Gender Inequality in the Labor Market in Serbia
This paper presents a broad overview of labor market indicators for men and women in Serbia with a focus on employment patterns, entrepreneurship and career advancement as well as earnings differentials. The analysis relies primarily on the results...
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| Format: | Policy Research Working Paper |
| Language: | English en_US |
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World Bank, Washington, DC
2014
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/03/15959573/gender-inequality-labor-market-serbia http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19873 |
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okr-10986-19873 |
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| recordtype |
oai_dc |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
ACCESS TO EDUCATION ACCESS TO JOBS ADULTS AGE CATEGORIES AGE CATEGORY AGE GROUP AGE GROUPS AGED BREADWINNER BUSINESS WOMEN CAREER ADVANCEMENT CHILD CARE CITIZENS CLERKS CORRUPTION CRIME DEVELOPMENT POLICY DISCRIMINATION DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN DISCRIMINATORY PRACTICES EARNINGS REGRESSION ECONOMIC GROWTH EDUCATED MEN EDUCATED WOMEN EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS EDUCATIONAL LEVEL EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS EMPLOYEE EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT GENERATION EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK EMPLOYMENT PATTERNS EMPLOYMENT RATE EMPLOYMENT RATE OF WOMEN ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITIES EQUAL ACCESS EQUAL ACCESS TO EDUCATION EQUAL TREATMENT EQUALITY BETWEEN WOMEN EU FAMILY INCOME FAMILY RESPONSIBILITIES FEMALE FEMALE EMPLOYEES FEMALE ENTREPRENEURS FEMALE LABOR FEMALE LABOR FORCE FEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION FEMALE WORKERS FEMALES FLEXIBLE WORK ARRANGEMENTS FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSIONS GAINFUL EMPLOYMENT GENDER GENDER BIAS GENDER DIFFERENCES GENDER DISPARITIES GENDER DISPARITY GENDER EQUALITY GENDER EQUALITY COUNCIL GENDER INEQUALITIES GENDER INEQUALITY GENDER ROLES GENDERS GROWTH OF WOMEN HOUSEHOLD RESPONSIBILITIES HUMAN RESOURCES HUSBAND INFORMAL SECTOR INHERITANCE INSURANCE JOB LOSS JOB LOSSES JOB MARKET JOB OPPORTUNITIES JOBS LABOR DEMAND LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET CHARACTERISTICS LABOR MARKET INDICATORS LABOR MARKET PERFORMANCE LABOR MARKET SITUATION LABOR MARKETS LABOR RELATIONS LABOR STATISTICS LEGISLATORS LEVEL OF EDUCATION LIFESTYLES LIVELIHOOD OPPORTUNITIES LIVING CONDITIONS MALE COUNTERPARTS MALE WORKERS MANUAL LABOR MARITAL STATUS MARKET ECONOMY NUMBER OF CHILDREN NUMBER OF WOMEN OCCUPATION OCCUPATIONS OFFICE WORKERS OLDER PEOPLE OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN PARENTAL LEAVE PARENTS PART-TIME EMPLOYMENT PENSION PENSIONS PERMANENT JOB POLICY DISCUSSIONS POLICY MAKERS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH REPORT ON GENDER POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POLITICAL TURMOIL POPULATION ACTIVITY POPULATION GROUPS PRELIMINARY RESULTS PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIVATE COMPANIES PRIVATE ENTERPRISES PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS PRIVATE SECTOR PRODUCTIVITY PROGRESS PUBLIC AWARENESS REGULATORY REGIME REPRESENTATION OF WOMEN RETAIL TRADE RETIREMENT RURAL AREAS RURAL POPULATION RURAL WOMEN SECONDARY EDUCATION SELF-ESTEEM SKILLED WOMEN SKILLED WORKERS SOCIAL CONDITIONS SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS SOCIAL SECURITY STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES TEMPORARY WORK TERTIARY EDUCATION TOP MANAGEMENT TOTAL EMPLOYMENT TRADITIONAL PRACTICES TRADITIONAL VALUES TRANSPORTATION UNDP UNEMPLOYED UNEMPLOYED PERSONS UNEMPLOYED POPULATION UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATES UNIFEM UNIVERSITY EDUCATION UNPAID WORKERS URBAN AREAS WAGE DIFFERENTIAL WAGE DIFFERENTIALS WAGE DISCRIMINATION WAGE DISTRIBUTION WAGE GAP WATER SUPPLY WILL WOMAN WOMEN EMPLOYMENT WOMEN IN DECISION MAKING WOMEN IN PARLIAMENT WOMEN IN POLITICS WOMEN IN SOCIETY WOMEN MANAGERS WORK ACTIVITIES WORK EXPERIENCE WORKER WORKERS WORKFORCE YOUNG PEOPLE |
| spellingShingle |
ACCESS TO EDUCATION ACCESS TO JOBS ADULTS AGE CATEGORIES AGE CATEGORY AGE GROUP AGE GROUPS AGED BREADWINNER BUSINESS WOMEN CAREER ADVANCEMENT CHILD CARE CITIZENS CLERKS CORRUPTION CRIME DEVELOPMENT POLICY DISCRIMINATION DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN DISCRIMINATORY PRACTICES EARNINGS REGRESSION ECONOMIC GROWTH EDUCATED MEN EDUCATED WOMEN EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS EDUCATIONAL LEVEL EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS EMPLOYEE EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT GENERATION EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK EMPLOYMENT PATTERNS EMPLOYMENT RATE EMPLOYMENT RATE OF WOMEN ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITIES EQUAL ACCESS EQUAL ACCESS TO EDUCATION EQUAL TREATMENT EQUALITY BETWEEN WOMEN EU FAMILY INCOME FAMILY RESPONSIBILITIES FEMALE FEMALE EMPLOYEES FEMALE ENTREPRENEURS FEMALE LABOR FEMALE LABOR FORCE FEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION FEMALE WORKERS FEMALES FLEXIBLE WORK ARRANGEMENTS FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSIONS GAINFUL EMPLOYMENT GENDER GENDER BIAS GENDER DIFFERENCES GENDER DISPARITIES GENDER DISPARITY GENDER EQUALITY GENDER EQUALITY COUNCIL GENDER INEQUALITIES GENDER INEQUALITY GENDER ROLES GENDERS GROWTH OF WOMEN HOUSEHOLD RESPONSIBILITIES HUMAN RESOURCES HUSBAND INFORMAL SECTOR INHERITANCE INSURANCE JOB LOSS JOB LOSSES JOB MARKET JOB OPPORTUNITIES JOBS LABOR DEMAND LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET CHARACTERISTICS LABOR MARKET INDICATORS LABOR MARKET PERFORMANCE LABOR MARKET SITUATION LABOR MARKETS LABOR RELATIONS LABOR STATISTICS LEGISLATORS LEVEL OF EDUCATION LIFESTYLES LIVELIHOOD OPPORTUNITIES LIVING CONDITIONS MALE COUNTERPARTS MALE WORKERS MANUAL LABOR MARITAL STATUS MARKET ECONOMY NUMBER OF CHILDREN NUMBER OF WOMEN OCCUPATION OCCUPATIONS OFFICE WORKERS OLDER PEOPLE OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN PARENTAL LEAVE PARENTS PART-TIME EMPLOYMENT PENSION PENSIONS PERMANENT JOB POLICY DISCUSSIONS POLICY MAKERS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH REPORT ON GENDER POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POLITICAL TURMOIL POPULATION ACTIVITY POPULATION GROUPS PRELIMINARY RESULTS PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIVATE COMPANIES PRIVATE ENTERPRISES PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS PRIVATE SECTOR PRODUCTIVITY PROGRESS PUBLIC AWARENESS REGULATORY REGIME REPRESENTATION OF WOMEN RETAIL TRADE RETIREMENT RURAL AREAS RURAL POPULATION RURAL WOMEN SECONDARY EDUCATION SELF-ESTEEM SKILLED WOMEN SKILLED WORKERS SOCIAL CONDITIONS SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS SOCIAL SECURITY STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES TEMPORARY WORK TERTIARY EDUCATION TOP MANAGEMENT TOTAL EMPLOYMENT TRADITIONAL PRACTICES TRADITIONAL VALUES TRANSPORTATION UNDP UNEMPLOYED UNEMPLOYED PERSONS UNEMPLOYED POPULATION UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATES UNIFEM UNIVERSITY EDUCATION UNPAID WORKERS URBAN AREAS WAGE DIFFERENTIAL WAGE DIFFERENTIALS WAGE DISCRIMINATION WAGE DISTRIBUTION WAGE GAP WATER SUPPLY WILL WOMAN WOMEN EMPLOYMENT WOMEN IN DECISION MAKING WOMEN IN PARLIAMENT WOMEN IN POLITICS WOMEN IN SOCIETY WOMEN MANAGERS WORK ACTIVITIES WORK EXPERIENCE WORKER WORKERS WORKFORCE YOUNG PEOPLE Reva, Anna Gender Inequality in the Labor Market in Serbia |
| geographic_facet |
Europe and Central Asia Serbia |
| relation |
Policy Research Working Paper;No. 6008 |
| description |
This paper presents a broad overview of
labor market indicators for men and women in Serbia with a
focus on employment patterns, entrepreneurship and career
advancement as well as earnings differentials. The analysis
relies primarily on the results of the Labor Force Surveys
conducted in Serbia in April 2008 and October 2009. The
findings show that although the overall labor market
situation in Serbia is difficult, women are in a much more
disadvantageous position than men. Women are much less
likely to be employed, start a business or advance in the
political arena. Furthermore, there is a significant wage
gap between men and women in a number of sectors and
occupational groups with low educated women being
particularly disadvantaged. The results of the
Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition demonstrate that the wage gap
is indicative of discrimination of women in the labor market
as earnings differentials cannot be explained by differences
in observed characteristics of male and female employees.
Based on the obtained results, the paper outlines four broad
areas that require the attention of policy-makers:
employment generation; enhancement of education outcomes;
improvement of the regulatory environment and support to
women's business and political careers; and promotion
of transparent performance setting mechanisms. |
| format |
Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper |
| author |
Reva, Anna |
| author_facet |
Reva, Anna |
| author_sort |
Reva, Anna |
| title |
Gender Inequality in the Labor Market in Serbia |
| title_short |
Gender Inequality in the Labor Market in Serbia |
| title_full |
Gender Inequality in the Labor Market in Serbia |
| title_fullStr |
Gender Inequality in the Labor Market in Serbia |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Gender Inequality in the Labor Market in Serbia |
| title_sort |
gender inequality in the labor market in serbia |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2014 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/03/15959573/gender-inequality-labor-market-serbia http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19873 |
| _version_ |
1764443993212452864 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-198732021-04-23T14:03:52Z Gender Inequality in the Labor Market in Serbia Reva, Anna ACCESS TO EDUCATION ACCESS TO JOBS ADULTS AGE CATEGORIES AGE CATEGORY AGE GROUP AGE GROUPS AGED BREADWINNER BUSINESS WOMEN CAREER ADVANCEMENT CHILD CARE CITIZENS CLERKS CORRUPTION CRIME DEVELOPMENT POLICY DISCRIMINATION DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN DISCRIMINATORY PRACTICES EARNINGS REGRESSION ECONOMIC GROWTH EDUCATED MEN EDUCATED WOMEN EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS EDUCATIONAL LEVEL EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS EMPLOYEE EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT GENERATION EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK EMPLOYMENT PATTERNS EMPLOYMENT RATE EMPLOYMENT RATE OF WOMEN ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITIES EQUAL ACCESS EQUAL ACCESS TO EDUCATION EQUAL TREATMENT EQUALITY BETWEEN WOMEN EU FAMILY INCOME FAMILY RESPONSIBILITIES FEMALE FEMALE EMPLOYEES FEMALE ENTREPRENEURS FEMALE LABOR FEMALE LABOR FORCE FEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION FEMALE WORKERS FEMALES FLEXIBLE WORK ARRANGEMENTS FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSIONS GAINFUL EMPLOYMENT GENDER GENDER BIAS GENDER DIFFERENCES GENDER DISPARITIES GENDER DISPARITY GENDER EQUALITY GENDER EQUALITY COUNCIL GENDER INEQUALITIES GENDER INEQUALITY GENDER ROLES GENDERS GROWTH OF WOMEN HOUSEHOLD RESPONSIBILITIES HUMAN RESOURCES HUSBAND INFORMAL SECTOR INHERITANCE INSURANCE JOB LOSS JOB LOSSES JOB MARKET JOB OPPORTUNITIES JOBS LABOR DEMAND LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET CHARACTERISTICS LABOR MARKET INDICATORS LABOR MARKET PERFORMANCE LABOR MARKET SITUATION LABOR MARKETS LABOR RELATIONS LABOR STATISTICS LEGISLATORS LEVEL OF EDUCATION LIFESTYLES LIVELIHOOD OPPORTUNITIES LIVING CONDITIONS MALE COUNTERPARTS MALE WORKERS MANUAL LABOR MARITAL STATUS MARKET ECONOMY NUMBER OF CHILDREN NUMBER OF WOMEN OCCUPATION OCCUPATIONS OFFICE WORKERS OLDER PEOPLE OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN PARENTAL LEAVE PARENTS PART-TIME EMPLOYMENT PENSION PENSIONS PERMANENT JOB POLICY DISCUSSIONS POLICY MAKERS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH REPORT ON GENDER POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POLITICAL TURMOIL POPULATION ACTIVITY POPULATION GROUPS PRELIMINARY RESULTS PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIVATE COMPANIES PRIVATE ENTERPRISES PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS PRIVATE SECTOR PRODUCTIVITY PROGRESS PUBLIC AWARENESS REGULATORY REGIME REPRESENTATION OF WOMEN RETAIL TRADE RETIREMENT RURAL AREAS RURAL POPULATION RURAL WOMEN SECONDARY EDUCATION SELF-ESTEEM SKILLED WOMEN SKILLED WORKERS SOCIAL CONDITIONS SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS SOCIAL SECURITY STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES TEMPORARY WORK TERTIARY EDUCATION TOP MANAGEMENT TOTAL EMPLOYMENT TRADITIONAL PRACTICES TRADITIONAL VALUES TRANSPORTATION UNDP UNEMPLOYED UNEMPLOYED PERSONS UNEMPLOYED POPULATION UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATES UNIFEM UNIVERSITY EDUCATION UNPAID WORKERS URBAN AREAS WAGE DIFFERENTIAL WAGE DIFFERENTIALS WAGE DISCRIMINATION WAGE DISTRIBUTION WAGE GAP WATER SUPPLY WILL WOMAN WOMEN EMPLOYMENT WOMEN IN DECISION MAKING WOMEN IN PARLIAMENT WOMEN IN POLITICS WOMEN IN SOCIETY WOMEN MANAGERS WORK ACTIVITIES WORK EXPERIENCE WORKER WORKERS WORKFORCE YOUNG PEOPLE This paper presents a broad overview of labor market indicators for men and women in Serbia with a focus on employment patterns, entrepreneurship and career advancement as well as earnings differentials. The analysis relies primarily on the results of the Labor Force Surveys conducted in Serbia in April 2008 and October 2009. The findings show that although the overall labor market situation in Serbia is difficult, women are in a much more disadvantageous position than men. Women are much less likely to be employed, start a business or advance in the political arena. Furthermore, there is a significant wage gap between men and women in a number of sectors and occupational groups with low educated women being particularly disadvantaged. The results of the Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition demonstrate that the wage gap is indicative of discrimination of women in the labor market as earnings differentials cannot be explained by differences in observed characteristics of male and female employees. Based on the obtained results, the paper outlines four broad areas that require the attention of policy-makers: employment generation; enhancement of education outcomes; improvement of the regulatory environment and support to women's business and political careers; and promotion of transparent performance setting mechanisms. 2014-08-29T18:38:22Z 2014-08-29T18:38:22Z 2012-03 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/03/15959573/gender-inequality-labor-market-serbia http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19873 English en_US Policy Research Working Paper;No. 6008 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research Europe and Central Asia Serbia |