Who Participates : The Supply of Volunteer Labor and the Distribution of Government Programs in Rural Peru

Numerous analysts have linked volunteering and participation to positive economic and political outcomes. The author uses the 1994 Peru Living Standards Measurement Survey to analyze volunteering patterns in rural Peru. He finds that volunteers in...

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Main Author:	Schady, Norbert R.
Format:	Policy Research Working Paper
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2014
Subjects:	AGED ANALYTICAL WORK BENEFICIARY ASSESSMENT CASE STUDY CIVIL SOCIETY COMMON PROPERTY COMMUNITIES COMMUNITY ACTIVITIES COMMUNITY CHARACTERISTICS CROWDING CROWDING OUT DATA SET DEMOGRAPHICS DEPENDENT VARIABLE DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT POLICY DEVELOPMENT STUDIES DISCRIMINATION DISTRICTS ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC BEHAVIOR ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT ECONOMIC REVIEW ECONOMIC VALUE ECONOMICS EDUCATION LEVEL EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EMPIRICAL STUDIES EMPLOYMENT ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS EQUALITY EXCLUDED GROUPS EXPENDITURES FEMALES FORMAL ECONOMY GENDER GEOGRAPHIC TARGETING GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES HEALTH CENTER HEALTH STATUS HEALTH SURVEY HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS HOUSEHOLD HEAD HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD QUESTIONNAIRE HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HOUSING HUMAN CAPITAL ILLITERACY INCOME INFANT MORTALITY INFANTS INHABITANTS JOB MARKET LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKETS LABOR SUPPLY LEISURE LIVING STANDARDS MALNUTRITION MEAN INCOME MEDICAL SERVICES MIGRATION MOBILITY MORALITY MOTIVATION NON-PROFIT SECTOR NUTRITION POLICY RESEARCH POLITICAL ECONOMY POOR BENEFIT POOR HOUSEHOLDS POVERTY ALLEVIATION POVERTY LINE POVERTY REDUCTION PRIVATE SECTORS PUBLIC EXPENDITURES PUBLIC GOODS PUBLIC POLICIES QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS RESIDENCY RURAL AREAS RURAL HOUSEHOLDS SAMPLE SIZE SAMPLE SIZES SAVINGS SCHOOLS SOCIAL CAPITAL SOCIAL SECURITY SOCIAL STATUS SOCIAL WORK SOCIAL WORKERS SPATIAL DIMENSIONS URBAN AREAS URBAN HOUSEHOLDS VULNERABLE GROUPS WAGE INCOME WAGES
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2001/09/1570716/participates-supply-volunteer-labor-distribution-government-programs-rural-peru http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19557

id	okr-10986-19557
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	okr-10986-195572021-04-23T14:03:43Z Who Participates : The Supply of Volunteer Labor and the Distribution of Government Programs in Rural Peru Schady, Norbert R. AGED ANALYTICAL WORK BENEFICIARY ASSESSMENT CASE STUDY CIVIL SOCIETY COMMON PROPERTY COMMUNITIES COMMUNITY ACTIVITIES COMMUNITY CHARACTERISTICS CROWDING CROWDING OUT DATA SET DEMOGRAPHICS DEPENDENT VARIABLE DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT POLICY DEVELOPMENT STUDIES DISCRIMINATION DISTRICTS ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC BEHAVIOR ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT ECONOMIC REVIEW ECONOMIC VALUE ECONOMICS EDUCATION LEVEL EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EMPIRICAL STUDIES EMPLOYMENT ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS EQUALITY EXCLUDED GROUPS EXPENDITURES FEMALES FORMAL ECONOMY GENDER GEOGRAPHIC TARGETING GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES HEALTH CENTER HEALTH STATUS HEALTH SURVEY HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS HOUSEHOLD HEAD HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD QUESTIONNAIRE HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HOUSING HUMAN CAPITAL ILLITERACY INCOME INFANT MORTALITY INFANTS INHABITANTS JOB MARKET LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKETS LABOR SUPPLY LEISURE LIVING STANDARDS MALNUTRITION MEAN INCOME MEDICAL SERVICES MIGRATION MOBILITY MORALITY MOTIVATION NON-PROFIT SECTOR NUTRITION POLICY RESEARCH POLITICAL ECONOMY POOR BENEFIT POOR HOUSEHOLDS POVERTY ALLEVIATION POVERTY LINE POVERTY REDUCTION PRIVATE SECTORS PUBLIC EXPENDITURES PUBLIC GOODS PUBLIC POLICIES QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS RESIDENCY RURAL AREAS RURAL HOUSEHOLDS SAMPLE SIZE SAMPLE SIZES SAVINGS SCHOOLS SOCIAL CAPITAL SOCIAL SECURITY SOCIAL STATUS SOCIAL WORK SOCIAL WORKERS SPATIAL DIMENSIONS URBAN AREAS URBAN HOUSEHOLDS VULNERABLE GROUPS WAGE INCOME WAGES Numerous analysts have linked volunteering and participation to positive economic and political outcomes. The author uses the 1994 Peru Living Standards Measurement Survey to analyze volunteering patterns in rural Peru. He finds that volunteers in rural Peru have a high opportunity cost of time. They are more educated and more likely to hold a job. Other household characteristics, such as gender, marital status, length of residence, and ethnicity, are also important predictors of the probability of volunteering. Controlling for household characteristics, communities differ widely in aggregate volunteer levels. These differences seem unrelated to differences in patterns of government expenditures. Volunteering may have important benefits in building social capital and encouraging greater ownership of development projects. For example, many public programs in rural Peru and elsewhere ask that the intended beneficiaries "participate" as a means of building trust and social capital, increasing the sustainability of investments and helping self-target investments to the poor. But the author finds that encouraging participation by potential beneficiaries is unlikely to be an effective form of self-targeting, since people with a higher opportunity cost of time volunteer more. Moreover, social programs that require participation may have difficulty reaching some vulnerable groups, such as women and the illiterate. 2014-08-21T17:01:25Z 2014-08-21T17:01:25Z 2001-09 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2001/09/1570716/participates-supply-volunteer-labor-distribution-government-programs-rural-peru http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19557 English en_US Policy Research Working Paper;No. 2671 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research Latin America & Caribbean Peru
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English en_US
topic	AGED ANALYTICAL WORK BENEFICIARY ASSESSMENT CASE STUDY CIVIL SOCIETY COMMON PROPERTY COMMUNITIES COMMUNITY ACTIVITIES COMMUNITY CHARACTERISTICS CROWDING CROWDING OUT DATA SET DEMOGRAPHICS DEPENDENT VARIABLE DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT POLICY DEVELOPMENT STUDIES DISCRIMINATION DISTRICTS ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC BEHAVIOR ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT ECONOMIC REVIEW ECONOMIC VALUE ECONOMICS EDUCATION LEVEL EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EMPIRICAL STUDIES EMPLOYMENT ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS EQUALITY EXCLUDED GROUPS EXPENDITURES FEMALES FORMAL ECONOMY GENDER GEOGRAPHIC TARGETING GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES HEALTH CENTER HEALTH STATUS HEALTH SURVEY HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS HOUSEHOLD HEAD HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD QUESTIONNAIRE HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HOUSING HUMAN CAPITAL ILLITERACY INCOME INFANT MORTALITY INFANTS INHABITANTS JOB MARKET LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKETS LABOR SUPPLY LEISURE LIVING STANDARDS MALNUTRITION MEAN INCOME MEDICAL SERVICES MIGRATION MOBILITY MORALITY MOTIVATION NON-PROFIT SECTOR NUTRITION POLICY RESEARCH POLITICAL ECONOMY POOR BENEFIT POOR HOUSEHOLDS POVERTY ALLEVIATION POVERTY LINE POVERTY REDUCTION PRIVATE SECTORS PUBLIC EXPENDITURES PUBLIC GOODS PUBLIC POLICIES QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS RESIDENCY RURAL AREAS RURAL HOUSEHOLDS SAMPLE SIZE SAMPLE SIZES SAVINGS SCHOOLS SOCIAL CAPITAL SOCIAL SECURITY SOCIAL STATUS SOCIAL WORK SOCIAL WORKERS SPATIAL DIMENSIONS URBAN AREAS URBAN HOUSEHOLDS VULNERABLE GROUPS WAGE INCOME WAGES
spellingShingle	AGED ANALYTICAL WORK BENEFICIARY ASSESSMENT CASE STUDY CIVIL SOCIETY COMMON PROPERTY COMMUNITIES COMMUNITY ACTIVITIES COMMUNITY CHARACTERISTICS CROWDING CROWDING OUT DATA SET DEMOGRAPHICS DEPENDENT VARIABLE DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT POLICY DEVELOPMENT STUDIES DISCRIMINATION DISTRICTS ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC BEHAVIOR ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT ECONOMIC REVIEW ECONOMIC VALUE ECONOMICS EDUCATION LEVEL EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EMPIRICAL STUDIES EMPLOYMENT ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS EQUALITY EXCLUDED GROUPS EXPENDITURES FEMALES FORMAL ECONOMY GENDER GEOGRAPHIC TARGETING GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES HEALTH CENTER HEALTH STATUS HEALTH SURVEY HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS HOUSEHOLD HEAD HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD QUESTIONNAIRE HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HOUSING HUMAN CAPITAL ILLITERACY INCOME INFANT MORTALITY INFANTS INHABITANTS JOB MARKET LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKETS LABOR SUPPLY LEISURE LIVING STANDARDS MALNUTRITION MEAN INCOME MEDICAL SERVICES MIGRATION MOBILITY MORALITY MOTIVATION NON-PROFIT SECTOR NUTRITION POLICY RESEARCH POLITICAL ECONOMY POOR BENEFIT POOR HOUSEHOLDS POVERTY ALLEVIATION POVERTY LINE POVERTY REDUCTION PRIVATE SECTORS PUBLIC EXPENDITURES PUBLIC GOODS PUBLIC POLICIES QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS RESIDENCY RURAL AREAS RURAL HOUSEHOLDS SAMPLE SIZE SAMPLE SIZES SAVINGS SCHOOLS SOCIAL CAPITAL SOCIAL SECURITY SOCIAL STATUS SOCIAL WORK SOCIAL WORKERS SPATIAL DIMENSIONS URBAN AREAS URBAN HOUSEHOLDS VULNERABLE GROUPS WAGE INCOME WAGES Schady, Norbert R. Who Participates : The Supply of Volunteer Labor and the Distribution of Government Programs in Rural Peru
geographic_facet	Latin America & Caribbean Peru
relation	Policy Research Working Paper;No. 2671
description	Numerous analysts have linked volunteering and participation to positive economic and political outcomes. The author uses the 1994 Peru Living Standards Measurement Survey to analyze volunteering patterns in rural Peru. He finds that volunteers in rural Peru have a high opportunity cost of time. They are more educated and more likely to hold a job. Other household characteristics, such as gender, marital status, length of residence, and ethnicity, are also important predictors of the probability of volunteering. Controlling for household characteristics, communities differ widely in aggregate volunteer levels. These differences seem unrelated to differences in patterns of government expenditures. Volunteering may have important benefits in building social capital and encouraging greater ownership of development projects. For example, many public programs in rural Peru and elsewhere ask that the intended beneficiaries "participate" as a means of building trust and social capital, increasing the sustainability of investments and helping self-target investments to the poor. But the author finds that encouraging participation by potential beneficiaries is unlikely to be an effective form of self-targeting, since people with a higher opportunity cost of time volunteer more. Moreover, social programs that require participation may have difficulty reaching some vulnerable groups, such as women and the illiterate.
format	Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper
author	Schady, Norbert R.
author_facet	Schady, Norbert R.
author_sort	Schady, Norbert R.
title	Who Participates : The Supply of Volunteer Labor and the Distribution of Government Programs in Rural Peru
title_short	Who Participates : The Supply of Volunteer Labor and the Distribution of Government Programs in Rural Peru
title_full	Who Participates : The Supply of Volunteer Labor and the Distribution of Government Programs in Rural Peru
title_fullStr	Who Participates : The Supply of Volunteer Labor and the Distribution of Government Programs in Rural Peru
title_full_unstemmed	Who Participates : The Supply of Volunteer Labor and the Distribution of Government Programs in Rural Peru
title_sort	who participates : the supply of volunteer labor and the distribution of government programs in rural peru
publisher	World Bank, Washington, DC
publishDate	2014
url	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2001/09/1570716/participates-supply-volunteer-labor-distribution-government-programs-rural-peru http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19557
_version_	1764439994094583808

Who Participates : The Supply of Volunteer Labor and the Distribution of Government Programs in Rural Peru

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