Growth without Governance

It is well known that there is a strong positive correlation between per capita incomes and the quality of governance across countries. the authors propose an empirical strategy that allows separation of this correlation into (1) a strong positive...

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Main Authors: Kaufmann, Daniel, Kraay, Aart
Format: Policy Research Working Paper
Language:English
en_US
Published: World Bank, Washington, DC 2014
Subjects:
Online Access:http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2002/11/2075846/growth-without-governance
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19206
id okr-10986-19206
recordtype oai_dc
repository_type Digital Repository
institution_category Foreign Institution
institution Digital Repositories
building World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection World Bank
language English
en_US
topic ACCOUNTABILITY MEASURE
AGGREGATE GOVERNANCE
AGGREGATE GOVERNANCE INDICATOR
AGGREGATE GOVERNANCE INDICATORS
AGGREGATE INDICATORS
AGGREGATION METHODOLOGY
AGGREGATION PROCEDURE
ANTICORRUPTION
ANTICORRUPTION LEGISLATION
AUTHORITY
BROAD DEFINITION OF GOVERNANCE
BROADER ASPECT OF GOVERNANCE
BUREAUCRACY
BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT
BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT
CAPITA INCOME ON GOVERNANCE
CAPITA INCOME TO BETTER GOVERNANCE OUTCOMES
CAPITA INCOME TO GOVERNANCE
CAPITA INCOMES ON GOVERNANCE
CAPITA INCOMES TO GOVERNANCE
CAUSAL EFFECT
CAUSAL EFFECTS
CHANGES IN GOVERNMENT
CHOICE OF UNITS FOR GOVERNANCE
CITIZEN
CITIZENS
CIVIL LIBERTIES
CIVIL SERVANTS
CIVIL SERVICE
CIVIL SOCIETY
CIVIL SOCIETY AT LARGE
COLONIES
COMMITMENT TO POLICIES
COMPARISONS ACROSS SOURCES
COMPARISONS OF GOVERNANCE
COMPOSITE GOVERNANCE INDICATORS
CONDITIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF GOVERNANCE
CONSEQUENCES OF GOVERNANCE
CONTINUITY OF POLICIES
CONTROL OF CORRUPTION
CONVENTIONAL WISDOM
CORRUPTION
CORRUPTION CONTROL
CORRUPTION INDICATORS
COUNTRY COMPARABILITY
COUNTRY COVERAGE
COUNTRY RANKINGS
COUNTRY RATINGS
COUNTRY RISK GUIDE
COUNTRY RISK REVIEW
COUNTRY RISK SERVICE
CRIME
CRIMINALS
CURRENT INSTITUTIONAL QUALITY
DECLINES IN GOVERNANCE
DEPENDENCE OF GOVERNANCE ON INCOMES
DETERIORATION IN GOVERNANCE
DIAGNOSTIC SURVEYS
DIMENSIONS OF GOVERNANCE
DIRECTIONS BETWEEN GOVERNANCE
DISTRIBUTION OF GOVERNANCE
DISTRIBUTION OF GOVERNANCE ESTIMATES
DISTURBANCE TERM
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
EFFECT OF GOVERNANCE
EFFECTS OF CORRUPTION
EFFECTS OF GOVERNANCE
EFFECTS OF GOVERNANCE ON GROWTH
EFFECTS OF GOVERNANCE ON INCOMES
EFFECTS OF INCOME ON GOVERNANCE
ENFORCEABILITY
EXCHANGE OF IDEAS
FAILURE OF GOVERNANCE
FEEDBACK FROM INCOMES TO GOVERNANCE
FINAL SET OF GOVERNANCE ESTIMATES
FOREIGN INVESTORS
FOREIGN TRADE
FORMAL INSTITUTIONS
GOOD GOVERNANCE
GOOD INSTITUTIONS
GOOD POLICIES
GOVERNANCE ABSENCE
GOVERNANCE CLUSTER
GOVERNANCE CLUSTERS
GOVERNANCE DATA
GOVERNANCE DATABASE
GOVERNANCE DIAGNOSTIC
GOVERNANCE ESTIMATE
GOVERNANCE ESTIMATES
GOVERNANCE INDICATOR
GOVERNANCE OUTCOMES
GOVERNANCE PERCEPTIONS
GOVERNANCE PERFORMANCE
GOVERNANCE PERFORMANCE OF COUNTRIES
GOVERNANCE RATING
GOVERNANCE SCALE
GOVERNMENT EFFECTIVENESS
GRAFT
GRAND CORRUPTION
IMPROVEMENTS IN GOVERNANCE
INCIDENCE OF MARKET-UNFRIENDLY POLICIES
INCOME LEVELS
INSTITUTIONAL QUALITY
INSTITUTIONAL QUALITY RELATIVE
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
JUDICIARY
LAW INDICATOR
LEGISLATION
LEVELS OF GOVERNANCE
MEASURE OF GOVERNANCE
MEASUREMENT ERROR
MEASUREMENT ERROR IN GOVERNANCE
MEASURES PERCEPTIONS OF CORRUPTION
MEASURING GOVERNANCE
MEDIA
MISGOVERNANCE
NATIONS
NEGATIVE FEEDBACK FROM INCOMES TO GOVERNANCE
NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS
NOTIONS OF GOVERNANCE
OBSERVABLE PROXY FOR GOVERNANCE
PER CAPITA INCOME
PER CAPITA INCOMES
POLICY RESEARCH
POLITICAL ACCOUNTABILITY
POLITICAL ECONOMIC RISK
POLITICAL RIGHTS
POLITICAL RISK
POLITICAL STABILITY
PRESENCE OF CORRUPTION
PRIORITIES
PUBLIC GOODS
PUBLIC OFFICIAL
PUBLIC POLICY
PUBLIC POWER
PUBLIC SERVICE
PUBLIC SERVICE PROVISION
PURCHASING POWER
PURCHASING POWER PARITY
QUALITY OF GOVERNANCE
QUALITY OF GOVERNANCE ACROSS COUNTRIES
QUALITY OF PUBLIC
REGIONAL DIFFERENCES IN GOVERNANCE
REGULATORY QUALITY
REVERSE CAUSATION
RISK RATING AGENCIES
RULE OF LAW
SET OF AGGREGATE GOVERNANCE INDICATORS
SET OF GOVERNANCE INDICATORS
SET OF GOVERNANCE MEASURES
SET OF WORLDWIDE GOVERNANCE INDICATORS
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
SOCIAL INTERACTIONS
SOURCES OF UNCERTAINTY
SUBJECTIVE GOVERNANCE DATA
SUBJECTIVE INDICATORS
SUBJECTIVE PERCEPTIONS
TRANSITION ECONOMIES
UNOBSERVED COMMON COMPONENT OF GOVERNANCE
UNOBSERVED COMPONENTS MODEL
UNOBSERVED GOVERNANCE
spellingShingle ACCOUNTABILITY MEASURE
AGGREGATE GOVERNANCE
AGGREGATE GOVERNANCE INDICATOR
AGGREGATE GOVERNANCE INDICATORS
AGGREGATE INDICATORS
AGGREGATION METHODOLOGY
AGGREGATION PROCEDURE
ANTICORRUPTION
ANTICORRUPTION LEGISLATION
AUTHORITY
BROAD DEFINITION OF GOVERNANCE
BROADER ASPECT OF GOVERNANCE
BUREAUCRACY
BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT
BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT
CAPITA INCOME ON GOVERNANCE
CAPITA INCOME TO BETTER GOVERNANCE OUTCOMES
CAPITA INCOME TO GOVERNANCE
CAPITA INCOMES ON GOVERNANCE
CAPITA INCOMES TO GOVERNANCE
CAUSAL EFFECT
CAUSAL EFFECTS
CHANGES IN GOVERNMENT
CHOICE OF UNITS FOR GOVERNANCE
CITIZEN
CITIZENS
CIVIL LIBERTIES
CIVIL SERVANTS
CIVIL SERVICE
CIVIL SOCIETY
CIVIL SOCIETY AT LARGE
COLONIES
COMMITMENT TO POLICIES
COMPARISONS ACROSS SOURCES
COMPARISONS OF GOVERNANCE
COMPOSITE GOVERNANCE INDICATORS
CONDITIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF GOVERNANCE
CONSEQUENCES OF GOVERNANCE
CONTINUITY OF POLICIES
CONTROL OF CORRUPTION
CONVENTIONAL WISDOM
CORRUPTION
CORRUPTION CONTROL
CORRUPTION INDICATORS
COUNTRY COMPARABILITY
COUNTRY COVERAGE
COUNTRY RANKINGS
COUNTRY RATINGS
COUNTRY RISK GUIDE
COUNTRY RISK REVIEW
COUNTRY RISK SERVICE
CRIME
CRIMINALS
CURRENT INSTITUTIONAL QUALITY
DECLINES IN GOVERNANCE
DEPENDENCE OF GOVERNANCE ON INCOMES
DETERIORATION IN GOVERNANCE
DIAGNOSTIC SURVEYS
DIMENSIONS OF GOVERNANCE
DIRECTIONS BETWEEN GOVERNANCE
DISTRIBUTION OF GOVERNANCE
DISTRIBUTION OF GOVERNANCE ESTIMATES
DISTURBANCE TERM
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
EFFECT OF GOVERNANCE
EFFECTS OF CORRUPTION
EFFECTS OF GOVERNANCE
EFFECTS OF GOVERNANCE ON GROWTH
EFFECTS OF GOVERNANCE ON INCOMES
EFFECTS OF INCOME ON GOVERNANCE
ENFORCEABILITY
EXCHANGE OF IDEAS
FAILURE OF GOVERNANCE
FEEDBACK FROM INCOMES TO GOVERNANCE
FINAL SET OF GOVERNANCE ESTIMATES
FOREIGN INVESTORS
FOREIGN TRADE
FORMAL INSTITUTIONS
GOOD GOVERNANCE
GOOD INSTITUTIONS
GOOD POLICIES
GOVERNANCE ABSENCE
GOVERNANCE CLUSTER
GOVERNANCE CLUSTERS
GOVERNANCE DATA
GOVERNANCE DATABASE
GOVERNANCE DIAGNOSTIC
GOVERNANCE ESTIMATE
GOVERNANCE ESTIMATES
GOVERNANCE INDICATOR
GOVERNANCE OUTCOMES
GOVERNANCE PERCEPTIONS
GOVERNANCE PERFORMANCE
GOVERNANCE PERFORMANCE OF COUNTRIES
GOVERNANCE RATING
GOVERNANCE SCALE
GOVERNMENT EFFECTIVENESS
GRAFT
GRAND CORRUPTION
IMPROVEMENTS IN GOVERNANCE
INCIDENCE OF MARKET-UNFRIENDLY POLICIES
INCOME LEVELS
INSTITUTIONAL QUALITY
INSTITUTIONAL QUALITY RELATIVE
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
JUDICIARY
LAW INDICATOR
LEGISLATION
LEVELS OF GOVERNANCE
MEASURE OF GOVERNANCE
MEASUREMENT ERROR
MEASUREMENT ERROR IN GOVERNANCE
MEASURES PERCEPTIONS OF CORRUPTION
MEASURING GOVERNANCE
MEDIA
MISGOVERNANCE
NATIONS
NEGATIVE FEEDBACK FROM INCOMES TO GOVERNANCE
NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS
NOTIONS OF GOVERNANCE
OBSERVABLE PROXY FOR GOVERNANCE
PER CAPITA INCOME
PER CAPITA INCOMES
POLICY RESEARCH
POLITICAL ACCOUNTABILITY
POLITICAL ECONOMIC RISK
POLITICAL RIGHTS
POLITICAL RISK
POLITICAL STABILITY
PRESENCE OF CORRUPTION
PRIORITIES
PUBLIC GOODS
PUBLIC OFFICIAL
PUBLIC POLICY
PUBLIC POWER
PUBLIC SERVICE
PUBLIC SERVICE PROVISION
PURCHASING POWER
PURCHASING POWER PARITY
QUALITY OF GOVERNANCE
QUALITY OF GOVERNANCE ACROSS COUNTRIES
QUALITY OF PUBLIC
REGIONAL DIFFERENCES IN GOVERNANCE
REGULATORY QUALITY
REVERSE CAUSATION
RISK RATING AGENCIES
RULE OF LAW
SET OF AGGREGATE GOVERNANCE INDICATORS
SET OF GOVERNANCE INDICATORS
SET OF GOVERNANCE MEASURES
SET OF WORLDWIDE GOVERNANCE INDICATORS
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
SOCIAL INTERACTIONS
SOURCES OF UNCERTAINTY
SUBJECTIVE GOVERNANCE DATA
SUBJECTIVE INDICATORS
SUBJECTIVE PERCEPTIONS
TRANSITION ECONOMIES
UNOBSERVED COMMON COMPONENT OF GOVERNANCE
UNOBSERVED COMPONENTS MODEL
UNOBSERVED GOVERNANCE
Kaufmann, Daniel
Kraay, Aart
Growth without Governance
relation Policy Research Working Paper;No. 2928
description It is well known that there is a strong positive correlation between per capita incomes and the quality of governance across countries. the authors propose an empirical strategy that allows separation of this correlation into (1) a strong positive causal effect running from better governance to higher per capita incomes, and, perhaps surprisingly at first, (2) a weak and even negative causal effect running in the opposite direction from per capita incomes to governance. The first result confirms existing evidence on the importance of good governance for economic development. The second result is new and suggests the absence of a "virtuous circle" in which higher incomes lead to further improvements in governance. This motivates the authors' choice of title, "Growth Without Governance." They document this evidence using a newly updated set of worldwide governance-indicators covering 175 countries for the period 2000-01, and use the results to interpret the relationship between incomes and governance focusing on the Latin America and Caribbean region-within a worldwide empirical context. Finally, the authors speculate about the potential importance of elite influence and state capture in accounting for the surprising negative effects of per capita incomes on governance, present some evidence on such capture in some Latin American countries, and suggest priorities for actions to improve governance when such pernicious elite influence shapes public policy.
format Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper
author Kaufmann, Daniel
Kraay, Aart
author_facet Kaufmann, Daniel
Kraay, Aart
author_sort Kaufmann, Daniel
title Growth without Governance
title_short Growth without Governance
title_full Growth without Governance
title_fullStr Growth without Governance
title_full_unstemmed Growth without Governance
title_sort growth without governance
publisher World Bank, Washington, DC
publishDate 2014
url http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2002/11/2075846/growth-without-governance
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19206
_version_ 1764439565181911040
spelling okr-10986-192062021-04-23T14:03:42Z Growth without Governance Kaufmann, Daniel Kraay, Aart ACCOUNTABILITY MEASURE AGGREGATE GOVERNANCE AGGREGATE GOVERNANCE INDICATOR AGGREGATE GOVERNANCE INDICATORS AGGREGATE INDICATORS AGGREGATION METHODOLOGY AGGREGATION PROCEDURE ANTICORRUPTION ANTICORRUPTION LEGISLATION AUTHORITY BROAD DEFINITION OF GOVERNANCE BROADER ASPECT OF GOVERNANCE BUREAUCRACY BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT CAPITA INCOME ON GOVERNANCE CAPITA INCOME TO BETTER GOVERNANCE OUTCOMES CAPITA INCOME TO GOVERNANCE CAPITA INCOMES ON GOVERNANCE CAPITA INCOMES TO GOVERNANCE CAUSAL EFFECT CAUSAL EFFECTS CHANGES IN GOVERNMENT CHOICE OF UNITS FOR GOVERNANCE CITIZEN CITIZENS CIVIL LIBERTIES CIVIL SERVANTS CIVIL SERVICE CIVIL SOCIETY CIVIL SOCIETY AT LARGE COLONIES COMMITMENT TO POLICIES COMPARISONS ACROSS SOURCES COMPARISONS OF GOVERNANCE COMPOSITE GOVERNANCE INDICATORS CONDITIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF GOVERNANCE CONSEQUENCES OF GOVERNANCE CONTINUITY OF POLICIES CONTROL OF CORRUPTION CONVENTIONAL WISDOM CORRUPTION CORRUPTION CONTROL CORRUPTION INDICATORS COUNTRY COMPARABILITY COUNTRY COVERAGE COUNTRY RANKINGS COUNTRY RATINGS COUNTRY RISK GUIDE COUNTRY RISK REVIEW COUNTRY RISK SERVICE CRIME CRIMINALS CURRENT INSTITUTIONAL QUALITY DECLINES IN GOVERNANCE DEPENDENCE OF GOVERNANCE ON INCOMES DETERIORATION IN GOVERNANCE DIAGNOSTIC SURVEYS DIMENSIONS OF GOVERNANCE DIRECTIONS BETWEEN GOVERNANCE DISTRIBUTION OF GOVERNANCE DISTRIBUTION OF GOVERNANCE ESTIMATES DISTURBANCE TERM ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT EFFECT OF GOVERNANCE EFFECTS OF CORRUPTION EFFECTS OF GOVERNANCE EFFECTS OF GOVERNANCE ON GROWTH EFFECTS OF GOVERNANCE ON INCOMES EFFECTS OF INCOME ON GOVERNANCE ENFORCEABILITY EXCHANGE OF IDEAS FAILURE OF GOVERNANCE FEEDBACK FROM INCOMES TO GOVERNANCE FINAL SET OF GOVERNANCE ESTIMATES FOREIGN INVESTORS FOREIGN TRADE FORMAL INSTITUTIONS GOOD GOVERNANCE GOOD INSTITUTIONS GOOD POLICIES GOVERNANCE ABSENCE GOVERNANCE CLUSTER GOVERNANCE CLUSTERS GOVERNANCE DATA GOVERNANCE DATABASE GOVERNANCE DIAGNOSTIC GOVERNANCE ESTIMATE GOVERNANCE ESTIMATES GOVERNANCE INDICATOR GOVERNANCE OUTCOMES GOVERNANCE PERCEPTIONS GOVERNANCE PERFORMANCE GOVERNANCE PERFORMANCE OF COUNTRIES GOVERNANCE RATING GOVERNANCE SCALE GOVERNMENT EFFECTIVENESS GRAFT GRAND CORRUPTION IMPROVEMENTS IN GOVERNANCE INCIDENCE OF MARKET-UNFRIENDLY POLICIES INCOME LEVELS INSTITUTIONAL QUALITY INSTITUTIONAL QUALITY RELATIVE INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS JUDICIARY LAW INDICATOR LEGISLATION LEVELS OF GOVERNANCE MEASURE OF GOVERNANCE MEASUREMENT ERROR MEASUREMENT ERROR IN GOVERNANCE MEASURES PERCEPTIONS OF CORRUPTION MEASURING GOVERNANCE MEDIA MISGOVERNANCE NATIONS NEGATIVE FEEDBACK FROM INCOMES TO GOVERNANCE NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS NOTIONS OF GOVERNANCE OBSERVABLE PROXY FOR GOVERNANCE PER CAPITA INCOME PER CAPITA INCOMES POLICY RESEARCH POLITICAL ACCOUNTABILITY POLITICAL ECONOMIC RISK POLITICAL RIGHTS POLITICAL RISK POLITICAL STABILITY PRESENCE OF CORRUPTION PRIORITIES PUBLIC GOODS PUBLIC OFFICIAL PUBLIC POLICY PUBLIC POWER PUBLIC SERVICE PUBLIC SERVICE PROVISION PURCHASING POWER PURCHASING POWER PARITY QUALITY OF GOVERNANCE QUALITY OF GOVERNANCE ACROSS COUNTRIES QUALITY OF PUBLIC REGIONAL DIFFERENCES IN GOVERNANCE REGULATORY QUALITY REVERSE CAUSATION RISK RATING AGENCIES RULE OF LAW SET OF AGGREGATE GOVERNANCE INDICATORS SET OF GOVERNANCE INDICATORS SET OF GOVERNANCE MEASURES SET OF WORLDWIDE GOVERNANCE INDICATORS SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS SOCIAL INTERACTIONS SOURCES OF UNCERTAINTY SUBJECTIVE GOVERNANCE DATA SUBJECTIVE INDICATORS SUBJECTIVE PERCEPTIONS TRANSITION ECONOMIES UNOBSERVED COMMON COMPONENT OF GOVERNANCE UNOBSERVED COMPONENTS MODEL UNOBSERVED GOVERNANCE It is well known that there is a strong positive correlation between per capita incomes and the quality of governance across countries. the authors propose an empirical strategy that allows separation of this correlation into (1) a strong positive causal effect running from better governance to higher per capita incomes, and, perhaps surprisingly at first, (2) a weak and even negative causal effect running in the opposite direction from per capita incomes to governance. The first result confirms existing evidence on the importance of good governance for economic development. The second result is new and suggests the absence of a "virtuous circle" in which higher incomes lead to further improvements in governance. This motivates the authors' choice of title, "Growth Without Governance." They document this evidence using a newly updated set of worldwide governance-indicators covering 175 countries for the period 2000-01, and use the results to interpret the relationship between incomes and governance focusing on the Latin America and Caribbean region-within a worldwide empirical context. Finally, the authors speculate about the potential importance of elite influence and state capture in accounting for the surprising negative effects of per capita incomes on governance, present some evidence on such capture in some Latin American countries, and suggest priorities for actions to improve governance when such pernicious elite influence shapes public policy. 2014-08-01T18:35:10Z 2014-08-01T18:35:10Z 2002-11 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2002/11/2075846/growth-without-governance http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19206 English en_US Policy Research Working Paper;No. 2928 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research