Well-being from Work in the Pacific Island Countries

In the Pacific island countries, which are small and far from world markets, labor mobility represents the most significant and substantial opportunity for overcoming geographic constraints on employment. This report presents a brief overview of em...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	World Bank
Format:	Working Paper
Language:	English en_US
Published:	Washington, DC 2014
Subjects:	ACCESS TO EMPLOYMENT ACCOUNTING AGE YOUTH AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION BARRIERS TO WOMEN BASIC NEEDS CENSUSES CITIZENS CITIZENSHIP CREATING OPPORTUNITIES DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS DEPENDENT CHILDREN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE DEVELOPMENT EXPENDITURE DEVELOPMENT POLICIES DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES DISPLACEMENT DRIVERS DRUGS EARNING EARTHQUAKE ECONOMIC BENEFITS ECONOMIC CHANGES ECONOMIC COSTS ECONOMIC FREEDOM ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC INTEGRATION ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES ELDERLY EMPLOYMENT CREATION EMPLOYMENT GENERATION EMPLOYMENT GROWTH EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES EMPLOYMENT PATTERNS EMPLOYMENT STRATEGIES EQUITABLE ACCESS EXPORT MARKETS EXTERNALITIES FACTOR MARKETS FAMILIES WITH MEMBERS FAMILY MEMBERS FAMILY STRUCTURES FERTILITY FERTILITY RATES FOOD INSECURITY GENDER BALANCE GENDER DIFFERENCES GENDER DISPARITIES GOVERNMENT AGENCIES GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD WORK HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUMAN SETTLEMENTS IMMIGRANT IMMIGRANTS IMMIGRATION IMMIGRATION POLICIES INCOME INEQUALITY INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT INFORMAL SECTOR INNOVATIONS INTERNATIONAL ASSISTANCE INTERNATIONAL MOBILITY JOB OPPORTUNITIES JOBS LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET POLICIES LABOR MARKET REGULATION LABOR MARKETS LABOR MOBILITY LABOR PRODUCTIVITY LABOR REGULATION LABOR REGULATIONS LABOR SHORTAGES LABOR SUPPLY LABOUR LACK OF KNOWLEDGE LAND OWNERSHIP LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY LARGE POPULATIONS LEGAL PROTECTION LEVELS OF EDUCATION LIMITED PROSPECTS LIVING STANDARDS LOCAL ECONOMY LONG-TERM MIGRANTS LOWER FERTILITY MALE WORKERS MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS MASS MEDIA MIGRANT MIGRANT WORKERS MIGRANT-SENDING COUNTRIES MIGRANTS MINIMUM WAGES MUNICIPAL AUTHORITIES NATIONAL BOUNDARIES NATURAL RESOURCE NATURAL RESOURCES NUMBER OF PEOPLE NUMBER OF WORKERS OCCUPATIONS OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN PACE OF URBANIZATION PEACEKEEPING PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT POLICY DISCUSSIONS POLICY MAKERS POPULATION CONCENTRATION POPULATION GROWTH POPULATION PRESSURES POPULATION SIZE PRIMARY SOURCE PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE SECTOR ACTIVITY PRODUCTION FACILITIES PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES PRODUCTIVE WORK PRODUCTIVITY GAINS PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENTS PROVIDENT FUNDS PROVISION OF SERVICES PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYEES PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT PUBLIC SECTOR JOB PUBLIC SECTOR JOBS PUBLIC SECTOR WORKERS PUBLIC SERVICE PUBLIC SERVICE EMPLOYMENT PUBLIC SERVICES QUALITY OF SERVICES RAPID POPULATION GROWTH RATES OF GROWTH REAL WAGE REGULATORY BARRIERS REMITTANCE REMITTANCES RENTS RESPECT RETURN MIGRATION RURAL AREAS RURAL DEVELOPMENT RURAL POPULATION RURAL POPULATION GROWTH RURAL POPULATIONS RURAL PRODUCERS SAFETY NET SANITATION SCHOOL ATTENDANCE SEASONAL LABOR SEASONAL WORKERS SERVANTS SERVICE DELIVERY SERVICE INDUSTRIES SERVICE INDUSTRY SERVICE QUALITY SERVICE SECTORS SEXUAL EXPLOITATION SHARE OF WORK SLOWER POPULATION GROWTH SMALL BUSINESSES SMALL COUNTRIES SOCIAL COHESION SOCIAL MOBILITY SOCIAL PROBLEMS SOCIAL SERVICES SOCIAL WELFARE SPOUSES STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISE SUBSISTENCE FARMING SUBSTANCE ABUSE SUPPLY CHAINS SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC GROWTH TEMPORARY WORK TEMPORARY WORKER TERTIARY EDUCATION TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY TRAINING OPPORTUNITIES UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATES UNSKILLED LABOR URBAN AREAS URBAN CENTER URBAN CENTERS URBAN DEVELOPMENT URBAN EMPLOYMENT URBAN MIGRATION URBAN POPULATION URBAN POPULATIONS URBANIZATION USE OF RESOURCES WOMEN MIGRANTS WORKER WORKFORCE WORKING-AGE POPULATION YOUNG PEOPLE YOUNG POPULATIONS YOUNG WORKERS YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/01/19485962/well-being-work-pacific-island-countries http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18642

Description
Summary:	In the Pacific island countries, which are small and far from world markets, labor mobility represents the most significant and substantial opportunity for overcoming geographic constraints on employment. This report presents a brief overview of employment challenges in small Pacific island countries and recommendations for addressing them. The report contributes to an ongoing World Bank analytical program examining the linkages between employment and well-being around the world, begun with the World Development Report 2013: jobs. Discussion in this report relates to Pacific island states, with populations of significantly less than one million, including Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, Samoa, Tonga, Tuvalu, Kiribati, Republic of Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, and Palau. Economic growth and diversification has been very limited in these countries because of the barriers imposed by smallness and distance, and these barriers will not be quickly overcome. This report provides five priorities that are likely to be broadly applicable to the unique group of countries. First, stakeholders' expectations about the trajectory of development will need to be realistic. Second, the volume of international labor mobility should be increased through the erosion of regulatory barriers and investment in transferable human capital. Third, governments can work to harness the positive potential of urbanization through investment in improved rural services, connective infrastructure, and improved urban administration. Fourth, productive public spending can be used as a mechanism for creating new employment opportunities. Finally, policies can ensure that natural resource industries provide a sustainable source of employment creation.

Well-being from Work in the Pacific Island Countries

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