The Skills Road : Skills for Employability in Tajikistan
This report addresses a fundamental question facing policy makers in Tajikistan: is the current level of worker skills hindering employment outcomes? Using a unique household survey, the study finds that skills are valued in Tajikistan’s labor market, yet skills gaps persist. Jobs have been created...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Working Paper |
| Language: | English en_US |
| Published: |
World Bank, Washington, DC
2014
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/01/20241169/tajikistan-skills-road-skills-employability-tajikistan http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20388 |
| id |
okr-10986-20388 |
|---|---|
| recordtype |
oai_dc |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
ACADEMIC QUALIFICATIONS ACTIVE LABOR ACTIVE LABOR MARKET ACTIVE LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS ADULT TRAINING ADULTS AGE COHORT COGNITIVE SKILLS COGNITIVE STIMULATION COGNITIVE TEST COMPLETION RATES CRITICAL THINKING CURRICULA DECISION MAKING DEPENDENCY RATIO DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT GOALS DISSEMINATION EARLY CHILDHOOD EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC MOBILITY EDUCATED WORKERS EDUCATION ATTAINMENT EDUCATION SYSTEM EDUCATION SYSTEMS EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTS EDUCATIONAL QUALITY ELDERLY EMPLOYABILITY EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES EMPLOYMENT PROSPECTS EMPLOYMENT RATE EMPLOYMENT RATES EMPLOYMENT STATUS ENROLLMENT ENROLLMENT LEVELS EXPANDING EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES FAMILY INCOME FEMALE EMPLOYMENT FEMALE POPULATION FINDING JOBS FIRM GROWTH FORMAL SCHOOLING FORMAL TRAINING GENERAL EDUCATION GENERIC SKILLS HIGH EMPLOYMENT HIGH SCHOOL HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS HIGHER LEVEL OF EDUCATION HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HUMAN CAPITAL INFORMAL ECONOMY INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT INFORMAL SECTOR INFORMAL SECTOR WORKERS INTERNAL MIGRATION INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION INTERNATIONAL LABOR ORGANIZATION INTERNATIONAL MARKET INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION INTERPERSONAL SKILLS JOB CREATION JOB INSECURITY JOB SEARCH JOB SEARCHES JOB SECURITY JOB SEEKERS JOB VACANCIES JOBS LABOR CONTRACT LABOR DEMAND LABOR FORCE LABOR LAW LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET DEMAND LABOR MARKET INFORMATION LABOR MARKET INFORMATION SYSTEMS LABOR MARKET NEEDS LABOR MARKET OUTCOME LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES LABOR MARKET PROGRAM LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS LABOR MARKETS LABOR MIGRANTS LABOR ORGANIZATION LABOR PRODUCTIVITY LABOR SUPPLY LABOUR LABOUR MARKET LEARNING OUTCOMES LEGAL STATUS LEVELS OF EDUCATION LIFE-LONG LEARNING LITERACY LITERACY SKILLS LIVING STANDARDS LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES MARITAL STATUS MARKET ECONOMY MATHEMATICS MIGRANT MIGRANTS MODERNIZATION NUMBER OF PEOPLE NUMERACY NUTRITION OCCUPATIONS OLD AGE OLDER ADULTS OLDER WORKERS ON-THE-JOB TRAINING ON-THE-JOB TRAINING PROGRAM OPEN UNEMPLOYMENT PAYING JOBS PENSIONS PERMANENT JOB PERSONALITY PHYSICAL HEALTH PHYSICAL WORK PLACE OF RESIDENCE POLICY GOALS POLICY MAKERS POPULATION GROWTH PRESCHOOL ENROLLMENT PRIVATE ENTERPRISES PRIVATE FIRMS PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE SECTOR WORKERS PROBLEM SOLVING PRODUCTIVE EMPLOYMENT PRODUCTIVITY GAINS PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH PRODUCTIVITY LEVELS PROVISION OF SERVICES PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT SERVICES PUBLIC SECTOR JOBS PUSH FACTORS QUALITY ASSURANCE QUALITY OF EDUCATION READING READING SKILLS REAL WAGES REGIONAL COOPERATION REMITTANCE REMITTANCES RESPECT RETIREMENT RURAL AREAS SALARIED WORKERS SCHOOLING SCHOOLS SEASONAL LABOR SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY SCHOOL SERVICE SECTOR SKILL ACQUISITION SKILL DEVELOPMENT SKILL TRAINING SKILL TYPE SKILLED WORKFORCE SKILLS ASSESSMENT SKILLS DEVELOPMENT SKILLS FOR EMPLOYMENT SKILLS REQUIREMENTS SMALL BUSINESSES STAGES OF LIFE STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISE STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES STUDENT ASSESSMENT TEACHING TEACHING QUALITY TECHNICAL EDUCATION TECHNICAL SKILLS TERTIARY LEVEL TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY TRAINING PROGRAMS TRAINING SYSTEM UNIVERSAL ACCESS UNPAID FAMILY WORKERS VOCATIONAL SKILLS WAGE EMPLOYMENT WAGE GROWTH WAGE PREMIUM WORK EXPERIENCE WORKER WORKERS WORKING CONDITIONS WORKING POPULATION WORKING-AGE POPULATION WORKING-AGE POPULATIONS WORLD POPULATION YOUNG ADULTS YOUNG MEN YOUNG PEOPLE YOUNG WORKERS YOUNGER WORKERS YOUTH YOUTH LABOR |
| spellingShingle |
ACADEMIC QUALIFICATIONS ACTIVE LABOR ACTIVE LABOR MARKET ACTIVE LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS ADULT TRAINING ADULTS AGE COHORT COGNITIVE SKILLS COGNITIVE STIMULATION COGNITIVE TEST COMPLETION RATES CRITICAL THINKING CURRICULA DECISION MAKING DEPENDENCY RATIO DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT GOALS DISSEMINATION EARLY CHILDHOOD EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC MOBILITY EDUCATED WORKERS EDUCATION ATTAINMENT EDUCATION SYSTEM EDUCATION SYSTEMS EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTS EDUCATIONAL QUALITY ELDERLY EMPLOYABILITY EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES EMPLOYMENT PROSPECTS EMPLOYMENT RATE EMPLOYMENT RATES EMPLOYMENT STATUS ENROLLMENT ENROLLMENT LEVELS EXPANDING EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES FAMILY INCOME FEMALE EMPLOYMENT FEMALE POPULATION FINDING JOBS FIRM GROWTH FORMAL SCHOOLING FORMAL TRAINING GENERAL EDUCATION GENERIC SKILLS HIGH EMPLOYMENT HIGH SCHOOL HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS HIGHER LEVEL OF EDUCATION HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HUMAN CAPITAL INFORMAL ECONOMY INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT INFORMAL SECTOR INFORMAL SECTOR WORKERS INTERNAL MIGRATION INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION INTERNATIONAL LABOR ORGANIZATION INTERNATIONAL MARKET INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION INTERPERSONAL SKILLS JOB CREATION JOB INSECURITY JOB SEARCH JOB SEARCHES JOB SECURITY JOB SEEKERS JOB VACANCIES JOBS LABOR CONTRACT LABOR DEMAND LABOR FORCE LABOR LAW LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET DEMAND LABOR MARKET INFORMATION LABOR MARKET INFORMATION SYSTEMS LABOR MARKET NEEDS LABOR MARKET OUTCOME LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES LABOR MARKET PROGRAM LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS LABOR MARKETS LABOR MIGRANTS LABOR ORGANIZATION LABOR PRODUCTIVITY LABOR SUPPLY LABOUR LABOUR MARKET LEARNING OUTCOMES LEGAL STATUS LEVELS OF EDUCATION LIFE-LONG LEARNING LITERACY LITERACY SKILLS LIVING STANDARDS LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES MARITAL STATUS MARKET ECONOMY MATHEMATICS MIGRANT MIGRANTS MODERNIZATION NUMBER OF PEOPLE NUMERACY NUTRITION OCCUPATIONS OLD AGE OLDER ADULTS OLDER WORKERS ON-THE-JOB TRAINING ON-THE-JOB TRAINING PROGRAM OPEN UNEMPLOYMENT PAYING JOBS PENSIONS PERMANENT JOB PERSONALITY PHYSICAL HEALTH PHYSICAL WORK PLACE OF RESIDENCE POLICY GOALS POLICY MAKERS POPULATION GROWTH PRESCHOOL ENROLLMENT PRIVATE ENTERPRISES PRIVATE FIRMS PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE SECTOR WORKERS PROBLEM SOLVING PRODUCTIVE EMPLOYMENT PRODUCTIVITY GAINS PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH PRODUCTIVITY LEVELS PROVISION OF SERVICES PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT SERVICES PUBLIC SECTOR JOBS PUSH FACTORS QUALITY ASSURANCE QUALITY OF EDUCATION READING READING SKILLS REAL WAGES REGIONAL COOPERATION REMITTANCE REMITTANCES RESPECT RETIREMENT RURAL AREAS SALARIED WORKERS SCHOOLING SCHOOLS SEASONAL LABOR SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY SCHOOL SERVICE SECTOR SKILL ACQUISITION SKILL DEVELOPMENT SKILL TRAINING SKILL TYPE SKILLED WORKFORCE SKILLS ASSESSMENT SKILLS DEVELOPMENT SKILLS FOR EMPLOYMENT SKILLS REQUIREMENTS SMALL BUSINESSES STAGES OF LIFE STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISE STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES STUDENT ASSESSMENT TEACHING TEACHING QUALITY TECHNICAL EDUCATION TECHNICAL SKILLS TERTIARY LEVEL TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY TRAINING PROGRAMS TRAINING SYSTEM UNIVERSAL ACCESS UNPAID FAMILY WORKERS VOCATIONAL SKILLS WAGE EMPLOYMENT WAGE GROWTH WAGE PREMIUM WORK EXPERIENCE WORKER WORKERS WORKING CONDITIONS WORKING POPULATION WORKING-AGE POPULATION WORKING-AGE POPULATIONS WORLD POPULATION YOUNG ADULTS YOUNG MEN YOUNG PEOPLE YOUNG WORKERS YOUNGER WORKERS YOUTH YOUTH LABOR Ajwad, Mohamed Ihsan Hut, Stefan Abdulloev, Ilhom Audy, Robin de Laat, Joost Kataoka, Sachiko Larrison, Jennica Nikoloski, Zlatko Torracchi, Federico The Skills Road : Skills for Employability in Tajikistan |
| geographic_facet |
Europe and Central Asia Tajikistan |
| description |
This report addresses a fundamental question facing policy makers in Tajikistan: is the current level of worker skills hindering employment outcomes? Using a unique household survey, the study finds that skills are valued in Tajikistan’s labor market, yet skills gaps persist. Jobs have been created in more knowledge-intensive occupations and in the service sector as opposed to the more traditional manual jobs, and employment outcomes are stronger for workers with better skills. Analysis of worker skills shows that workers with better cognitive and non-cognitive skills are typically more likely to have the highly sought-after formal sector jobs; and in fact make more frequent and intense use of mathematics and reading skills on the job. Furthermore, workers with better non-cognitive skills tend to become supervisors. The study finds that there are large variations in observed skills among those with the same level of educational attainment, indicating that formal education is failing too many people even though skills are developed during different stages in the life cycle and a host of actors are involved—families, for example, play a central role. The report’s conclusion is that the government could shift the focus from providing access to educational institutions and instead focus on providing the skills (cognitive, non-cognitive, and technical) students need to succeed as adults. The government can also do more to get children off to the right start by investing in early childhood development programs, where rates of return to investment are generally very high and important soft skills are learned. Finally, more can be done to match worker skills with employer demand by improving the use of information in matching skills to jobs in the labor market. |
| format |
Publications & Research :: Working Paper |
| author |
Ajwad, Mohamed Ihsan Hut, Stefan Abdulloev, Ilhom Audy, Robin de Laat, Joost Kataoka, Sachiko Larrison, Jennica Nikoloski, Zlatko Torracchi, Federico |
| author_facet |
Ajwad, Mohamed Ihsan Hut, Stefan Abdulloev, Ilhom Audy, Robin de Laat, Joost Kataoka, Sachiko Larrison, Jennica Nikoloski, Zlatko Torracchi, Federico |
| author_sort |
Ajwad, Mohamed Ihsan |
| title |
The Skills Road : Skills for Employability in Tajikistan |
| title_short |
The Skills Road : Skills for Employability in Tajikistan |
| title_full |
The Skills Road : Skills for Employability in Tajikistan |
| title_fullStr |
The Skills Road : Skills for Employability in Tajikistan |
| title_full_unstemmed |
The Skills Road : Skills for Employability in Tajikistan |
| title_sort |
skills road : skills for employability in tajikistan |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2014 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/01/20241169/tajikistan-skills-road-skills-employability-tajikistan http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20388 |
| _version_ |
1764445287700496384 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-203882021-04-23T14:03:55Z The Skills Road : Skills for Employability in Tajikistan Ajwad, Mohamed Ihsan Hut, Stefan Abdulloev, Ilhom Audy, Robin de Laat, Joost Kataoka, Sachiko Larrison, Jennica Nikoloski, Zlatko Torracchi, Federico ACADEMIC QUALIFICATIONS ACTIVE LABOR ACTIVE LABOR MARKET ACTIVE LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS ADULT TRAINING ADULTS AGE COHORT COGNITIVE SKILLS COGNITIVE STIMULATION COGNITIVE TEST COMPLETION RATES CRITICAL THINKING CURRICULA DECISION MAKING DEPENDENCY RATIO DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT GOALS DISSEMINATION EARLY CHILDHOOD EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC MOBILITY EDUCATED WORKERS EDUCATION ATTAINMENT EDUCATION SYSTEM EDUCATION SYSTEMS EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTS EDUCATIONAL QUALITY ELDERLY EMPLOYABILITY EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES EMPLOYMENT PROSPECTS EMPLOYMENT RATE EMPLOYMENT RATES EMPLOYMENT STATUS ENROLLMENT ENROLLMENT LEVELS EXPANDING EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES FAMILY INCOME FEMALE EMPLOYMENT FEMALE POPULATION FINDING JOBS FIRM GROWTH FORMAL SCHOOLING FORMAL TRAINING GENERAL EDUCATION GENERIC SKILLS HIGH EMPLOYMENT HIGH SCHOOL HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS HIGHER LEVEL OF EDUCATION HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HUMAN CAPITAL INFORMAL ECONOMY INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT INFORMAL SECTOR INFORMAL SECTOR WORKERS INTERNAL MIGRATION INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION INTERNATIONAL LABOR ORGANIZATION INTERNATIONAL MARKET INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION INTERPERSONAL SKILLS JOB CREATION JOB INSECURITY JOB SEARCH JOB SEARCHES JOB SECURITY JOB SEEKERS JOB VACANCIES JOBS LABOR CONTRACT LABOR DEMAND LABOR FORCE LABOR LAW LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET DEMAND LABOR MARKET INFORMATION LABOR MARKET INFORMATION SYSTEMS LABOR MARKET NEEDS LABOR MARKET OUTCOME LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES LABOR MARKET PROGRAM LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS LABOR MARKETS LABOR MIGRANTS LABOR ORGANIZATION LABOR PRODUCTIVITY LABOR SUPPLY LABOUR LABOUR MARKET LEARNING OUTCOMES LEGAL STATUS LEVELS OF EDUCATION LIFE-LONG LEARNING LITERACY LITERACY SKILLS LIVING STANDARDS LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES MARITAL STATUS MARKET ECONOMY MATHEMATICS MIGRANT MIGRANTS MODERNIZATION NUMBER OF PEOPLE NUMERACY NUTRITION OCCUPATIONS OLD AGE OLDER ADULTS OLDER WORKERS ON-THE-JOB TRAINING ON-THE-JOB TRAINING PROGRAM OPEN UNEMPLOYMENT PAYING JOBS PENSIONS PERMANENT JOB PERSONALITY PHYSICAL HEALTH PHYSICAL WORK PLACE OF RESIDENCE POLICY GOALS POLICY MAKERS POPULATION GROWTH PRESCHOOL ENROLLMENT PRIVATE ENTERPRISES PRIVATE FIRMS PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE SECTOR WORKERS PROBLEM SOLVING PRODUCTIVE EMPLOYMENT PRODUCTIVITY GAINS PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH PRODUCTIVITY LEVELS PROVISION OF SERVICES PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT SERVICES PUBLIC SECTOR JOBS PUSH FACTORS QUALITY ASSURANCE QUALITY OF EDUCATION READING READING SKILLS REAL WAGES REGIONAL COOPERATION REMITTANCE REMITTANCES RESPECT RETIREMENT RURAL AREAS SALARIED WORKERS SCHOOLING SCHOOLS SEASONAL LABOR SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY SCHOOL SERVICE SECTOR SKILL ACQUISITION SKILL DEVELOPMENT SKILL TRAINING SKILL TYPE SKILLED WORKFORCE SKILLS ASSESSMENT SKILLS DEVELOPMENT SKILLS FOR EMPLOYMENT SKILLS REQUIREMENTS SMALL BUSINESSES STAGES OF LIFE STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISE STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES STUDENT ASSESSMENT TEACHING TEACHING QUALITY TECHNICAL EDUCATION TECHNICAL SKILLS TERTIARY LEVEL TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY TRAINING PROGRAMS TRAINING SYSTEM UNIVERSAL ACCESS UNPAID FAMILY WORKERS VOCATIONAL SKILLS WAGE EMPLOYMENT WAGE GROWTH WAGE PREMIUM WORK EXPERIENCE WORKER WORKERS WORKING CONDITIONS WORKING POPULATION WORKING-AGE POPULATION WORKING-AGE POPULATIONS WORLD POPULATION YOUNG ADULTS YOUNG MEN YOUNG PEOPLE YOUNG WORKERS YOUNGER WORKERS YOUTH YOUTH LABOR This report addresses a fundamental question facing policy makers in Tajikistan: is the current level of worker skills hindering employment outcomes? Using a unique household survey, the study finds that skills are valued in Tajikistan’s labor market, yet skills gaps persist. Jobs have been created in more knowledge-intensive occupations and in the service sector as opposed to the more traditional manual jobs, and employment outcomes are stronger for workers with better skills. Analysis of worker skills shows that workers with better cognitive and non-cognitive skills are typically more likely to have the highly sought-after formal sector jobs; and in fact make more frequent and intense use of mathematics and reading skills on the job. Furthermore, workers with better non-cognitive skills tend to become supervisors. The study finds that there are large variations in observed skills among those with the same level of educational attainment, indicating that formal education is failing too many people even though skills are developed during different stages in the life cycle and a host of actors are involved—families, for example, play a central role. The report’s conclusion is that the government could shift the focus from providing access to educational institutions and instead focus on providing the skills (cognitive, non-cognitive, and technical) students need to succeed as adults. The government can also do more to get children off to the right start by investing in early childhood development programs, where rates of return to investment are generally very high and important soft skills are learned. Finally, more can be done to match worker skills with employer demand by improving the use of information in matching skills to jobs in the labor market. 2014-10-08T13:34:26Z 2014-10-08T13:34:26Z 2014-09 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/01/20241169/tajikistan-skills-road-skills-employability-tajikistan http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20388 English en_US CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Working Paper Publications & Research Europe and Central Asia Tajikistan |