMULATIVE DISTRIBUTION CUMULATIVE DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION DATA SETS DEMOCRACY DENSITY FUNCTION DEPENDENT VARIABLE DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS DETERMINANT OF POVERTY DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRY DEVELOPING REGION DEVELOPING REGIONS DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS DEVELOPMENT POLICY DEVELOPMENT REPORT DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH ECOLOGICAL ZONES ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMICS ECONOMICS LETTERS EMPIRICAL RESULTS ERROR TERM ESTIMATED ELASTICITY ESTIMATION RESULTS EXPLAINING CHANGES EXPLANATORY VARIABLES FARM EMPLOYMENT FARMING SYSTEMS FOOD POLICY GEOGRAPHIC POVERTY TRAPS GINI INDEX GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT GLOBAL POVERTY GROSS NATIONAL INCOME GROWTH ELASTICITY GROWTH PRO-POOR GROWTH RATE GROWTH RATES GROWTH REGRESSION GROWTH REGRESSIONS HEADCOUNT POVERTY HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS IMPACT ON POVERTY INCIDENCE OF POVERTY INCOME INCOME DISTRIBUTION INCOME ELASTICITY INCOME GROWTH INCREASE POVERTY INEQUALITY INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION LEVEL OF POVERTY LIFE EXPECTANCY LOCATION OF POPULATIONS MEAN INCOME MEAN INCOME GROWTH MEAN INCOMES MICRO MODEL MIGRATION NATIONAL ACCOUNTS NATIONAL BOUNDARIES NATURAL CAPITAL 0 HYPOTHESIS PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA INCOME POLICY BRIEF POLICY DISCUSSIONS POLICY IMPLICATIONS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POOR POOR FARMERS POOR HOUSEHOLDS POOR MARKET ACCESS POOR PEOPLE POOR SOIL QUALITY POPULATION GROUP POVERTY ANALYSIS POVERTY CHANGES POVERTY DYNAMICS POVERTY HEADCOUNT INDEX POVERTY INCIDENCE POVERTY LEVEL POVERTY LEVELS POVERTY LINE POVERTY MEASURE POVERTY MEASUREMENT POVERTY MEASURES POVERTY RATE POVERTY REDUCTION POVERTY TRAPS POVERTY-REDUCING GROWTH PRIMARY SCHOOL PROGRESS PURCHASING POWER PURCHASING POWER PARITY REDUCING POVERTY REGIONAL APPROACH REGIONAL DUMMIES REMITTANCES REMOTE AREAS REMOTE RURAL AREAS RESPECT RULE OF LAW RURAL RURAL AREAS RURAL PEOPLE RURAL POOR RURAL POPULATION RURAL POPULATIONS RURAL POVERTY SEMI-ARID REGIONS SOIL DEGRADATION SPATIAL ANALYSIS SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF POPULATION SPATIAL INEQUALITY SPATIAL POPULATION DISTRIBUTION STANDARD DEVIATION SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TARGETING TRADE OPENNESS WATER MANAGEMENT WELFARE INDICATOR
spellingShingle	ABSOLUTE POVERTY ACCESS TO GOODS ACCESS TO INFRASTRUCTURE ACCESS TO IRRIGATION ACCESS TO MARKETS AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT AGRICULTURAL LAND AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY ARABLE LAND ARID LANDS AVERAGE INCOME AVERAGE INCOME GROWTH CHANGES IN POVERTY CHRONIC POVERTY CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE CONSUMPTION GROWTH CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA COUNTRY LEVEL CUMULATIVE DISTRIBUTION CUMULATIVE DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION DATA SETS DEMOCRACY DENSITY FUNCTION DEPENDENT VARIABLE DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS DETERMINANT OF POVERTY DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRY DEVELOPING REGION DEVELOPING REGIONS DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS DEVELOPMENT POLICY DEVELOPMENT REPORT DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH ECOLOGICAL ZONES ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMICS ECONOMICS LETTERS EMPIRICAL RESULTS ERROR TERM ESTIMATED ELASTICITY ESTIMATION RESULTS EXPLAINING CHANGES EXPLANATORY VARIABLES FARM EMPLOYMENT FARMING SYSTEMS FOOD POLICY GEOGRAPHIC POVERTY TRAPS GINI INDEX GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT GLOBAL POVERTY GROSS NATIONAL INCOME GROWTH ELASTICITY GROWTH PRO-POOR GROWTH RATE GROWTH RATES GROWTH REGRESSION GROWTH REGRESSIONS HEADCOUNT POVERTY HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS IMPACT ON POVERTY INCIDENCE OF POVERTY INCOME INCOME DISTRIBUTION INCOME ELASTICITY INCOME GROWTH INCREASE POVERTY INEQUALITY INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION LEVEL OF POVERTY LIFE EXPECTANCY LOCATION OF POPULATIONS MEAN INCOME MEAN INCOME GROWTH MEAN INCOMES MICRO MODEL MIGRATION NATIONAL ACCOUNTS NATIONAL BOUNDARIES NATURAL CAPITAL 0 HYPOTHESIS PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA INCOME POLICY BRIEF POLICY DISCUSSIONS POLICY IMPLICATIONS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POOR POOR FARMERS POOR HOUSEHOLDS POOR MARKET ACCESS POOR PEOPLE POOR SOIL QUALITY POPULATION GROUP POVERTY ANALYSIS POVERTY CHANGES POVERTY DYNAMICS POVERTY HEADCOUNT INDEX POVERTY INCIDENCE POVERTY LEVEL POVERTY LEVELS POVERTY LINE POVERTY MEASURE POVERTY MEASUREMENT POVERTY MEASURES POVERTY RATE POVERTY REDUCTION POVERTY TRAPS POVERTY-REDUCING GROWTH PRIMARY SCHOOL PROGRESS PURCHASING POWER PURCHASING POWER PARITY REDUCING POVERTY REGIONAL APPROACH REGIONAL DUMMIES REMITTANCES REMOTE AREAS REMOTE RURAL AREAS RESPECT RULE OF LAW RURAL RURAL AREAS RURAL PEOPLE RURAL POOR RURAL POPULATION RURAL POPULATIONS RURAL POVERTY SEMI-ARID REGIONS SOIL DEGRADATION SPATIAL ANALYSIS SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF POPULATION SPATIAL INEQUALITY SPATIAL POPULATION DISTRIBUTION STANDARD DEVIATION SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TARGETING TRADE OPENNESS WATER MANAGEMENT WELFARE INDICATOR Barbier, Edward B. Hochard, Jacob P. Poverty and the Spatial Distribution of Rural Population
relation	Policy Research Working Paper;No. 7101
description	According to global spatial data sets in 2000 more than one-third of the rural population in developing countries was located on less favored agricultural land and areas. Less favored agricultural lands are susceptible to low productivity and degradation, because their agricultural potential is constrained biophysically by terrain, poor soil quality, or limited rainfall. Less favored agricultural areas include less favored agricultural lands plus favorable agricultural land that is remote, that is, land in rural areas with high agricultural potential but with limited access. The paper presents tests of whether these spatial distributions of rural population influence poverty directly or indirectly via income growth in 83 developing countries from 2000 to 2012. The analysis finds no evidence of a direct impact on poverty, but there is a significant indirect impact via the elasticity of poverty reduction with respect to growth. Reducing poverty requires targeting rural populations in less favored lands and remote areas, in addition to encouraging out-migration in some areas.
format	Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper
author	Barbier, Edward B. Hochard, Jacob P.
author_facet	Barbier, Edward B. Hochard, Jacob P.
author_sort	Barbier, Edward B.
title	Poverty and the Spatial Distribution of Rural Population
title_short	Poverty and the Spatial Distribution of Rural Population
title_full	Poverty and the Spatial Distribution of Rural Population
title_fullStr	Poverty and the Spatial Distribution of Rural Population
title_full_unstemmed	Poverty and the Spatial Distribution of Rural Population
title_sort	poverty and the spatial distribution of rural population
publisher	World Bank Group, Washington, DC
publishDate	2014
url	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/11/20366891/poverty-spatial-distribution-rural-population http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20616
_version_	1764446911449792512
spelling	okr-10986-206162021-04-23T14:03:59Z Poverty and the Spatial Distribution of Rural Population Barbier, Edward B. Hochard, Jacob P. ABSOLUTE POVERTY ACCESS TO GOODS ACCESS TO INFRASTRUCTURE ACCESS TO IRRIGATION ACCESS TO MARKETS AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT AGRICULTURAL LAND AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY ARABLE LAND ARID LANDS AVERAGE INCOME AVERAGE INCOME GROWTH CHANGES IN POVERTY CHRONIC POVERTY CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE CONSUMPTION GROWTH CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA COUNTRY LEVEL CUMULATIVE DISTRIBUTION CUMULATIVE DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION DATA SETS DEMOCRACY DENSITY FUNCTION DEPENDENT VARIABLE DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS DETERMINANT OF POVERTY DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRY DEVELOPING REGION DEVELOPING REGIONS DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS DEVELOPMENT POLICY DEVELOPMENT REPORT DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH ECOLOGICAL ZONES ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMICS ECONOMICS LETTERS EMPIRICAL RESULTS ERROR TERM ESTIMATED ELASTICITY ESTIMATION RESULTS EXPLAINING CHANGES EXPLANATORY VARIABLES FARM EMPLOYMENT FARMING SYSTEMS FOOD POLICY GEOGRAPHIC POVERTY TRAPS GINI INDEX GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT GLOBAL POVERTY GROSS NATIONAL INCOME GROWTH ELASTICITY GROWTH PRO-POOR GROWTH RATE GROWTH RATES GROWTH REGRESSION GROWTH REGRESSIONS HEADCOUNT POVERTY HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS IMPACT ON POVERTY INCIDENCE OF POVERTY INCOME INCOME DISTRIBUTION INCOME ELASTICITY INCOME GROWTH INCREASE POVERTY INEQUALITY INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION LEVEL OF POVERTY LIFE EXPECTANCY LOCATION OF POPULATIONS MEAN INCOME MEAN INCOME GROWTH MEAN INCOMES MICRO MODEL MIGRATION NATIONAL ACCOUNTS NATIONAL BOUNDARIES NATURAL CAPITAL 0 HYPOTHESIS PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA INCOME POLICY BRIEF POLICY DISCUSSIONS POLICY IMPLICATIONS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POOR POOR FARMERS POOR HOUSEHOLDS POOR MARKET ACCESS POOR PEOPLE POOR SOIL QUALITY POPULATION GROUP POVERTY ANALYSIS POVERTY CHANGES POVERTY DYNAMICS POVERTY HEADCOUNT INDEX POVERTY INCIDENCE POVERTY LEVEL POVERTY LEVELS POVERTY LINE POVERTY MEASURE POVERTY MEASUREMENT POVERTY MEASURES POVERTY RATE POVERTY REDUCTION POVERTY TRAPS POVERTY-REDUCING GROWTH PRIMARY SCHOOL PROGRESS PURCHASING POWER PURCHASING POWER PARITY REDUCING POVERTY REGIONAL APPROACH REGIONAL DUMMIES REMITTANCES REMOTE AREAS REMOTE RURAL AREAS RESPECT RULE OF LAW RURAL RURAL AREAS RURAL PEOPLE RURAL POOR RURAL POPULATION RURAL POPULATIONS RURAL POVERTY SEMI-ARID REGIONS SOIL DEGRADATION SPATIAL ANALYSIS SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF POPULATION SPATIAL INEQUALITY SPATIAL POPULATION DISTRIBUTION STANDARD DEVIATION SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TARGETING TRADE OPENNESS WATER MANAGEMENT WELFARE INDICATOR According to global spatial data sets in 2000 more than one-third of the rural population in developing countries was located on less favored agricultural land and areas. Less favored agricultural lands are susceptible to low productivity and degradation, because their agricultural potential is constrained biophysically by terrain, poor soil quality, or limited rainfall. Less favored agricultural areas include less favored agricultural lands plus favorable agricultural land that is remote, that is, land in rural areas with high agricultural potential but with limited access. The paper presents tests of whether these spatial distributions of rural population influence poverty directly or indirectly via income growth in 83 developing countries from 2000 to 2012. The analysis finds no evidence of a direct impact on poverty, but there is a significant indirect impact via the elasticity of poverty reduction with respect to growth. Reducing poverty requires targeting rural populations in less favored lands and remote areas, in addition to encouraging out-migration in some areas. 2014-12-03T16:00:50Z 2014-12-03T16:00:50Z 2014-11 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/11/20366891/poverty-spatial-distribution-rural-population http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20616 English en_US Policy Research Working Paper;No. 7101 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank Group, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research

Poverty and the Spatial Distribution of Rural Population

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