From Users to Custodians : Changing Relations between People and the State in Forest Management in Tanzania
Central control of forests takes management responsibility away from the communities most dependent on them, inevitably resulting in tensions. Like many African countries, Tanzania--which has forest or woodland cover over 30-40 percent of its land-...
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| Format: | Policy Research Working Paper |
| Language: | English en_US |
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World Bank, Washington, DC
2014
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2001/03/1047469/users-custodians-changing-relations-between-people-state-forest-management-tanzania http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19697 |
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okr-10986-196972021-04-23T14:03:44Z From Users to Custodians : Changing Relations between People and the State in Forest Management in Tanzania Wily, Liz Alden Dewees, Peter A. AGRICULTURAL POLICY AGRICULTURE BIODIVERSITY CATCHMENT CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS COMMON LAND COMMUNITY FORESTRY CONSERVATION ACT CULTIVATION EXPLOITATION EXTENSION FARMING FARMS FERTILIZERS FIREWOOD FOREST FOREST AREAS FOREST COMMITTEE FOREST COMMITTEES FOREST GUARDS FOREST LEGISLATION FOREST MANAGEMENT FOREST MANAGERS FOREST OFFICER FOREST PLANTATIONS FOREST POLICY FOREST PRODUCTS FOREST PROTECTION FOREST RESERVES FOREST RESOURCES FOREST USERS FORESTERS FORESTRY FORESTRY INSTITUTIONS FORESTRY LEGISLATION FORESTRY POLICY FORESTRY SECTOR FORESTS FUELWOOD GRAZING GRAZING LANDS INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE LAND LAW LAND LEGISLATION LAND MANAGEMENT LAND POLICY LAND TENURE NATIONAL FOREST ESTATE NATIONAL FOREST POLICY NATIONAL FORESTRY NATURAL FORESTS NATURAL REGENERATION NATURAL RESOURCE NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT NATURAL RESOURCES PLANTING POPULATION GROWTH POPULATION PRESSURES PRODUCTIVE RESOURCES PRODUCTIVITY REFORESTATION REGENERATION RURAL COMMUNITIES RURAL DEVELOPMENT TIMBER TIMBER PRODUCTION TREE PLANTING TREES URBANIZATION VILLAGE FOREST VILLAGE LANDS WILDLIFE WILDLIFE CONSERVATION WOODLAND WOODLAND RESOURCES WOODLANDS Central control of forests takes management responsibility away from the communities most dependent on them, inevitably resulting in tensions. Like many African countries, Tanzania--which has forest or woodland cover over 30-40 percent of its land--established central forestry institutions at a time when there was little need for active management and protection because population pressures were low. But in the face of scarce public resources and burgeoning demand from the growing population for agricultural landand woodland products, there has been growing recognition of the need to bring individuals, local groups, and communities into the policy, planning, and management process if woodlands are to remain productive in the coming decades. Tanzania established its first three community-owned and -managed forest reserves in September 1994. Today, supported by substantive policy reforms that largely grew out of the early experiences with community-based management, more than 500 villages own and manage forest reserves, and anoher 500 or so smaller social units and individuals have recognized reserves. Joint management by the state and the people is getting underway in at least four government-owned forest reserves.The authors describe the evolution of community-based forest and woodland management in Tanzania and the underlying policy, legal, and institutional framework. They draw together some of the lessons from this experience and review emerging issues. They find that the most successful initiatives involving communities and individuals have been those that moved away from a user-centric approach (like that often used in South Asia) and toward an approach based on the idea that communities can be most effective when they are fully involved in all aspects of decisionmaking about management and protection. This suggests that the government should allow communities to become engaged as managers in their own right, rather than as passive participants who merely agree to the management parameters defined by the government. The Tanzanian experience has shown that community-based forest and woodland management can be an integral part of initiatives that seek to improve governance over natural resources by improving accountability and by democratizing decisionmaking at the local level. 2014-08-26T18:40:51Z 2014-08-26T18:40:51Z 2001-03 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2001/03/1047469/users-custodians-changing-relations-between-people-state-forest-management-tanzania http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19697 English en_US Policy Research Working Paper;No. 2569 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research Africa Tanzania |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
AGRICULTURAL POLICY AGRICULTURE BIODIVERSITY CATCHMENT CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS COMMON LAND COMMUNITY FORESTRY CONSERVATION ACT CULTIVATION EXPLOITATION EXTENSION FARMING FARMS FERTILIZERS FIREWOOD FOREST FOREST AREAS FOREST COMMITTEE FOREST COMMITTEES FOREST GUARDS FOREST LEGISLATION FOREST MANAGEMENT FOREST MANAGERS FOREST OFFICER FOREST PLANTATIONS FOREST POLICY FOREST PRODUCTS FOREST PROTECTION FOREST RESERVES FOREST RESOURCES FOREST USERS FORESTERS FORESTRY FORESTRY INSTITUTIONS FORESTRY LEGISLATION FORESTRY POLICY FORESTRY SECTOR FORESTS FUELWOOD GRAZING GRAZING LANDS INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE LAND LAW LAND LEGISLATION LAND MANAGEMENT LAND POLICY LAND TENURE NATIONAL FOREST ESTATE NATIONAL FOREST POLICY NATIONAL FORESTRY NATURAL FORESTS NATURAL REGENERATION NATURAL RESOURCE NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT NATURAL RESOURCES PLANTING POPULATION GROWTH POPULATION PRESSURES PRODUCTIVE RESOURCES PRODUCTIVITY REFORESTATION REGENERATION RURAL COMMUNITIES RURAL DEVELOPMENT TIMBER TIMBER PRODUCTION TREE PLANTING TREES URBANIZATION VILLAGE FOREST VILLAGE LANDS WILDLIFE WILDLIFE CONSERVATION WOODLAND WOODLAND RESOURCES WOODLANDS |
| spellingShingle |
AGRICULTURAL POLICY AGRICULTURE BIODIVERSITY CATCHMENT CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS COMMON LAND COMMUNITY FORESTRY CONSERVATION ACT CULTIVATION EXPLOITATION EXTENSION FARMING FARMS FERTILIZERS FIREWOOD FOREST FOREST AREAS FOREST COMMITTEE FOREST COMMITTEES FOREST GUARDS FOREST LEGISLATION FOREST MANAGEMENT FOREST MANAGERS FOREST OFFICER FOREST PLANTATIONS FOREST POLICY FOREST PRODUCTS FOREST PROTECTION FOREST RESERVES FOREST RESOURCES FOREST USERS FORESTERS FORESTRY FORESTRY INSTITUTIONS FORESTRY LEGISLATION FORESTRY POLICY FORESTRY SECTOR FORESTS FUELWOOD GRAZING GRAZING LANDS INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE LAND LAW LAND LEGISLATION LAND MANAGEMENT LAND POLICY LAND TENURE NATIONAL FOREST ESTATE NATIONAL FOREST POLICY NATIONAL FORESTRY NATURAL FORESTS NATURAL REGENERATION NATURAL RESOURCE NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT NATURAL RESOURCES PLANTING POPULATION GROWTH POPULATION PRESSURES PRODUCTIVE RESOURCES PRODUCTIVITY REFORESTATION REGENERATION RURAL COMMUNITIES RURAL DEVELOPMENT TIMBER TIMBER PRODUCTION TREE PLANTING TREES URBANIZATION VILLAGE FOREST VILLAGE LANDS WILDLIFE WILDLIFE CONSERVATION WOODLAND WOODLAND RESOURCES WOODLANDS Wily, Liz Alden Dewees, Peter A. From Users to Custodians : Changing Relations between People and the State in Forest Management in Tanzania |
| geographic_facet |
Africa Tanzania |
| relation |
Policy Research Working Paper;No. 2569 |
| description |
Central control of forests takes
management responsibility away from the communities most
dependent on them, inevitably resulting in tensions. Like
many African countries, Tanzania--which has forest or
woodland cover over 30-40 percent of its land--established
central forestry institutions at a time when there was
little need for active management and protection because
population pressures were low. But in the face of scarce
public resources and burgeoning demand from the growing
population for agricultural landand woodland products, there
has been growing recognition of the need to bring
individuals, local groups, and communities into the policy,
planning, and management process if woodlands are to remain
productive in the coming decades. Tanzania established its
first three community-owned and -managed forest reserves in
September 1994. Today, supported by substantive policy
reforms that largely grew out of the early experiences with
community-based management, more than 500 villages own and
manage forest reserves, and anoher 500 or so smaller social
units and individuals have recognized reserves. Joint
management by the state and the people is getting underway
in at least four government-owned forest reserves.The
authors describe the evolution of community-based forest and
woodland management in Tanzania and the underlying policy,
legal, and institutional framework. They draw together some
of the lessons from this experience and review emerging
issues. They find that the most successful initiatives
involving communities and individuals have been those that
moved away from a user-centric approach (like that often
used in South Asia) and toward an approach based on the idea
that communities can be most effective when they are fully
involved in all aspects of decisionmaking about management
and protection. This suggests that the government should
allow communities to become engaged as managers in their own
right, rather than as passive participants who merely agree
to the management parameters defined by the government. The
Tanzanian experience has shown that community-based forest
and woodland management can be an integral part of
initiatives that seek to improve governance over natural
resources by improving accountability and by democratizing
decisionmaking at the local level. |
| format |
Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper |
| author |
Wily, Liz Alden Dewees, Peter A. |
| author_facet |
Wily, Liz Alden Dewees, Peter A. |
| author_sort |
Wily, Liz Alden |
| title |
From Users to Custodians : Changing Relations between People and the State in Forest Management in Tanzania |
| title_short |
From Users to Custodians : Changing Relations between People and the State in Forest Management in Tanzania |
| title_full |
From Users to Custodians : Changing Relations between People and the State in Forest Management in Tanzania |
| title_fullStr |
From Users to Custodians : Changing Relations between People and the State in Forest Management in Tanzania |
| title_full_unstemmed |
From Users to Custodians : Changing Relations between People and the State in Forest Management in Tanzania |
| title_sort |
from users to custodians : changing relations between people and the state in forest management in tanzania |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2014 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2001/03/1047469/users-custodians-changing-relations-between-people-state-forest-management-tanzania http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19697 |
| _version_ |
1764440384567508992 |