Greed and Grievance in Civil War
The authors compare two contrasting motivations for rebellion: greed and grievance. Most rebellions are ostensibly in pursuit of a cause, supported by a narrative of grievance. But since grievance assuagement through rebellion is a public good that...
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| Format: | Policy Research Working Paper |
| Language: | English en_US |
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World Bank, Washington, DC
2014
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2000/05/437634/greed-grievance-civil-war http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18853 |
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okr-10986-188532021-04-23T14:03:46Z Greed and Grievance in Civil War Collier, Paul Hoeffler, Anke ARMIES ARMS ARMS RACE BOUNDARIES CAUSE OF CONFLICT CAUSES OF CONFLICT CIVIL CONFLICT CIVIL WAR CIVIL WARS COLD WAR COMBAT CONFLICT RISK CONFLICTS COSTS OF REBELLION COUNTER-INSURGENCY CRIME DEFENSE DIASPORA DIASPORA LIVING DIASPORA ORGANIZATIONS DIASPORAS DRUG ADDICTS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC INEQUALITY ECONOMIC THEORY OF REBELLION ETHNIC COMPOSITION ETHNIC DOMINANCE ETHNIC GROUP ETHNIC GROUPS ETHNIC HATRED ETHNIC MAJORITY ETHNICALLY DIVERSE SOCIETIES EXTORTION FOREIGN BORN POPULATION FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS GEOGRAPHIC DISPERSION GOVERNMENT ARMY GREED-GRIEVANCE GREED-REBELLION GRIEVANCE MODEL GRIEVANCE MODELS GROUP HATRED HIGH INEQUALITY HOMOGENOUS SOCIETIES INCOME INCOME-EARNING OPPORTUNITIES INSURRECTIONS INTERNAL CONFLICT INTERNAL REBELLION INTERNATIONAL CONFLICT LINGUISTIC FRACTIONALIZATION LINGUISTIC FRACTIONALIZATION INDEX MILITARY ADVANTAGE MILITARY FORCES MILITARY HISTORY MILITARY OPPOSITION MODEL OF CONFLICT OBJECTIVE GRIEVANCE OBJECTIVE GRIEVANCES PEACE PEACE RESEARCH POLITICAL ALLEGIANCE POLITICAL ANALYSIS POLITICAL CONTEST POLITICAL REPRESSION POLITICAL RIGHTS POOR POST- CONFLICT POST-CONFLICT PREDATORY REBELLION PROTEST MOVEMENT PROTEST MOVEMENTS REBEL COHESION REBEL FORCES REBEL GROUP REBEL GROUPS REBEL LEADER REBEL MILITARY ADVANTAGE REBEL MOVEMENT REBEL MOVEMENTS REBEL ORGANIZATION REBEL ORGANIZATIONS REBEL RECRUITMENT REBELLIONS RELIGIOUS FRACTIONALIZATION RELIGIOUS HATREDS RISK OF CONFLICT RISK OF REBELLION RISKS OF CONFLICT RISKS OF CONFLICT RENEWAL SOCIAL FRACTIONALIZATION STOCKHOLM INTERNATIONAL PEACE RESEARCH INSTITUTE TAXATION The authors compare two contrasting motivations for rebellion: greed and grievance. Most rebellions are ostensibly in pursuit of a cause, supported by a narrative of grievance. But since grievance assuagement through rebellion is a public good that a government will not supply, economists predict such rebellions would be rare. Empirically, many rebellions appear to be linked to the capture of resources (such as diamonds in Angola, and Sierra Leone, drugs in Colombia, and timber in Cambodia). The authors set up a simple rational choice model of greed-rebellion, and contrasts its predictions with those of a simple grievance model. Some countries return to conflict repeatedly. Are they conflict-prone, or is there a feedback effect whereby conflict generates grievance, which in turn generates further conflict? The authors show why such a feedback effect might be present in both greed-motivated and grievance rebellions. The authors' results contrast with conventional beliefs, about the causes of conflict. A stylized version of conventional beliefs would be that grievance begets conflict, which begets grievance, which begets further conflict. With such a model, the only point at which to intervene is to reduce the level of objective grievance. The authors' model suggests that what actually happens is that opportunities for predation (controlling primary commodity exports) cause conflict, and the grievances this generates induce diasporas to finance further conflict. The point of policy intervention here is to reduce the absolute, and relative attraction of primary commodity predation, and to reduce the ability of diasporas to fund rebel movements. 2014-06-30T19:20:36Z 2014-06-30T19:20:36Z 2000-05 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2000/05/437634/greed-grievance-civil-war http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18853 English en_US Policy Research Working Paper;No. 2355 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
ARMIES ARMS ARMS RACE BOUNDARIES CAUSE OF CONFLICT CAUSES OF CONFLICT CIVIL CONFLICT CIVIL WAR CIVIL WARS COLD WAR COMBAT CONFLICT RISK CONFLICTS COSTS OF REBELLION COUNTER-INSURGENCY CRIME DEFENSE DIASPORA DIASPORA LIVING DIASPORA ORGANIZATIONS DIASPORAS DRUG ADDICTS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC INEQUALITY ECONOMIC THEORY OF REBELLION ETHNIC COMPOSITION ETHNIC DOMINANCE ETHNIC GROUP ETHNIC GROUPS ETHNIC HATRED ETHNIC MAJORITY ETHNICALLY DIVERSE SOCIETIES EXTORTION FOREIGN BORN POPULATION FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS GEOGRAPHIC DISPERSION GOVERNMENT ARMY GREED-GRIEVANCE GREED-REBELLION GRIEVANCE MODEL GRIEVANCE MODELS GROUP HATRED HIGH INEQUALITY HOMOGENOUS SOCIETIES INCOME INCOME-EARNING OPPORTUNITIES INSURRECTIONS INTERNAL CONFLICT INTERNAL REBELLION INTERNATIONAL CONFLICT LINGUISTIC FRACTIONALIZATION LINGUISTIC FRACTIONALIZATION INDEX MILITARY ADVANTAGE MILITARY FORCES MILITARY HISTORY MILITARY OPPOSITION MODEL OF CONFLICT OBJECTIVE GRIEVANCE OBJECTIVE GRIEVANCES PEACE PEACE RESEARCH POLITICAL ALLEGIANCE POLITICAL ANALYSIS POLITICAL CONTEST POLITICAL REPRESSION POLITICAL RIGHTS POOR POST- CONFLICT POST-CONFLICT PREDATORY REBELLION PROTEST MOVEMENT PROTEST MOVEMENTS REBEL COHESION REBEL FORCES REBEL GROUP REBEL GROUPS REBEL LEADER REBEL MILITARY ADVANTAGE REBEL MOVEMENT REBEL MOVEMENTS REBEL ORGANIZATION REBEL ORGANIZATIONS REBEL RECRUITMENT REBELLIONS RELIGIOUS FRACTIONALIZATION RELIGIOUS HATREDS RISK OF CONFLICT RISK OF REBELLION RISKS OF CONFLICT RISKS OF CONFLICT RENEWAL SOCIAL FRACTIONALIZATION STOCKHOLM INTERNATIONAL PEACE RESEARCH INSTITUTE TAXATION |
| spellingShingle |
ARMIES ARMS ARMS RACE BOUNDARIES CAUSE OF CONFLICT CAUSES OF CONFLICT CIVIL CONFLICT CIVIL WAR CIVIL WARS COLD WAR COMBAT CONFLICT RISK CONFLICTS COSTS OF REBELLION COUNTER-INSURGENCY CRIME DEFENSE DIASPORA DIASPORA LIVING DIASPORA ORGANIZATIONS DIASPORAS DRUG ADDICTS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC INEQUALITY ECONOMIC THEORY OF REBELLION ETHNIC COMPOSITION ETHNIC DOMINANCE ETHNIC GROUP ETHNIC GROUPS ETHNIC HATRED ETHNIC MAJORITY ETHNICALLY DIVERSE SOCIETIES EXTORTION FOREIGN BORN POPULATION FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS GEOGRAPHIC DISPERSION GOVERNMENT ARMY GREED-GRIEVANCE GREED-REBELLION GRIEVANCE MODEL GRIEVANCE MODELS GROUP HATRED HIGH INEQUALITY HOMOGENOUS SOCIETIES INCOME INCOME-EARNING OPPORTUNITIES INSURRECTIONS INTERNAL CONFLICT INTERNAL REBELLION INTERNATIONAL CONFLICT LINGUISTIC FRACTIONALIZATION LINGUISTIC FRACTIONALIZATION INDEX MILITARY ADVANTAGE MILITARY FORCES MILITARY HISTORY MILITARY OPPOSITION MODEL OF CONFLICT OBJECTIVE GRIEVANCE OBJECTIVE GRIEVANCES PEACE PEACE RESEARCH POLITICAL ALLEGIANCE POLITICAL ANALYSIS POLITICAL CONTEST POLITICAL REPRESSION POLITICAL RIGHTS POOR POST- CONFLICT POST-CONFLICT PREDATORY REBELLION PROTEST MOVEMENT PROTEST MOVEMENTS REBEL COHESION REBEL FORCES REBEL GROUP REBEL GROUPS REBEL LEADER REBEL MILITARY ADVANTAGE REBEL MOVEMENT REBEL MOVEMENTS REBEL ORGANIZATION REBEL ORGANIZATIONS REBEL RECRUITMENT REBELLIONS RELIGIOUS FRACTIONALIZATION RELIGIOUS HATREDS RISK OF CONFLICT RISK OF REBELLION RISKS OF CONFLICT RISKS OF CONFLICT RENEWAL SOCIAL FRACTIONALIZATION STOCKHOLM INTERNATIONAL PEACE RESEARCH INSTITUTE TAXATION Collier, Paul Hoeffler, Anke Greed and Grievance in Civil War |
| relation |
Policy Research Working Paper;No. 2355 |
| description |
The authors compare two contrasting
motivations for rebellion: greed and grievance. Most
rebellions are ostensibly in pursuit of a cause, supported
by a narrative of grievance. But since grievance assuagement
through rebellion is a public good that a government will
not supply, economists predict such rebellions would be
rare. Empirically, many rebellions appear to be linked to
the capture of resources (such as diamonds in Angola, and
Sierra Leone, drugs in Colombia, and timber in Cambodia).
The authors set up a simple rational choice model of
greed-rebellion, and contrasts its predictions with those of
a simple grievance model. Some countries return to conflict
repeatedly. Are they conflict-prone, or is there a feedback
effect whereby conflict generates grievance, which in turn
generates further conflict? The authors show why such a
feedback effect might be present in both greed-motivated and
grievance rebellions. The authors' results contrast
with conventional beliefs, about the causes of conflict. A
stylized version of conventional beliefs would be that
grievance begets conflict, which begets grievance, which
begets further conflict. With such a model, the only point
at which to intervene is to reduce the level of objective
grievance. The authors' model suggests that what
actually happens is that opportunities for predation
(controlling primary commodity exports) cause conflict, and
the grievances this generates induce diasporas to finance
further conflict. The point of policy intervention here is
to reduce the absolute, and relative attraction of primary
commodity predation, and to reduce the ability of diasporas
to fund rebel movements. |
| format |
Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper |
| author |
Collier, Paul Hoeffler, Anke |
| author_facet |
Collier, Paul Hoeffler, Anke |
| author_sort |
Collier, Paul |
| title |
Greed and Grievance in Civil War |
| title_short |
Greed and Grievance in Civil War |
| title_full |
Greed and Grievance in Civil War |
| title_fullStr |
Greed and Grievance in Civil War |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Greed and Grievance in Civil War |
| title_sort |
greed and grievance in civil war |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2014 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2000/05/437634/greed-grievance-civil-war http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18853 |
| _version_ |
1764441634738536448 |