Who Benefits from Government Health Spending and Why? A Global Assessment

This paper uses a common household survey instrument and a common set of imputation assumptions to estimate the pro-poorness of government health expenditure across 69 countries at all levels of income. On average, government health expenditure eme...

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Main Authors:	Wagstaff, Adam, Bilger, Marcel, Buisman, Leander R., Bredenkamp, Caryn
Format:	Policy Research Working Paper
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank Group, Washington, DC 2014
Subjects:	ABBREVIATIONS AVERAGE COSTS BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT CAPITATION CLASSIFICATION CLINICS CONSUMER PRICE INDEX CRIME DECISION TREE DESCRIPTION DEVELOPMENT POLICY DISEASE CONTROL DOCTORS ELASTICITY EXERCISES FOREIGN TRADE FUTURE RESEARCH FUTURE STUDIES GDP GDP PER CAPITA GOVERNMENT SERVICES GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT PER CAPITA HEALTH CARE HEALTH CARE UTILIZATION HEALTH EXPENDITURE HEALTH FACILITIES HEALTH FOR ALL HEALTH INDICATORS HEALTH INSURANCE HEALTH MINISTRIES HEALTH ORGANIZATION HEALTH PLANS HEALTH POLICY HEALTH SECTOR HEALTH SERVICE HEALTH SERVICES HEALTH STATUS HEALTH SYSTEM HOSPITAL ADMISSION HOSPITALS HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IMPUTATION IMPUTATION METHODS INCIDENCE ANALYSIS INCOME INCOME DISTRIBUTION INCOME TAXES INDICES INPATIENT CARE IP LIVING STANDARDS NATIONAL INCOME NUTRITION OPEN ACCESS OUTPATIENT CARE PATIENTS PER CAPITA INCOME PER CAPITA INCOMES PRICE CONTROLS PRIMARY CARE PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE SECTORS PUBLIC HEALTH RESULT RESULTS SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS SUPERVISION USE VALUE USER USERS USES VOTERS
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/09/20229062/benefits-government-health-spending-global-assessment http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20376

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spelling	okr-10986-203762021-04-23T14:03:55Z Who Benefits from Government Health Spending and Why? A Global Assessment Wagstaff, Adam Bilger, Marcel Buisman, Leander R. Bredenkamp, Caryn ABBREVIATIONS AVERAGE COSTS BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT CAPITATION CLASSIFICATION CLINICS CONSUMER PRICE INDEX CRIME DECISION TREE DESCRIPTION DEVELOPMENT POLICY DISEASE CONTROL DOCTORS ELASTICITY EXERCISES FOREIGN TRADE FUTURE RESEARCH FUTURE STUDIES GDP GDP PER CAPITA GOVERNMENT SERVICES GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT PER CAPITA HEALTH CARE HEALTH CARE UTILIZATION HEALTH EXPENDITURE HEALTH FACILITIES HEALTH FOR ALL HEALTH INDICATORS HEALTH INSURANCE HEALTH MINISTRIES HEALTH ORGANIZATION HEALTH PLANS HEALTH POLICY HEALTH SECTOR HEALTH SERVICE HEALTH SERVICES HEALTH STATUS HEALTH SYSTEM HOSPITAL ADMISSION HOSPITALS HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IMPUTATION IMPUTATION METHODS INCIDENCE ANALYSIS INCOME INCOME DISTRIBUTION INCOME TAXES INDICES INPATIENT CARE IP LIVING STANDARDS NATIONAL INCOME NUTRITION OPEN ACCESS OUTPATIENT CARE PATIENTS PER CAPITA INCOME PER CAPITA INCOMES PRICE CONTROLS PRIMARY CARE PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE SECTORS PUBLIC HEALTH RESULT RESULTS SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS SUPERVISION USE VALUE USER USERS USES VOTERS This paper uses a common household survey instrument and a common set of imputation assumptions to estimate the pro-poorness of government health expenditure across 69 countries at all levels of income. On average, government health expenditure emerges as significantly pro-rich, but there is heterogeneity across countries: in the majority, government health expenditure is neither pro-rich nor pro-poor, while in a small minority it is pro-rich, and in an even smaller minority it is pro-poor. Government health expenditure on contracted private facilities emerges as significantly pro-rich for all types of care, and in almost all Asian countries government health expenditure overall is significantly pro-rich. The pro-poorness of government health expenditure at the country level is significantly and positively correlated with gross domestic product per capita and government health expenditure per capita, significantly and negatively correlated with the share of government facility revenues coming from user fees, and significantly and positively correlated with six measures of the quality of a country's governance; it is not, however, correlated with the size of the private sector nor with the degree to which the private sector delivers care disproportionately to the better-off. Because poorly-governed countries are underrepresented in the sample, government health expenditure is likely to be even more pro-rich in the world as a whole than it is in the countries in this study. 2014-10-06T20:42:21Z 2014-10-06T20:42:21Z 2014-09 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/09/20229062/benefits-government-health-spending-global-assessment http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20376 English en_US Policy Research Working Paper;No. 7044 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank Group, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research Asia
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English en_US
topic	ABBREVIATIONS AVERAGE COSTS BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT CAPITATION CLASSIFICATION CLINICS CONSUMER PRICE INDEX CRIME DECISION TREE DESCRIPTION DEVELOPMENT POLICY DISEASE CONTROL DOCTORS ELASTICITY EXERCISES FOREIGN TRADE FUTURE RESEARCH FUTURE STUDIES GDP GDP PER CAPITA GOVERNMENT SERVICES GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT PER CAPITA HEALTH CARE HEALTH CARE UTILIZATION HEALTH EXPENDITURE HEALTH FACILITIES HEALTH FOR ALL HEALTH INDICATORS HEALTH INSURANCE HEALTH MINISTRIES HEALTH ORGANIZATION HEALTH PLANS HEALTH POLICY HEALTH SECTOR HEALTH SERVICE HEALTH SERVICES HEALTH STATUS HEALTH SYSTEM HOSPITAL ADMISSION HOSPITALS HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IMPUTATION IMPUTATION METHODS INCIDENCE ANALYSIS INCOME INCOME DISTRIBUTION INCOME TAXES INDICES INPATIENT CARE IP LIVING STANDARDS NATIONAL INCOME NUTRITION OPEN ACCESS OUTPATIENT CARE PATIENTS PER CAPITA INCOME PER CAPITA INCOMES PRICE CONTROLS PRIMARY CARE PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE SECTORS PUBLIC HEALTH RESULT RESULTS SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS SUPERVISION USE VALUE USER USERS USES VOTERS
spellingShingle	ABBREVIATIONS AVERAGE COSTS BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT CAPITATION CLASSIFICATION CLINICS CONSUMER PRICE INDEX CRIME DECISION TREE DESCRIPTION DEVELOPMENT POLICY DISEASE CONTROL DOCTORS ELASTICITY EXERCISES FOREIGN TRADE FUTURE RESEARCH FUTURE STUDIES GDP GDP PER CAPITA GOVERNMENT SERVICES GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT PER CAPITA HEALTH CARE HEALTH CARE UTILIZATION HEALTH EXPENDITURE HEALTH FACILITIES HEALTH FOR ALL HEALTH INDICATORS HEALTH INSURANCE HEALTH MINISTRIES HEALTH ORGANIZATION HEALTH PLANS HEALTH POLICY HEALTH SECTOR HEALTH SERVICE HEALTH SERVICES HEALTH STATUS HEALTH SYSTEM HOSPITAL ADMISSION HOSPITALS HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IMPUTATION IMPUTATION METHODS INCIDENCE ANALYSIS INCOME INCOME DISTRIBUTION INCOME TAXES INDICES INPATIENT CARE IP LIVING STANDARDS NATIONAL INCOME NUTRITION OPEN ACCESS OUTPATIENT CARE PATIENTS PER CAPITA INCOME PER CAPITA INCOMES PRICE CONTROLS PRIMARY CARE PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE SECTORS PUBLIC HEALTH RESULT RESULTS SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS SUPERVISION USE VALUE USER USERS USES VOTERS Wagstaff, Adam Bilger, Marcel Buisman, Leander R. Bredenkamp, Caryn Who Benefits from Government Health Spending and Why? A Global Assessment
geographic_facet	Asia
relation	Policy Research Working Paper;No. 7044
description	This paper uses a common household survey instrument and a common set of imputation assumptions to estimate the pro-poorness of government health expenditure across 69 countries at all levels of income. On average, government health expenditure emerges as significantly pro-rich, but there is heterogeneity across countries: in the majority, government health expenditure is neither pro-rich nor pro-poor, while in a small minority it is pro-rich, and in an even smaller minority it is pro-poor. Government health expenditure on contracted private facilities emerges as significantly pro-rich for all types of care, and in almost all Asian countries government health expenditure overall is significantly pro-rich. The pro-poorness of government health expenditure at the country level is significantly and positively correlated with gross domestic product per capita and government health expenditure per capita, significantly and negatively correlated with the share of government facility revenues coming from user fees, and significantly and positively correlated with six measures of the quality of a country's governance; it is not, however, correlated with the size of the private sector nor with the degree to which the private sector delivers care disproportionately to the better-off. Because poorly-governed countries are underrepresented in the sample, government health expenditure is likely to be even more pro-rich in the world as a whole than it is in the countries in this study.
format	Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper
author	Wagstaff, Adam Bilger, Marcel Buisman, Leander R. Bredenkamp, Caryn
author_facet	Wagstaff, Adam Bilger, Marcel Buisman, Leander R. Bredenkamp, Caryn
author_sort	Wagstaff, Adam
title	Who Benefits from Government Health Spending and Why? A Global Assessment
title_short	Who Benefits from Government Health Spending and Why? A Global Assessment
title_full	Who Benefits from Government Health Spending and Why? A Global Assessment
title_fullStr	Who Benefits from Government Health Spending and Why? A Global Assessment
title_full_unstemmed	Who Benefits from Government Health Spending and Why? A Global Assessment
title_sort	who benefits from government health spending and why? a global assessment
publisher	World Bank Group, Washington, DC
publishDate	2014
url	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/09/20229062/benefits-government-health-spending-global-assessment http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20376
_version_	1764445194829168640

Who Benefits from Government Health Spending and Why? A Global Assessment

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