Trade and Transport Facilitation in South Asia : Systems in Transition, Volume 1. Summary and Main Report
Over the past few decades, the World trading system has become increasingly more open. Tariff rates have been reduced and quantitative restrictions (quotas) have been progressively eliminated, e.g. the Multi-Fiber Agreement (MFA). Most countries ha...
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| Format: | Policy Note |
| Language: | English en_US |
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Washington, DC
2014
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2008/06/9748929/trade-transport-facilitation-south-asia-systems-transition-vol-1-2-summary-main-report http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19480 |
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okr-10986-19480 |
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oai_dc |
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Digital Repository |
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Foreign Institution |
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Digital Repositories |
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World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
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World Bank |
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English en_US |
| topic |
ACCESS TO THE SEA AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AIR AIR FREIGHT AIR TRANSPORT ANTI-DUMPING MEASURES AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY AUTOMOTIVE SECTOR AVIATION POLICY BERTH BERTHS BILATERAL AGREEMENT BILLS OF LADING BORDER CROSSING BORDER CROSSINGS BULK CARGO CABOTAGE CARGO DWELL TIME CARGO HANDLING CARGO INSURANCE CFS CIF COMMODITIES COMMODITY COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE CONGESTION CONSIGNMENT CONSUMER PROTECTION CONTAINER CARGO CONTAINER FACILITIES CONTAINER FREIGHT STATIONS CONTAINER HANDLING CONTAINER SERVICES CONTAINER SHIPPING CONTAINER TERMINAL CONTAINER TERMINALS CONTAINER TRAFFIC CONTAINER VESSELS CONTAINERS COSTS OF TRANSPORT CROSSING CUSTOMS CUSTOMS BROKERS CUSTOMS CLEARANCE CUSTOMS INSPECTORS CUSTOMS OFFICERS CUSTOMS PROCEDURES DEADWEIGHT DEBT SERVICING DELIVERIES DELIVERY SCHEDULES DELIVERY TIMES DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DIRECT DELIVERY DISTRIBUTION SECTOR DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS DOMESTIC PRODUCERS DOMESTIC PRODUCTION DUTY DRAWBACK DUTY EXEMPTION SCHEME DWT ELECTRONIC SIGNATURES EXPORT CLEARANCE EXPORT DOCUMENTATION EXPORT PRODUCTION EXPORT PROMOTION EXPORTS EXPRESS DELIVERY COMPANIES EXTERNAL TRADE FLEETS FOREIGN TRADE FOREIGN VESSELS FREE TRADE FREE TRADE AREA FREIGHT FREIGHT FORWARDING FREIGHT MARKET FREIGHT SECTOR FREIGHT SERVICE FREIGHT SERVICES FREIGHT STATION FREIGHT SYSTEMS FREIGHT TRAFFIC FREIGHT TRANSPORT FREIGHT VEHICLE FREIGHT VEHICLES FREIGHTERS GLOBAL ECONOMY GLOBAL MARKETS GLOBAL TRADE HAULING HIGH DUTIES HIGHWAY HIGHWAY AUTHORITY HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION HIGHWAY NETWORK HIGHWAY NETWORKS HIGHWAYS IMPORT SUBSTITUTION IMPORTING COUNTRY INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT INLAND TRANSPORT INSPECTION INTERNATIONAL GATEWAYS INTERNATIONAL LEVELS INTERNATIONAL NORMS INTERNATIONAL RAIL INTERNATIONAL TRADE INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT INTRAREGIONAL TRADE INVENTORY INVENTORY CONTROL INVENTORY MANAGEMENT JOINT VENTURE LAND TRANSPORT LANDLOCKED COUNTRIES LINER SHIPPING LOADING LOGISTICS COSTS LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT LOGISTICS REQUIREMENTS MANUFACTURING MARKET SHARE MODERN TRANSPORT MOST FAVORED NATION NATIONAL AIRLINES NON-TARIFF BARRIERS OCEAN FREIGHT OPEN SKIES OUTSOURCING PASSENGER SERVICES PASSENGER TRAINS PASSENGERS POLICY RESEARCH PORT CHARGES PORT FACILITIES PORT SERVICES PORTS POTENTIAL BENEFITS PREFERENTIAL TRADE PUBLIC DOMAIN QUANTITATIVE RESTRICTIONS RAIL RAIL CORRIDOR RAIL FREIGHT RAIL SAFETY RAIL SECTOR RAIL SERVICES RAIL TRACK RAIL TRANSIT RAIL TRANSPORT RAILWAY RAILWAYS RAPID TRANSPORT REBATES REGIONAL ECONOMIES REGIONAL INTEGRATION REGIONAL TRADE REGIONAL TRANSIT ROAD ROAD DAMAGE ROAD FREIGHT RATES ROAD TRANSPORT ROADS ROUTE ROUTES SAFETY SEAPORTS SHIPPERS SHIPPING SHIPPING CONFERENCES SHIPPING RATES SPEEDS SPOT MARKET SUPPLY CHAINS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TARIFF LEVELS TARIFF RATE TARIFF RATE QUOTA TAX TERMINAL FACILITIES TONNAGE TRACK CAPACITY TRADE AGREEMENTS TRADE DIVERSION TRADE FACILITATION TRADE FLOWS TRADE LOGISTICS TRADE POLICIES TRADE REGULATIONS TRADE RESTRICTIONS TRADE SYSTEM TRADE SYSTEMS TRADE VOLUME TRAFFIC TRAIN CONTROL TRAINS TRANSIT TRANSIT FACILITIES TRANSIT SYSTEM TRANSIT SYSTEMS TRANSIT TIMES TRANSIT TRADE TRANSPORT TRANSPORT AGREEMENT TRANSPORT AGREEMENTS TRANSPORT CAPACITY TRANSPORT CORRIDORS TRANSPORT COSTS TRANSPORT FACILITATION TRANSPORT INDUSTRY TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE TRANSPORT SECTOR TRANSPORT SERVICE TRANSPORT SERVICE PROVIDERS TRANSPORT SERVICES TRANSPORT SYSTEM TRANSPORT SYSTEMS TRANSPORT · RAILWAYS TRANSSHIPMENT TRUCK TRANSPORT TRUCKS VEHICLE VEHICLE INSURANCE VEHICLE MOVEMENT VESSELS WAREHOUSING WORLD MARKET WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WORLD TRADING SYSTEM |
| spellingShingle |
ACCESS TO THE SEA AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AIR AIR FREIGHT AIR TRANSPORT ANTI-DUMPING MEASURES AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY AUTOMOTIVE SECTOR AVIATION POLICY BERTH BERTHS BILATERAL AGREEMENT BILLS OF LADING BORDER CROSSING BORDER CROSSINGS BULK CARGO CABOTAGE CARGO DWELL TIME CARGO HANDLING CARGO INSURANCE CFS CIF COMMODITIES COMMODITY COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE CONGESTION CONSIGNMENT CONSUMER PROTECTION CONTAINER CARGO CONTAINER FACILITIES CONTAINER FREIGHT STATIONS CONTAINER HANDLING CONTAINER SERVICES CONTAINER SHIPPING CONTAINER TERMINAL CONTAINER TERMINALS CONTAINER TRAFFIC CONTAINER VESSELS CONTAINERS COSTS OF TRANSPORT CROSSING CUSTOMS CUSTOMS BROKERS CUSTOMS CLEARANCE CUSTOMS INSPECTORS CUSTOMS OFFICERS CUSTOMS PROCEDURES DEADWEIGHT DEBT SERVICING DELIVERIES DELIVERY SCHEDULES DELIVERY TIMES DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DIRECT DELIVERY DISTRIBUTION SECTOR DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS DOMESTIC PRODUCERS DOMESTIC PRODUCTION DUTY DRAWBACK DUTY EXEMPTION SCHEME DWT ELECTRONIC SIGNATURES EXPORT CLEARANCE EXPORT DOCUMENTATION EXPORT PRODUCTION EXPORT PROMOTION EXPORTS EXPRESS DELIVERY COMPANIES EXTERNAL TRADE FLEETS FOREIGN TRADE FOREIGN VESSELS FREE TRADE FREE TRADE AREA FREIGHT FREIGHT FORWARDING FREIGHT MARKET FREIGHT SECTOR FREIGHT SERVICE FREIGHT SERVICES FREIGHT STATION FREIGHT SYSTEMS FREIGHT TRAFFIC FREIGHT TRANSPORT FREIGHT VEHICLE FREIGHT VEHICLES FREIGHTERS GLOBAL ECONOMY GLOBAL MARKETS GLOBAL TRADE HAULING HIGH DUTIES HIGHWAY HIGHWAY AUTHORITY HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION HIGHWAY NETWORK HIGHWAY NETWORKS HIGHWAYS IMPORT SUBSTITUTION IMPORTING COUNTRY INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT INLAND TRANSPORT INSPECTION INTERNATIONAL GATEWAYS INTERNATIONAL LEVELS INTERNATIONAL NORMS INTERNATIONAL RAIL INTERNATIONAL TRADE INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT INTRAREGIONAL TRADE INVENTORY INVENTORY CONTROL INVENTORY MANAGEMENT JOINT VENTURE LAND TRANSPORT LANDLOCKED COUNTRIES LINER SHIPPING LOADING LOGISTICS COSTS LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT LOGISTICS REQUIREMENTS MANUFACTURING MARKET SHARE MODERN TRANSPORT MOST FAVORED NATION NATIONAL AIRLINES NON-TARIFF BARRIERS OCEAN FREIGHT OPEN SKIES OUTSOURCING PASSENGER SERVICES PASSENGER TRAINS PASSENGERS POLICY RESEARCH PORT CHARGES PORT FACILITIES PORT SERVICES PORTS POTENTIAL BENEFITS PREFERENTIAL TRADE PUBLIC DOMAIN QUANTITATIVE RESTRICTIONS RAIL RAIL CORRIDOR RAIL FREIGHT RAIL SAFETY RAIL SECTOR RAIL SERVICES RAIL TRACK RAIL TRANSIT RAIL TRANSPORT RAILWAY RAILWAYS RAPID TRANSPORT REBATES REGIONAL ECONOMIES REGIONAL INTEGRATION REGIONAL TRADE REGIONAL TRANSIT ROAD ROAD DAMAGE ROAD FREIGHT RATES ROAD TRANSPORT ROADS ROUTE ROUTES SAFETY SEAPORTS SHIPPERS SHIPPING SHIPPING CONFERENCES SHIPPING RATES SPEEDS SPOT MARKET SUPPLY CHAINS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TARIFF LEVELS TARIFF RATE TARIFF RATE QUOTA TAX TERMINAL FACILITIES TONNAGE TRACK CAPACITY TRADE AGREEMENTS TRADE DIVERSION TRADE FACILITATION TRADE FLOWS TRADE LOGISTICS TRADE POLICIES TRADE REGULATIONS TRADE RESTRICTIONS TRADE SYSTEM TRADE SYSTEMS TRADE VOLUME TRAFFIC TRAIN CONTROL TRAINS TRANSIT TRANSIT FACILITIES TRANSIT SYSTEM TRANSIT SYSTEMS TRANSIT TIMES TRANSIT TRADE TRANSPORT TRANSPORT AGREEMENT TRANSPORT AGREEMENTS TRANSPORT CAPACITY TRANSPORT CORRIDORS TRANSPORT COSTS TRANSPORT FACILITATION TRANSPORT INDUSTRY TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE TRANSPORT SECTOR TRANSPORT SERVICE TRANSPORT SERVICE PROVIDERS TRANSPORT SERVICES TRANSPORT SYSTEM TRANSPORT SYSTEMS TRANSPORT · RAILWAYS TRANSSHIPMENT TRUCK TRANSPORT TRUCKS VEHICLE VEHICLE INSURANCE VEHICLE MOVEMENT VESSELS WAREHOUSING WORLD MARKET WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WORLD TRADING SYSTEM World Bank Trade and Transport Facilitation in South Asia : Systems in Transition, Volume 1. Summary and Main Report |
| geographic_facet |
South Asia South Asia |
| description |
Over the past few decades, the World
trading system has become increasingly more open. Tariff
rates have been reduced and quantitative restrictions
(quotas) have been progressively eliminated, e.g. the
Multi-Fiber Agreement (MFA). Most countries have adopted
more outward-looking economic policies, seeking to increase
growth and employment through expanding exports. Such
outward looking policies have even been adopted by countries
which previously pursued policies based on import
substitution as in South Asia. Protective trade restrictions
still persist, but tend to be in terms of more subtle
non-tariff barriers (such as sanitary or phyto-sanitary
standards), though anti-dumping measures and temporary
quantity restrictions are still used by many countries to
shield domestic producers. Trade regulations no longer
solely attempt to protect domestic producers; their scope
has extended to cover the need for enhanced security and the
desire for greater consumer protection through the
traceability of the production chain for many agricultural
products. Intense competition compels firms to reduce costs
throughout their manufacturing and distribution processes.
Outsourcing to lower cost firms and countries has been one
major source of cost reduction, reduced inventory costs
through just-in-time manufacturing, and distribution systems
has been another. Both are predicated on efficient, reliable
and low-cost supply chains. With the worldwide fall in
tariff levels, the efficiency of supply chains and the
associated logistics costs are becoming core determinants of
the competitiveness of both firms and countries. They may
also influence the destination of inward direct investment;
many countries can offer low labor costs and tax incentives,
fewer can offer quick, efficient, reliable, and low cost logistics. |
| format |
Economic & Sector Work :: Policy Note |
| author |
World Bank |
| author_facet |
World Bank |
| author_sort |
World Bank |
| title |
Trade and Transport Facilitation in South Asia : Systems in Transition, Volume 1. Summary and Main Report |
| title_short |
Trade and Transport Facilitation in South Asia : Systems in Transition, Volume 1. Summary and Main Report |
| title_full |
Trade and Transport Facilitation in South Asia : Systems in Transition, Volume 1. Summary and Main Report |
| title_fullStr |
Trade and Transport Facilitation in South Asia : Systems in Transition, Volume 1. Summary and Main Report |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Trade and Transport Facilitation in South Asia : Systems in Transition, Volume 1. Summary and Main Report |
| title_sort |
trade and transport facilitation in south asia : systems in transition, volume 1. summary and main report |
| publisher |
Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2014 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2008/06/9748929/trade-transport-facilitation-south-asia-systems-transition-vol-1-2-summary-main-report http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19480 |
| _version_ |
1764441110808100864 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-194802021-04-23T14:03:45Z Trade and Transport Facilitation in South Asia : Systems in Transition, Volume 1. Summary and Main Report World Bank ACCESS TO THE SEA AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AIR AIR FREIGHT AIR TRANSPORT ANTI-DUMPING MEASURES AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY AUTOMOTIVE SECTOR AVIATION POLICY BERTH BERTHS BILATERAL AGREEMENT BILLS OF LADING BORDER CROSSING BORDER CROSSINGS BULK CARGO CABOTAGE CARGO DWELL TIME CARGO HANDLING CARGO INSURANCE CFS CIF COMMODITIES COMMODITY COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE CONGESTION CONSIGNMENT CONSUMER PROTECTION CONTAINER CARGO CONTAINER FACILITIES CONTAINER FREIGHT STATIONS CONTAINER HANDLING CONTAINER SERVICES CONTAINER SHIPPING CONTAINER TERMINAL CONTAINER TERMINALS CONTAINER TRAFFIC CONTAINER VESSELS CONTAINERS COSTS OF TRANSPORT CROSSING CUSTOMS CUSTOMS BROKERS CUSTOMS CLEARANCE CUSTOMS INSPECTORS CUSTOMS OFFICERS CUSTOMS PROCEDURES DEADWEIGHT DEBT SERVICING DELIVERIES DELIVERY SCHEDULES DELIVERY TIMES DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DIRECT DELIVERY DISTRIBUTION SECTOR DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS DOMESTIC PRODUCERS DOMESTIC PRODUCTION DUTY DRAWBACK DUTY EXEMPTION SCHEME DWT ELECTRONIC SIGNATURES EXPORT CLEARANCE EXPORT DOCUMENTATION EXPORT PRODUCTION EXPORT PROMOTION EXPORTS EXPRESS DELIVERY COMPANIES EXTERNAL TRADE FLEETS FOREIGN TRADE FOREIGN VESSELS FREE TRADE FREE TRADE AREA FREIGHT FREIGHT FORWARDING FREIGHT MARKET FREIGHT SECTOR FREIGHT SERVICE FREIGHT SERVICES FREIGHT STATION FREIGHT SYSTEMS FREIGHT TRAFFIC FREIGHT TRANSPORT FREIGHT VEHICLE FREIGHT VEHICLES FREIGHTERS GLOBAL ECONOMY GLOBAL MARKETS GLOBAL TRADE HAULING HIGH DUTIES HIGHWAY HIGHWAY AUTHORITY HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION HIGHWAY NETWORK HIGHWAY NETWORKS HIGHWAYS IMPORT SUBSTITUTION IMPORTING COUNTRY INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT INLAND TRANSPORT INSPECTION INTERNATIONAL GATEWAYS INTERNATIONAL LEVELS INTERNATIONAL NORMS INTERNATIONAL RAIL INTERNATIONAL TRADE INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT INTRAREGIONAL TRADE INVENTORY INVENTORY CONTROL INVENTORY MANAGEMENT JOINT VENTURE LAND TRANSPORT LANDLOCKED COUNTRIES LINER SHIPPING LOADING LOGISTICS COSTS LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT LOGISTICS REQUIREMENTS MANUFACTURING MARKET SHARE MODERN TRANSPORT MOST FAVORED NATION NATIONAL AIRLINES NON-TARIFF BARRIERS OCEAN FREIGHT OPEN SKIES OUTSOURCING PASSENGER SERVICES PASSENGER TRAINS PASSENGERS POLICY RESEARCH PORT CHARGES PORT FACILITIES PORT SERVICES PORTS POTENTIAL BENEFITS PREFERENTIAL TRADE PUBLIC DOMAIN QUANTITATIVE RESTRICTIONS RAIL RAIL CORRIDOR RAIL FREIGHT RAIL SAFETY RAIL SECTOR RAIL SERVICES RAIL TRACK RAIL TRANSIT RAIL TRANSPORT RAILWAY RAILWAYS RAPID TRANSPORT REBATES REGIONAL ECONOMIES REGIONAL INTEGRATION REGIONAL TRADE REGIONAL TRANSIT ROAD ROAD DAMAGE ROAD FREIGHT RATES ROAD TRANSPORT ROADS ROUTE ROUTES SAFETY SEAPORTS SHIPPERS SHIPPING SHIPPING CONFERENCES SHIPPING RATES SPEEDS SPOT MARKET SUPPLY CHAINS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TARIFF LEVELS TARIFF RATE TARIFF RATE QUOTA TAX TERMINAL FACILITIES TONNAGE TRACK CAPACITY TRADE AGREEMENTS TRADE DIVERSION TRADE FACILITATION TRADE FLOWS TRADE LOGISTICS TRADE POLICIES TRADE REGULATIONS TRADE RESTRICTIONS TRADE SYSTEM TRADE SYSTEMS TRADE VOLUME TRAFFIC TRAIN CONTROL TRAINS TRANSIT TRANSIT FACILITIES TRANSIT SYSTEM TRANSIT SYSTEMS TRANSIT TIMES TRANSIT TRADE TRANSPORT TRANSPORT AGREEMENT TRANSPORT AGREEMENTS TRANSPORT CAPACITY TRANSPORT CORRIDORS TRANSPORT COSTS TRANSPORT FACILITATION TRANSPORT INDUSTRY TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE TRANSPORT SECTOR TRANSPORT SERVICE TRANSPORT SERVICE PROVIDERS TRANSPORT SERVICES TRANSPORT SYSTEM TRANSPORT SYSTEMS TRANSPORT · RAILWAYS TRANSSHIPMENT TRUCK TRANSPORT TRUCKS VEHICLE VEHICLE INSURANCE VEHICLE MOVEMENT VESSELS WAREHOUSING WORLD MARKET WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WORLD TRADING SYSTEM Over the past few decades, the World trading system has become increasingly more open. Tariff rates have been reduced and quantitative restrictions (quotas) have been progressively eliminated, e.g. the Multi-Fiber Agreement (MFA). Most countries have adopted more outward-looking economic policies, seeking to increase growth and employment through expanding exports. Such outward looking policies have even been adopted by countries which previously pursued policies based on import substitution as in South Asia. Protective trade restrictions still persist, but tend to be in terms of more subtle non-tariff barriers (such as sanitary or phyto-sanitary standards), though anti-dumping measures and temporary quantity restrictions are still used by many countries to shield domestic producers. Trade regulations no longer solely attempt to protect domestic producers; their scope has extended to cover the need for enhanced security and the desire for greater consumer protection through the traceability of the production chain for many agricultural products. Intense competition compels firms to reduce costs throughout their manufacturing and distribution processes. Outsourcing to lower cost firms and countries has been one major source of cost reduction, reduced inventory costs through just-in-time manufacturing, and distribution systems has been another. Both are predicated on efficient, reliable and low-cost supply chains. With the worldwide fall in tariff levels, the efficiency of supply chains and the associated logistics costs are becoming core determinants of the competitiveness of both firms and countries. They may also influence the destination of inward direct investment; many countries can offer low labor costs and tax incentives, fewer can offer quick, efficient, reliable, and low cost logistics. 2014-08-19T21:32:48Z 2014-08-19T21:32:48Z 2008-06-23 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2008/06/9748929/trade-transport-facilitation-south-asia-systems-transition-vol-1-2-summary-main-report http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19480 English en_US CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ Washington, DC Economic & Sector Work :: Policy Note Economic & Sector Work South Asia South Asia |