Measuring Inequality of Opportunity with Imperfect Data : The Case of Turkey

The measurement of inequality of opportunity has hitherto not been attempted in a number of countries because of data limitations. This paper proposes two alternative approaches to circumventing the missing data problems in countries where a demogr...

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Main Authors:	Ferreira, Francisco H.G., Gignoux, Jeremie, Aran, Meltem
Format:	Policy Research Working Paper
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2014
Subjects:	ADULT POPULATION AGRICULTURAL LAND ASSETS AVERAGING BENCHMARK BETWEEN-GROUP INEQUALITY CD CONSUMPTION CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES CONSUMPTION INEQUALITY DATA SET DATA SETS DECOMPOSITION OF INEQUALITY DECREASING FUNCTION DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS DISADVANTAGED GROUPS DISCRIMINATION DISTRIBUTION DISTRIBUTION FUNCTIONS DISTRIBUTION OF OPPORTUNITIES DISTRIBUTIONS OF WEALTH DURABLE GOODS EARLY MARRIAGE ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC INEQUALITY ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY ECONOMIC OUTCOMES ECONOMIC STUDIES ECONOMIC THEORY EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS EMPIRICAL ESTIMATES EMPIRICAL STUDIES EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES EQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY EQUITY FORMAL EDUCATION FUNCTIONAL FORM FUTURE RESEARCH GINI COEFFICIENT GROUP MEANS GROWTH PROCESS HETEROSKEDASTICITY HOUSEHOLD BUDGET HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION HOUSEHOLD HEAD HOUSEHOLD HEAD AGE HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD MEMBERS HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD WELFARE HUMAN CAPITAL INCENTIVES INCOME INCOME DIFFERENTIALS INCOME INEQUALITY INCOME LEVELS INCOMES INDIVIDUAL CHOICES INEQUALITY INDEX INEQUALITY MEASURE INEQUALITY MEASUREMENT INEQUALITY MEASURES INEQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITIES INEQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY INEQUALITY TRAPS LEVELS OF EDUCATION LEVELS OF INEQUALITY LINEAR REGRESSION LINEAR RELATIONSHIP LIVING CONDITIONS MARRIED WOMEN MEAN LOG DEVIATION MEASURE OF INEQUALITY MEASURES OF INEQUALITY MEASURING INEQUALITY MOTHER MOTHER TONGUES NATIONAL LEVEL NUMBER OF CHILDREN OPPORTUNITY SET OPPORTUNITY SETS OUTCOMES OVERALL INEQUALITY OWNERSHIP PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POLITICS POOR POPULATION SHARE POPULATION SUBGROUPS POVERTY POVERTY MAPPING PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIMARY SCHOOL PRODUCT PROGRESS PUBLIC AFFAIRS PUBLIC ECONOMICS REGIONAL DIFFERENCES REGIONAL DUMMIES RELATIVE IMPORTANCE RENT RESIDUAL TERM RUNNING WATER RURAL RURAL AREA RURAL AREAS SANITATION SCARCE RESOURCES SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY SCHOOL SHARES SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES SOCIAL JUSTICE SOCIAL POLICY SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS STATISTICAL ANALYSIS TARGETING TELEVISION TOTAL INEQUALITY TRADE TRANSFERS TV UNEQUAL OPPORTUNITIES URBAN AREAS UTILITY VALUE VARIABLES WEALTH WELFARE WOMAN WORKSHOP
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2010/02/11771676/measuring-inequality-opportunity-imperfect-data-case-turkey http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19918

id	okr-10986-19918
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	okr-10986-199182021-04-23T14:03:52Z Measuring Inequality of Opportunity with Imperfect Data : The Case of Turkey Ferreira, Francisco H.G. Gignoux, Jeremie Aran, Meltem ADULT POPULATION AGRICULTURAL LAND ASSETS AVERAGING BENCHMARK BETWEEN-GROUP INEQUALITY CD CONSUMPTION CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES CONSUMPTION INEQUALITY DATA SET DATA SETS DECOMPOSITION OF INEQUALITY DECREASING FUNCTION DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS DISADVANTAGED GROUPS DISCRIMINATION DISTRIBUTION DISTRIBUTION FUNCTIONS DISTRIBUTION OF OPPORTUNITIES DISTRIBUTIONS OF WEALTH DURABLE GOODS EARLY MARRIAGE ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC INEQUALITY ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY ECONOMIC OUTCOMES ECONOMIC STUDIES ECONOMIC THEORY EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS EMPIRICAL ESTIMATES EMPIRICAL STUDIES EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES EQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY EQUITY FORMAL EDUCATION FUNCTIONAL FORM FUTURE RESEARCH GINI COEFFICIENT GROUP MEANS GROWTH PROCESS HETEROSKEDASTICITY HOUSEHOLD BUDGET HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION HOUSEHOLD HEAD HOUSEHOLD HEAD AGE HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD MEMBERS HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD WELFARE HUMAN CAPITAL INCENTIVES INCOME INCOME DIFFERENTIALS INCOME INEQUALITY INCOME LEVELS INCOMES INDIVIDUAL CHOICES INEQUALITY INDEX INEQUALITY MEASURE INEQUALITY MEASUREMENT INEQUALITY MEASURES INEQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITIES INEQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY INEQUALITY TRAPS LEVELS OF EDUCATION LEVELS OF INEQUALITY LINEAR REGRESSION LINEAR RELATIONSHIP LIVING CONDITIONS MARRIED WOMEN MEAN LOG DEVIATION MEASURE OF INEQUALITY MEASURES OF INEQUALITY MEASURING INEQUALITY MOTHER MOTHER TONGUES NATIONAL LEVEL NUMBER OF CHILDREN OPPORTUNITY SET OPPORTUNITY SETS OUTCOMES OVERALL INEQUALITY OWNERSHIP PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POLITICS POOR POPULATION SHARE POPULATION SUBGROUPS POVERTY POVERTY MAPPING PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIMARY SCHOOL PRODUCT PROGRESS PUBLIC AFFAIRS PUBLIC ECONOMICS REGIONAL DIFFERENCES REGIONAL DUMMIES RELATIVE IMPORTANCE RENT RESIDUAL TERM RUNNING WATER RURAL RURAL AREA RURAL AREAS SANITATION SCARCE RESOURCES SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY SCHOOL SHARES SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES SOCIAL JUSTICE SOCIAL POLICY SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS STATISTICAL ANALYSIS TARGETING TELEVISION TOTAL INEQUALITY TRADE TRANSFERS TV UNEQUAL OPPORTUNITIES URBAN AREAS UTILITY VALUE VARIABLES WEALTH WELFARE WOMAN WORKSHOP The measurement of inequality of opportunity has hitherto not been attempted in a number of countries because of data limitations. This paper proposes two alternative approaches to circumventing the missing data problems in countries where a demographic and health survey and an ancillary household expenditure survey are available. One method relies only on the demographic and health survey, and constructs a wealth index as a measure of economic advantage. The alternative method imputes consumption from the ancillary survey into the demographic and health survey. In both cases, the between-type share of overall inequality is computed as a lower bound estimator of inequality of opportunity. Parametric and non-parametric estimates are calculated for both methods, and the parametric approach is shown to yield preferable lower-bound measures. In an application to the sample of ever-married women aged 30-49 in Turkey, inequality of opportunity accounts for at least 26 percent (31 percent) of overall inequality in imputed consumption (the wealth index). 2014-09-02T18:22:24Z 2014-09-02T18:22:24Z 2010-02 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2010/02/11771676/measuring-inequality-opportunity-imperfect-data-case-turkey http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19918 English en_US Policy Research Working Paper;No. 5204 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research Europe and Central Asia Turkey
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English en_US
topic	ADULT POPULATION AGRICULTURAL LAND ASSETS AVERAGING BENCHMARK BETWEEN-GROUP INEQUALITY CD CONSUMPTION CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES CONSUMPTION INEQUALITY DATA SET DATA SETS DECOMPOSITION OF INEQUALITY DECREASING FUNCTION DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS DISADVANTAGED GROUPS DISCRIMINATION DISTRIBUTION DISTRIBUTION FUNCTIONS DISTRIBUTION OF OPPORTUNITIES DISTRIBUTIONS OF WEALTH DURABLE GOODS EARLY MARRIAGE ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC INEQUALITY ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY ECONOMIC OUTCOMES ECONOMIC STUDIES ECONOMIC THEORY EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS EMPIRICAL ESTIMATES EMPIRICAL STUDIES EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES EQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY EQUITY FORMAL EDUCATION FUNCTIONAL FORM FUTURE RESEARCH GINI COEFFICIENT GROUP MEANS GROWTH PROCESS HETEROSKEDASTICITY HOUSEHOLD BUDGET HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION HOUSEHOLD HEAD HOUSEHOLD HEAD AGE HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD MEMBERS HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD WELFARE HUMAN CAPITAL INCENTIVES INCOME INCOME DIFFERENTIALS INCOME INEQUALITY INCOME LEVELS INCOMES INDIVIDUAL CHOICES INEQUALITY INDEX INEQUALITY MEASURE INEQUALITY MEASUREMENT INEQUALITY MEASURES INEQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITIES INEQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY INEQUALITY TRAPS LEVELS OF EDUCATION LEVELS OF INEQUALITY LINEAR REGRESSION LINEAR RELATIONSHIP LIVING CONDITIONS MARRIED WOMEN MEAN LOG DEVIATION MEASURE OF INEQUALITY MEASURES OF INEQUALITY MEASURING INEQUALITY MOTHER MOTHER TONGUES NATIONAL LEVEL NUMBER OF CHILDREN OPPORTUNITY SET OPPORTUNITY SETS OUTCOMES OVERALL INEQUALITY OWNERSHIP PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POLITICS POOR POPULATION SHARE POPULATION SUBGROUPS POVERTY POVERTY MAPPING PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIMARY SCHOOL PRODUCT PROGRESS PUBLIC AFFAIRS PUBLIC ECONOMICS REGIONAL DIFFERENCES REGIONAL DUMMIES RELATIVE IMPORTANCE RENT RESIDUAL TERM RUNNING WATER RURAL RURAL AREA RURAL AREAS SANITATION SCARCE RESOURCES SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY SCHOOL SHARES SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES SOCIAL JUSTICE SOCIAL POLICY SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS STATISTICAL ANALYSIS TARGETING TELEVISION TOTAL INEQUALITY TRADE TRANSFERS TV UNEQUAL OPPORTUNITIES URBAN AREAS UTILITY VALUE VARIABLES WEALTH WELFARE WOMAN WORKSHOP
spellingShingle	ADULT POPULATION AGRICULTURAL LAND ASSETS AVERAGING BENCHMARK BETWEEN-GROUP INEQUALITY CD CONSUMPTION CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES CONSUMPTION INEQUALITY DATA SET DATA SETS DECOMPOSITION OF INEQUALITY DECREASING FUNCTION DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS DISADVANTAGED GROUPS DISCRIMINATION DISTRIBUTION DISTRIBUTION FUNCTIONS DISTRIBUTION OF OPPORTUNITIES DISTRIBUTIONS OF WEALTH DURABLE GOODS EARLY MARRIAGE ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC INEQUALITY ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY ECONOMIC OUTCOMES ECONOMIC STUDIES ECONOMIC THEORY EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS EMPIRICAL ESTIMATES EMPIRICAL STUDIES EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES EQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY EQUITY FORMAL EDUCATION FUNCTIONAL FORM FUTURE RESEARCH GINI COEFFICIENT GROUP MEANS GROWTH PROCESS HETEROSKEDASTICITY HOUSEHOLD BUDGET HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION HOUSEHOLD HEAD HOUSEHOLD HEAD AGE HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD MEMBERS HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD WELFARE HUMAN CAPITAL INCENTIVES INCOME INCOME DIFFERENTIALS INCOME INEQUALITY INCOME LEVELS INCOMES INDIVIDUAL CHOICES INEQUALITY INDEX INEQUALITY MEASURE INEQUALITY MEASUREMENT INEQUALITY MEASURES INEQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITIES INEQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY INEQUALITY TRAPS LEVELS OF EDUCATION LEVELS OF INEQUALITY LINEAR REGRESSION LINEAR RELATIONSHIP LIVING CONDITIONS MARRIED WOMEN MEAN LOG DEVIATION MEASURE OF INEQUALITY MEASURES OF INEQUALITY MEASURING INEQUALITY MOTHER MOTHER TONGUES NATIONAL LEVEL NUMBER OF CHILDREN OPPORTUNITY SET OPPORTUNITY SETS OUTCOMES OVERALL INEQUALITY OWNERSHIP PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POLITICS POOR POPULATION SHARE POPULATION SUBGROUPS POVERTY POVERTY MAPPING PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIMARY SCHOOL PRODUCT PROGRESS PUBLIC AFFAIRS PUBLIC ECONOMICS REGIONAL DIFFERENCES REGIONAL DUMMIES RELATIVE IMPORTANCE RENT RESIDUAL TERM RUNNING WATER RURAL RURAL AREA RURAL AREAS SANITATION SCARCE RESOURCES SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY SCHOOL SHARES SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES SOCIAL JUSTICE SOCIAL POLICY SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS STATISTICAL ANALYSIS TARGETING TELEVISION TOTAL INEQUALITY TRADE TRANSFERS TV UNEQUAL OPPORTUNITIES URBAN AREAS UTILITY VALUE VARIABLES WEALTH WELFARE WOMAN WORKSHOP Ferreira, Francisco H.G. Gignoux, Jeremie Aran, Meltem Measuring Inequality of Opportunity with Imperfect Data : The Case of Turkey
geographic_facet	Europe and Central Asia Turkey
relation	Policy Research Working Paper;No. 5204
description	The measurement of inequality of opportunity has hitherto not been attempted in a number of countries because of data limitations. This paper proposes two alternative approaches to circumventing the missing data problems in countries where a demographic and health survey and an ancillary household expenditure survey are available. One method relies only on the demographic and health survey, and constructs a wealth index as a measure of economic advantage. The alternative method imputes consumption from the ancillary survey into the demographic and health survey. In both cases, the between-type share of overall inequality is computed as a lower bound estimator of inequality of opportunity. Parametric and non-parametric estimates are calculated for both methods, and the parametric approach is shown to yield preferable lower-bound measures. In an application to the sample of ever-married women aged 30-49 in Turkey, inequality of opportunity accounts for at least 26 percent (31 percent) of overall inequality in imputed consumption (the wealth index).
format	Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper
author	Ferreira, Francisco H.G. Gignoux, Jeremie Aran, Meltem
author_facet	Ferreira, Francisco H.G. Gignoux, Jeremie Aran, Meltem
author_sort	Ferreira, Francisco H.G.
title	Measuring Inequality of Opportunity with Imperfect Data : The Case of Turkey
title_short	Measuring Inequality of Opportunity with Imperfect Data : The Case of Turkey
title_full	Measuring Inequality of Opportunity with Imperfect Data : The Case of Turkey
title_fullStr	Measuring Inequality of Opportunity with Imperfect Data : The Case of Turkey
title_full_unstemmed	Measuring Inequality of Opportunity with Imperfect Data : The Case of Turkey
title_sort	measuring inequality of opportunity with imperfect data : the case of turkey
publisher	World Bank, Washington, DC
publishDate	2014
url	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2010/02/11771676/measuring-inequality-opportunity-imperfect-data-case-turkey http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19918
_version_	1764444049647861760

Measuring Inequality of Opportunity with Imperfect Data : The Case of Turkey

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