Global Trade and Food Safety : Winners and Losers in a Fragmented System

Food safety standards, and the tradeoff between these standards, and agricultural export growth, are at the forefront of the trade policy debate. How food safety is addressed in the world trade system, is critical for developing countries that cont...

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Main Authors:	Wilson, John S., Otsuki, Tsunehiro
Format:	Policy Research Working Paper
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2014
Subjects:	FOOD SAFETY FOOD SECURITY AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS TRADE POLICY STANDARDIZATION LEAST DEVELOPED COUNTRIES TRADE PROMOTION AFLATOXINS CONTAMINANTS CEREAL PRODUCTS NUT INDUSTRY COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS AGRICULTURAL NEGOTIATIONS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURAL TRADE AGRICULTURE BEEF BENCHMARK BILATERAL TRADE CANCER CARCINOGENS CEREALS CHANGES IN TRADE CONSUMERS CORN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DRIED FRUIT DRIED FRUITS ECONOMETRIC MODELS ECONOMIC RESEARCH ECONOMICS ECONOMISTS EDIBLE NUTS ELASTICITY EXPORT GROWTH EXPORT MARKETS EXPORT PROSPECTS EXPORTERS EXPORTS FISH FOOD ADDITIVES FOOD GRAINS FOOD HANDLING FOOD MARKETING FOOD POLICY FOOD PROCESSING FOOD PRODUCTS FOODS FOREIGN PRODUCERS FREE TRADE FREE TRADE AREA FRUITS GLOBAL TRADE GNP GNP PER CAPITA GRAVITY MODEL GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT GROUNDNUT GROUNDNUTS HAZARDS IMPERFECT INFORMATION IMPORTS INCOME INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MARGINAL BENEFITS MARGINAL COSTS MARKET FAILURES MORTALITY MUTUAL TRADE NUT PRODUCTS NUTS PECANS POLICY RESEARCH PREFERENTIAL TREATMENT PRODUCERS PUBLIC HEALTH REGIONAL TRADE REGIONALISM REGULATORY BARRIERS RICE SAFETY REGULATIONS SAFETY STANDARDS SCALE EFFECT TAXATION TOXIC SUBSTANCES TRADE BARRIERS TRADE DATA TRADE DISPUTES TRADE EFFECT TRADE FLOW DATA TRADE FLOWS TRADE PATTERNS TRADE PERFORMANCE TRADE VOLUMES TRANSACTION COSTS URUGUAY ROUND VALUE OF EXPORTS VALUE OF TRADE VEGETABLES WALNUTS WELFARE EFFECTS WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2001/10/1615017/global-trade-food-safety-winners-losers-fragmented-system http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19529

id	okr-10986-19529
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	okr-10986-195292021-04-23T14:03:43Z Global Trade and Food Safety : Winners and Losers in a Fragmented System Wilson, John S. Otsuki, Tsunehiro FOOD SAFETY FOOD SECURITY AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS TRADE POLICY STANDARDIZATION LEAST DEVELOPED COUNTRIES TRADE PROMOTION AFLATOXINS CONTAMINANTS CEREAL PRODUCTS NUT INDUSTRY COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS AGRICULTURAL NEGOTIATIONS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURAL TRADE AGRICULTURE BEEF BENCHMARK BILATERAL TRADE CANCER CARCINOGENS CEREALS CHANGES IN TRADE CONSUMERS CORN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DRIED FRUIT DRIED FRUITS ECONOMETRIC MODELS ECONOMIC RESEARCH ECONOMICS ECONOMISTS EDIBLE NUTS ELASTICITY EXPORT GROWTH EXPORT MARKETS EXPORT PROSPECTS EXPORTERS EXPORTS FISH FOOD ADDITIVES FOOD GRAINS FOOD HANDLING FOOD MARKETING FOOD POLICY FOOD PROCESSING FOOD PRODUCTS FOOD SAFETY FOODS FOREIGN PRODUCERS FREE TRADE FREE TRADE AREA FRUITS GLOBAL TRADE GNP GNP PER CAPITA GRAVITY MODEL GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT GROUNDNUT GROUNDNUTS HAZARDS IMPERFECT INFORMATION IMPORTS INCOME INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MARGINAL BENEFITS MARGINAL COSTS MARKET FAILURES MORTALITY MUTUAL TRADE NUT PRODUCTS NUTS PECANS POLICY RESEARCH PREFERENTIAL TREATMENT PRODUCERS PUBLIC HEALTH REGIONAL TRADE REGIONALISM REGULATORY BARRIERS RICE SAFETY REGULATIONS SAFETY STANDARDS SCALE EFFECT TAXATION TOXIC SUBSTANCES TRADE BARRIERS TRADE DATA TRADE DISPUTES TRADE EFFECT TRADE FLOW DATA TRADE FLOWS TRADE PATTERNS TRADE PERFORMANCE TRADE POLICY TRADE VOLUMES TRANSACTION COSTS URUGUAY ROUND VALUE OF EXPORTS VALUE OF TRADE VEGETABLES WALNUTS WELFARE EFFECTS WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES Food safety standards, and the tradeoff between these standards, and agricultural export growth, are at the forefront of the trade policy debate. How food safety is addressed in the world trade system, is critical for developing countries that continue to rely on agricultural exports. In a fragmented system of conflicting national food safety standards, and no globally accepted standards, export prospects for the least developed countries, can be severely limited. The authors examine the impact that adopting international food safety standards, and harmonizing standards would have on global food trade patterns. They estimate the effect of aflatoxin standards in fifteen importing countries (including four developing countries) on exports from thirty one countries (twenty one of them developing). Aflatoxin is a natural substance that can contaminate certain nuts, and grains when storage, and drying facilities are inadequate. The analysis shows that adopting a worldwide standard for aflatoxin B1 (potentially the most toxic of aflatoxins) based on current international guidelines, would increase nut, and cereal trade among the countries studied, by $ 6.1 billion, compared with 1998 levels. This harmonization of standards would increase world exports by $ 38.8 billion. 2014-08-20T20:49:44Z 2014-08-20T20:49:44Z 2001-10 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2001/10/1615017/global-trade-food-safety-winners-losers-fragmented-system http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19529 English en_US Policy Research Working Paper;No. 2689 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English en_US
topic	FOOD SAFETY FOOD SECURITY AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS TRADE POLICY STANDARDIZATION LEAST DEVELOPED COUNTRIES TRADE PROMOTION AFLATOXINS CONTAMINANTS CEREAL PRODUCTS NUT INDUSTRY COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS AGRICULTURAL NEGOTIATIONS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURAL TRADE AGRICULTURE BEEF BENCHMARK BILATERAL TRADE CANCER CARCINOGENS CEREALS CHANGES IN TRADE CONSUMERS CORN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DRIED FRUIT DRIED FRUITS ECONOMETRIC MODELS ECONOMIC RESEARCH ECONOMICS ECONOMISTS EDIBLE NUTS ELASTICITY EXPORT GROWTH EXPORT MARKETS EXPORT PROSPECTS EXPORTERS EXPORTS FISH FOOD ADDITIVES FOOD GRAINS FOOD HANDLING FOOD MARKETING FOOD POLICY FOOD PROCESSING FOOD PRODUCTS FOOD SAFETY FOODS FOREIGN PRODUCERS FREE TRADE FREE TRADE AREA FRUITS GLOBAL TRADE GNP GNP PER CAPITA GRAVITY MODEL GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT GROUNDNUT GROUNDNUTS HAZARDS IMPERFECT INFORMATION IMPORTS INCOME INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MARGINAL BENEFITS MARGINAL COSTS MARKET FAILURES MORTALITY MUTUAL TRADE NUT PRODUCTS NUTS PECANS POLICY RESEARCH PREFERENTIAL TREATMENT PRODUCERS PUBLIC HEALTH REGIONAL TRADE REGIONALISM REGULATORY BARRIERS RICE SAFETY REGULATIONS SAFETY STANDARDS SCALE EFFECT TAXATION TOXIC SUBSTANCES TRADE BARRIERS TRADE DATA TRADE DISPUTES TRADE EFFECT TRADE FLOW DATA TRADE FLOWS TRADE PATTERNS TRADE PERFORMANCE TRADE POLICY TRADE VOLUMES TRANSACTION COSTS URUGUAY ROUND VALUE OF EXPORTS VALUE OF TRADE VEGETABLES WALNUTS WELFARE EFFECTS WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES
spellingShingle	FOOD SAFETY FOOD SECURITY AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS TRADE POLICY STANDARDIZATION LEAST DEVELOPED COUNTRIES TRADE PROMOTION AFLATOXINS CONTAMINANTS CEREAL PRODUCTS NUT INDUSTRY COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS AGRICULTURAL NEGOTIATIONS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURAL TRADE AGRICULTURE BEEF BENCHMARK BILATERAL TRADE CANCER CARCINOGENS CEREALS CHANGES IN TRADE CONSUMERS CORN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DRIED FRUIT DRIED FRUITS ECONOMETRIC MODELS ECONOMIC RESEARCH ECONOMICS ECONOMISTS EDIBLE NUTS ELASTICITY EXPORT GROWTH EXPORT MARKETS EXPORT PROSPECTS EXPORTERS EXPORTS FISH FOOD ADDITIVES FOOD GRAINS FOOD HANDLING FOOD MARKETING FOOD POLICY FOOD PROCESSING FOOD PRODUCTS FOOD SAFETY FOODS FOREIGN PRODUCERS FREE TRADE FREE TRADE AREA FRUITS GLOBAL TRADE GNP GNP PER CAPITA GRAVITY MODEL GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT GROUNDNUT GROUNDNUTS HAZARDS IMPERFECT INFORMATION IMPORTS INCOME INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MARGINAL BENEFITS MARGINAL COSTS MARKET FAILURES MORTALITY MUTUAL TRADE NUT PRODUCTS NUTS PECANS POLICY RESEARCH PREFERENTIAL TREATMENT PRODUCERS PUBLIC HEALTH REGIONAL TRADE REGIONALISM REGULATORY BARRIERS RICE SAFETY REGULATIONS SAFETY STANDARDS SCALE EFFECT TAXATION TOXIC SUBSTANCES TRADE BARRIERS TRADE DATA TRADE DISPUTES TRADE EFFECT TRADE FLOW DATA TRADE FLOWS TRADE PATTERNS TRADE PERFORMANCE TRADE POLICY TRADE VOLUMES TRANSACTION COSTS URUGUAY ROUND VALUE OF EXPORTS VALUE OF TRADE VEGETABLES WALNUTS WELFARE EFFECTS WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES Wilson, John S. Otsuki, Tsunehiro Global Trade and Food Safety : Winners and Losers in a Fragmented System
relation	Policy Research Working Paper;No. 2689
description	Food safety standards, and the tradeoff between these standards, and agricultural export growth, are at the forefront of the trade policy debate. How food safety is addressed in the world trade system, is critical for developing countries that continue to rely on agricultural exports. In a fragmented system of conflicting national food safety standards, and no globally accepted standards, export prospects for the least developed countries, can be severely limited. The authors examine the impact that adopting international food safety standards, and harmonizing standards would have on global food trade patterns. They estimate the effect of aflatoxin standards in fifteen importing countries (including four developing countries) on exports from thirty one countries (twenty one of them developing). Aflatoxin is a natural substance that can contaminate certain nuts, and grains when storage, and drying facilities are inadequate. The analysis shows that adopting a worldwide standard for aflatoxin B1 (potentially the most toxic of aflatoxins) based on current international guidelines, would increase nut, and cereal trade among the countries studied, by $ 6.1 billion, compared with 1998 levels. This harmonization of standards would increase world exports by $ 38.8 billion.
format	Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper
author	Wilson, John S. Otsuki, Tsunehiro
author_facet	Wilson, John S. Otsuki, Tsunehiro
author_sort	Wilson, John S.
title	Global Trade and Food Safety : Winners and Losers in a Fragmented System
title_short	Global Trade and Food Safety : Winners and Losers in a Fragmented System
title_full	Global Trade and Food Safety : Winners and Losers in a Fragmented System
title_fullStr	Global Trade and Food Safety : Winners and Losers in a Fragmented System
title_full_unstemmed	Global Trade and Food Safety : Winners and Losers in a Fragmented System
title_sort	global trade and food safety : winners and losers in a fragmented system
publisher	World Bank, Washington, DC
publishDate	2014
url	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2001/10/1615017/global-trade-food-safety-winners-losers-fragmented-system http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19529
_version_	1764439933570777088

Global Trade and Food Safety : Winners and Losers in a Fragmented System

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