China : Air Pollution and Acid Rain Control - The Case of Shijiazhuang and the Changsha Triangle Area
This study, and the associated technical assistance project, has three main objectives. The first is to help localities in China address several questions related to the planning, and implementation of SO2 emissions, and acid rain control: What are...
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| Format: | ESMAP Paper |
| Language: | English en_US |
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Washington, DC
2014
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2003/10/2779027/china-air-pollution-acid-rain-control-case-shijiazhuang-changsha-triangle-area http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19650 |
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okr-10986-19650 |
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| recordtype |
oai_dc |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
ABATEMENT STRATEGIES ACID DEPOSITION ACID RAIN ACIDIFICATION ACIDS AGGRAVATION OF ASTHMA AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AIR AIR POLLUTION AIR POLLUTION CONTROL AIR POLLUTION PROBLEMS AIR QUALITY AIR QUALITY PROBLEMS AIR QUALITY STANDARDS AMBIENT AIR AMBIENT AIR POLLUTION AMBIENT AIR QUALITY AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS AMBIENT CONCENTRATION AMBIENT CONCENTRATIONS AMBIENT POLLUTION ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION BED COMBUSTION BENEFIT ANALYSIS CARBON CARBON MONOXIDE CLEANER FUELS CLIMATE CO COAL COAL BURNING COAL CONSUMPTION COMBUSTION COMMERCIAL ENERGY COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS CONCENTRATIONS COSTS OF COMPLIANCE DECISION MAKING DESULFURIZATION ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIES OF SCALE EFFECTIVE STRATEGY EFFICIENT BUILDINGS ELECTRIC POWER ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY ELECTRIC POWER SECTOR ELECTRICITY EMISSION EMISSION ABATEMENT EMISSION CHARGES EMISSION CONTROL EMISSION CONTROL EQUIPMENT EMISSION CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES EMISSION ESTIMATES EMISSION QUOTAS EMISSION REDUCTION EMISSION REDUCTION TARGET EMISSION REDUCTIONS EMISSION SOURCES EMISSIONS ABATEMENT ENERGY CONSUMPTION ENERGY EFFICIENCY ENVIRONMENT AGENCIES ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFIT ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPROVEMENT ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES ENVIRONMENTAL TARGETS FINANCIAL RESOURCES FINE PARTICULATE MATTER FINE PARTICULATES FLUE GAS FUEL FUEL CONSUMPTION FUEL MIX FUEL SUBSTITUTION FUEL SWITCHING FUELS GAS DESULFURIZATION GAS TRANSMISSION GREENHOUSE GREENHOUSE GAS HIGH SULFUR COAL HUMAN HEALTH INDUSTRIAL BOILERS LAKES LEACHING LEGISLATION LOCAL AUTHORITIES LOW SULFUR COAL MINES NATURAL ENVIRONMENT NATURAL GAS NITRATES NITROGEN NITROGEN OXIDES NOX NUTRIENTS PARTICULATE MATTER PARTICULATES PETROLEUM GAS PH PM10 POINT SOURCES POLICY DECISIONS POLICY INSTRUMENTS POLLUTERS POLLUTION CONTROL POLLUTION CONTROL EQUIPMENT POLLUTION PREVENTION POLLUTION PROBLEMS POLLUTION REGULATION POWER PLANTS PRECIPITATION PRODUCTIVITY RESTRICTIONS SNOW SO2 SOILS SOLID WASTE SOX SULFATE SULFATE PARTICLES SULFATES SULFUR SULFUR DIOXIDE SULFUR DIOXIDE EMISSIONS SULFUR EMISSIONS SULFURIC ACID THERMAL POWER THERMAL POWER PLANTS TOTAL SULFUR TRADABLE PERMIT TRADABLE PERMIT SYSTEM URBAN AREAS VOC VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS |
| spellingShingle |
ABATEMENT STRATEGIES ACID DEPOSITION ACID RAIN ACIDIFICATION ACIDS AGGRAVATION OF ASTHMA AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AIR AIR POLLUTION AIR POLLUTION CONTROL AIR POLLUTION PROBLEMS AIR QUALITY AIR QUALITY PROBLEMS AIR QUALITY STANDARDS AMBIENT AIR AMBIENT AIR POLLUTION AMBIENT AIR QUALITY AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS AMBIENT CONCENTRATION AMBIENT CONCENTRATIONS AMBIENT POLLUTION ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION BED COMBUSTION BENEFIT ANALYSIS CARBON CARBON MONOXIDE CLEANER FUELS CLIMATE CO COAL COAL BURNING COAL CONSUMPTION COMBUSTION COMMERCIAL ENERGY COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS CONCENTRATIONS COSTS OF COMPLIANCE DECISION MAKING DESULFURIZATION ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIES OF SCALE EFFECTIVE STRATEGY EFFICIENT BUILDINGS ELECTRIC POWER ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY ELECTRIC POWER SECTOR ELECTRICITY EMISSION EMISSION ABATEMENT EMISSION CHARGES EMISSION CONTROL EMISSION CONTROL EQUIPMENT EMISSION CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES EMISSION ESTIMATES EMISSION QUOTAS EMISSION REDUCTION EMISSION REDUCTION TARGET EMISSION REDUCTIONS EMISSION SOURCES EMISSIONS ABATEMENT ENERGY CONSUMPTION ENERGY EFFICIENCY ENVIRONMENT AGENCIES ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFIT ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPROVEMENT ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES ENVIRONMENTAL TARGETS FINANCIAL RESOURCES FINE PARTICULATE MATTER FINE PARTICULATES FLUE GAS FUEL FUEL CONSUMPTION FUEL MIX FUEL SUBSTITUTION FUEL SWITCHING FUELS GAS DESULFURIZATION GAS TRANSMISSION GREENHOUSE GREENHOUSE GAS HIGH SULFUR COAL HUMAN HEALTH INDUSTRIAL BOILERS LAKES LEACHING LEGISLATION LOCAL AUTHORITIES LOW SULFUR COAL MINES NATURAL ENVIRONMENT NATURAL GAS NITRATES NITROGEN NITROGEN OXIDES NOX NUTRIENTS PARTICULATE MATTER PARTICULATES PETROLEUM GAS PH PM10 POINT SOURCES POLICY DECISIONS POLICY INSTRUMENTS POLLUTERS POLLUTION CONTROL POLLUTION CONTROL EQUIPMENT POLLUTION PREVENTION POLLUTION PROBLEMS POLLUTION REGULATION POWER PLANTS PRECIPITATION PRODUCTIVITY RESTRICTIONS SNOW SO2 SOILS SOLID WASTE SOX SULFATE SULFATE PARTICLES SULFATES SULFUR SULFUR DIOXIDE SULFUR DIOXIDE EMISSIONS SULFUR EMISSIONS SULFURIC ACID THERMAL POWER THERMAL POWER PLANTS TOTAL SULFUR TRADABLE PERMIT TRADABLE PERMIT SYSTEM URBAN AREAS VOC VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS World Bank China : Air Pollution and Acid Rain Control - The Case of Shijiazhuang and the Changsha Triangle Area |
| geographic_facet |
East Asia and Pacific China |
| description |
This study, and the associated technical
assistance project, has three main objectives. The first is
to help localities in China address several questions
related to the planning, and implementation of SO2
emissions, and acid rain control: What are the environmental
consequences, specifically for localities of different
pollution control strategies, in terms of the impacts on
human health, agricultural productivity, and other sectors
and activities? What are the relative costs of different
sulfur emission reduction plans? Will the proposed
strategies enable localities to meet the environmental
targets set by the central government? The second objective
is to assist with capacity building, and training in China.
to enable cities and regions to carry out environmental, and
economic analyses of sulfur emission impacts, and control
programs. The third objective is to provide a forum for
discussion with the central government, primarily the State
Environmental Protection Administration (SEPA), on the
results of the case studies, and the implications for
national policy with respect to sulfur control. This study
analyzes China's national sulfur pollution control
program, looking at local implementation plans, and actions
for reducing sulfur emissions in two municipalities-
Shijiazhuang and Changsha. The city of Shijiazhuang in Hebei
Province was chosen for a case study on ambient SO2
pollution control, representing a northern Chinese city,
while the tri-city region of Changsha, Zhuzhou, and Xiangtan
in Hunan Province, was chosen to represent a southern area
experiencing serious levels of acid rain. The clear divide
between northern and southern cities and regions, indicate
that emission control efforts in the north will benefit from
access to significant quantities of low sulfur coal, the
lack of which in the south, will significantly increase the
cost of sulfur emission control. Other findings suggest that
gaining a better scientific understanding of the impacts of
sulfur emissions, and improving estimates of the relative
benefits of different control options, are two important
pieces of information for leveraging local implementation
efforts. While promoting policies with multiple benefits, is
an effective way of cutting sulfur pollution without
reliance on regulatory policies, or institutions. |
| format |
Publications & Research :: ESMAP Paper |
| author |
World Bank |
| author_facet |
World Bank |
| author_sort |
World Bank |
| title |
China : Air Pollution and Acid Rain Control - The Case of Shijiazhuang and the Changsha Triangle Area |
| title_short |
China : Air Pollution and Acid Rain Control - The Case of Shijiazhuang and the Changsha Triangle Area |
| title_full |
China : Air Pollution and Acid Rain Control - The Case of Shijiazhuang and the Changsha Triangle Area |
| title_fullStr |
China : Air Pollution and Acid Rain Control - The Case of Shijiazhuang and the Changsha Triangle Area |
| title_full_unstemmed |
China : Air Pollution and Acid Rain Control - The Case of Shijiazhuang and the Changsha Triangle Area |
| title_sort |
china : air pollution and acid rain control - the case of shijiazhuang and the changsha triangle area |
| publisher |
Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2014 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2003/10/2779027/china-air-pollution-acid-rain-control-case-shijiazhuang-changsha-triangle-area http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19650 |
| _version_ |
1764437305678888960 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-196502021-04-23T14:03:38Z China : Air Pollution and Acid Rain Control - The Case of Shijiazhuang and the Changsha Triangle Area World Bank ABATEMENT STRATEGIES ACID DEPOSITION ACID RAIN ACIDIFICATION ACIDS AGGRAVATION OF ASTHMA AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AIR AIR POLLUTION AIR POLLUTION CONTROL AIR POLLUTION PROBLEMS AIR QUALITY AIR QUALITY PROBLEMS AIR QUALITY STANDARDS AMBIENT AIR AMBIENT AIR POLLUTION AMBIENT AIR QUALITY AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS AMBIENT CONCENTRATION AMBIENT CONCENTRATIONS AMBIENT POLLUTION ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION BED COMBUSTION BENEFIT ANALYSIS CARBON CARBON MONOXIDE CLEANER FUELS CLIMATE CO COAL COAL BURNING COAL CONSUMPTION COMBUSTION COMMERCIAL ENERGY COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS CONCENTRATIONS COSTS OF COMPLIANCE DECISION MAKING DESULFURIZATION ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIES OF SCALE EFFECTIVE STRATEGY EFFICIENT BUILDINGS ELECTRIC POWER ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY ELECTRIC POWER SECTOR ELECTRICITY EMISSION EMISSION ABATEMENT EMISSION CHARGES EMISSION CONTROL EMISSION CONTROL EQUIPMENT EMISSION CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES EMISSION ESTIMATES EMISSION QUOTAS EMISSION REDUCTION EMISSION REDUCTION TARGET EMISSION REDUCTIONS EMISSION SOURCES EMISSIONS ABATEMENT ENERGY CONSUMPTION ENERGY EFFICIENCY ENVIRONMENT AGENCIES ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFIT ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPROVEMENT ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES ENVIRONMENTAL TARGETS FINANCIAL RESOURCES FINE PARTICULATE MATTER FINE PARTICULATES FLUE GAS FUEL FUEL CONSUMPTION FUEL MIX FUEL SUBSTITUTION FUEL SWITCHING FUELS GAS DESULFURIZATION GAS TRANSMISSION GREENHOUSE GREENHOUSE GAS HIGH SULFUR COAL HUMAN HEALTH INDUSTRIAL BOILERS LAKES LEACHING LEGISLATION LOCAL AUTHORITIES LOW SULFUR COAL MINES NATURAL ENVIRONMENT NATURAL GAS NITRATES NITROGEN NITROGEN OXIDES NOX NUTRIENTS PARTICULATE MATTER PARTICULATES PETROLEUM GAS PH PM10 POINT SOURCES POLICY DECISIONS POLICY INSTRUMENTS POLLUTERS POLLUTION CONTROL POLLUTION CONTROL EQUIPMENT POLLUTION PREVENTION POLLUTION PROBLEMS POLLUTION REGULATION POWER PLANTS PRECIPITATION PRODUCTIVITY RESTRICTIONS SNOW SO2 SOILS SOLID WASTE SOX SULFATE SULFATE PARTICLES SULFATES SULFUR SULFUR DIOXIDE SULFUR DIOXIDE EMISSIONS SULFUR EMISSIONS SULFURIC ACID THERMAL POWER THERMAL POWER PLANTS TOTAL SULFUR TRADABLE PERMIT TRADABLE PERMIT SYSTEM URBAN AREAS VOC VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS This study, and the associated technical assistance project, has three main objectives. The first is to help localities in China address several questions related to the planning, and implementation of SO2 emissions, and acid rain control: What are the environmental consequences, specifically for localities of different pollution control strategies, in terms of the impacts on human health, agricultural productivity, and other sectors and activities? What are the relative costs of different sulfur emission reduction plans? Will the proposed strategies enable localities to meet the environmental targets set by the central government? The second objective is to assist with capacity building, and training in China. to enable cities and regions to carry out environmental, and economic analyses of sulfur emission impacts, and control programs. The third objective is to provide a forum for discussion with the central government, primarily the State Environmental Protection Administration (SEPA), on the results of the case studies, and the implications for national policy with respect to sulfur control. This study analyzes China's national sulfur pollution control program, looking at local implementation plans, and actions for reducing sulfur emissions in two municipalities- Shijiazhuang and Changsha. The city of Shijiazhuang in Hebei Province was chosen for a case study on ambient SO2 pollution control, representing a northern Chinese city, while the tri-city region of Changsha, Zhuzhou, and Xiangtan in Hunan Province, was chosen to represent a southern area experiencing serious levels of acid rain. The clear divide between northern and southern cities and regions, indicate that emission control efforts in the north will benefit from access to significant quantities of low sulfur coal, the lack of which in the south, will significantly increase the cost of sulfur emission control. Other findings suggest that gaining a better scientific understanding of the impacts of sulfur emissions, and improving estimates of the relative benefits of different control options, are two important pieces of information for leveraging local implementation efforts. While promoting policies with multiple benefits, is an effective way of cutting sulfur pollution without reliance on regulatory policies, or institutions. 2014-08-25T20:10:41Z 2014-08-25T20:10:41Z 2003-10 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2003/10/2779027/china-air-pollution-acid-rain-control-case-shijiazhuang-changsha-triangle-area http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19650 English en_US CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ Washington, DC Publications & Research :: ESMAP Paper Publications & Research East Asia and Pacific China |