Environmental Costs of Fossil Fuels : A Rapid Assessment Method with Application to Six Cities
Among the key external effects of fossil fuel contribution are urban air pollution, and changes in global climate. A study of six cities in developing countries, and transition economies estimates the magnitude of these effects, and, examines how v...
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| Format: | Working Paper |
| Language: | English en_US |
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World Bank, Washington, DC
2014
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2000/10/1977243/environmental-costs-fossil-fuels-rapid-assessment-method-application-six-cities http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18303 |
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okr-10986-18303 |
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| recordtype |
oai_dc |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS FOSSIL FUELS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOSSIL FUEL COMBUSTION WASTES URBAN AIR POLLUTION CLIMATIC CHANGE CASE STUDIES HEALTH HAZARDS POLLUTION SOURCES COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS POLLUTION ABATEMENT SECTORAL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT HUMAN HEALTH VEHICLE EMISSIONS HOUSEHOLD ENERGY CONSUMPTION STOVES INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION POWER PLANT FUEL CONSUMPTION CARBON DIOXIDE ABSORPTION GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY FRAMEWORK ANALYTICAL METHODS ABATEMENT MEASURES ABATEMENT STRATEGIES ACID RAIN ACIDITY ACUTE MORBIDITY ADVERSE EFFECTS ADVERSE ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS AIR POLLUTANTS AIR POLLUTION AIR QUALITY AMBIENT AIR AMBIENT AIR POLLUTION AMBIENT AIR QUALITY AMBIENT CONCENTRATIONS AMBIENT POLLUTION ASH ATMOSPHERIC DISPERSION AUTOMOTIVE DIESEL BENEFIT ANALYSIS BURNING COAL CARBON CARBON DIOXIDE CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS CARBON EMISSIONS CATASTROPHIC EVENTS CHRONIC BRONCHITIS CLEANER ENERGY CLEANER FUELS CLIMATE CLIMATE CHANGE CLIMATIC CONDITIONS CO2 COAL CONCENTRATIONS CONSUMPTION OF FOSSIL CORROSION DIESEL ECOSYSTEM ELECTRICITY EMISSIONS ENERGY CONSUMPTION ENERGY USE ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGES ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY EXTERNALITIES FINE PARTICULATES FOSSIL FUEL FOSSIL FUEL USE FOSSIL FUELS FUEL FUEL BURNING FUEL COMBUSTION FUEL CONSUMPTION FUEL MIX FUEL OIL FUEL QUALITY FUEL SWITCHING FUEL TAXATION FUEL USE FUEL WOOD FURNACES GAS GAS OIL GASOLINE GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT GREENHOUSE GREENHOUSE GASES HEALTH PROBLEMS HEAVY FUEL OIL HUMAN HEALTH INCOME INCOME LEVELS INDUSTRIAL BOILERS INTERNATIONAL COMPARISONS LAKES LIFE EXPECTANCY METEOROLOGICAL DATA MORTALITY NITROGEN NITROGEN OXIDES NOX OIL OILS PARTICLES PETROLEUM PRODUCTS PM10 POLICY INSTRUMENTS POLLUTANTS POLLUTION POLLUTION ABATEMENT POWER GENERATION POWER PLANTS RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS RESTRICTED ACTIVITY DAYS SO2 SOCIAL COSTS SULFUR SULFUR DIOXIDE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TAXATION TRAFFIC TRANSPORT FUELS UNEP URBAN AIR POLLUTION URBAN AREAS VEHICLE VEHICLES WAGES WILLINGNESS TO PAY WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION WTP |
| spellingShingle |
ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS FOSSIL FUELS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOSSIL FUEL COMBUSTION WASTES URBAN AIR POLLUTION CLIMATIC CHANGE CASE STUDIES HEALTH HAZARDS POLLUTION SOURCES COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS POLLUTION ABATEMENT SECTORAL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT HUMAN HEALTH VEHICLE EMISSIONS HOUSEHOLD ENERGY CONSUMPTION STOVES INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION POWER PLANT FUEL CONSUMPTION CARBON DIOXIDE ABSORPTION GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY FRAMEWORK ANALYTICAL METHODS ABATEMENT MEASURES ABATEMENT STRATEGIES ACID RAIN ACIDITY ACUTE MORBIDITY ADVERSE EFFECTS ADVERSE ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS AIR POLLUTANTS AIR POLLUTION AIR QUALITY AMBIENT AIR AMBIENT AIR POLLUTION AMBIENT AIR QUALITY AMBIENT CONCENTRATIONS AMBIENT POLLUTION ASH ATMOSPHERIC DISPERSION AUTOMOTIVE DIESEL BENEFIT ANALYSIS BURNING COAL CARBON CARBON DIOXIDE CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS CARBON EMISSIONS CATASTROPHIC EVENTS CHRONIC BRONCHITIS CLEANER ENERGY CLEANER FUELS CLIMATE CLIMATE CHANGE CLIMATIC CONDITIONS CO2 COAL CONCENTRATIONS CONSUMPTION OF FOSSIL CORROSION DIESEL ECOSYSTEM ELECTRICITY EMISSIONS ENERGY CONSUMPTION ENERGY USE ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGES ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY EXTERNALITIES FINE PARTICULATES FOSSIL FUEL FOSSIL FUEL USE FOSSIL FUELS FUEL FUEL BURNING FUEL COMBUSTION FUEL CONSUMPTION FUEL MIX FUEL OIL FUEL QUALITY FUEL SWITCHING FUEL TAXATION FUEL USE FUEL WOOD FURNACES GAS GAS OIL GASOLINE GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT GREENHOUSE GREENHOUSE GASES HEALTH PROBLEMS HEAVY FUEL OIL HUMAN HEALTH INCOME INCOME LEVELS INDUSTRIAL BOILERS INTERNATIONAL COMPARISONS LAKES LIFE EXPECTANCY METEOROLOGICAL DATA MORTALITY NITROGEN NITROGEN OXIDES NOX OIL OILS PARTICLES PETROLEUM PRODUCTS PM10 POLICY INSTRUMENTS POLLUTANTS POLLUTION POLLUTION ABATEMENT POWER GENERATION POWER PLANTS RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS RESTRICTED ACTIVITY DAYS SO2 SOCIAL COSTS SULFUR SULFUR DIOXIDE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TAXATION TRAFFIC TRANSPORT FUELS UNEP URBAN AIR POLLUTION URBAN AREAS VEHICLE VEHICLES WAGES WILLINGNESS TO PAY WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION WTP Lvovsky, Kseniya Hughes, Gordon Maddison, David Ostro, Bart Pearce, David Environmental Costs of Fossil Fuels : A Rapid Assessment Method with Application to Six Cities |
| geographic_facet |
East Asia and Pacific Europe and Central Asia Latin America & Caribbean South Asia |
| relation |
Environment Department papers;no. 78.
Pollution Management series. |
| description |
Among the key external effects of fossil
fuel contribution are urban air pollution, and changes in
global climate. A study of six cities in developing
countries, and transition economies estimates the magnitude
of these effects, and, examines how various fuels, and
pollution sources contribute to health damages, and other
environmental costs. The study develops a simple, but robust
method for rapid assessment of these damages. By linking the
damage to a particular fuel use, or pollution source, the
method makes possible cost-benefit analysis of pollution
abatement measures. The findings show very high levels of
environmental damage, and reveal large sectoral differences.
By far the greatest share of the total damage, is that to
human health, from exposure to ambient particulates, caused
mainly by small pollution sources, such as vehicles, and
household stoves. Large industries, and power plants account
for a smaller proportion of health damage, but are the major
contributors to carbon dioxide emissions, which have an
impact on global climate. The complex relationships between
pollution sources, and environmental effects, highlight the
need for a skillful mix of policy instruments, built on
rigorous analysis. The damage assessment method proposed
herein, provides a useful analytical tool, to be easily
applied to other urban areas. |
| format |
Publications & Research :: Working Paper |
| author |
Lvovsky, Kseniya Hughes, Gordon Maddison, David Ostro, Bart Pearce, David |
| author_facet |
Lvovsky, Kseniya Hughes, Gordon Maddison, David Ostro, Bart Pearce, David |
| author_sort |
Lvovsky, Kseniya |
| title |
Environmental Costs of Fossil Fuels : A Rapid Assessment Method with Application to Six Cities |
| title_short |
Environmental Costs of Fossil Fuels : A Rapid Assessment Method with Application to Six Cities |
| title_full |
Environmental Costs of Fossil Fuels : A Rapid Assessment Method with Application to Six Cities |
| title_fullStr |
Environmental Costs of Fossil Fuels : A Rapid Assessment Method with Application to Six Cities |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Environmental Costs of Fossil Fuels : A Rapid Assessment Method with Application to Six Cities |
| title_sort |
environmental costs of fossil fuels : a rapid assessment method with application to six cities |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2014 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2000/10/1977243/environmental-costs-fossil-fuels-rapid-assessment-method-application-six-cities http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18303 |
| _version_ |
1764435810901295104 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-183032021-04-23T14:03:34Z Environmental Costs of Fossil Fuels : A Rapid Assessment Method with Application to Six Cities Lvovsky, Kseniya Hughes, Gordon Maddison, David Ostro, Bart Pearce, David ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS FOSSIL FUELS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOSSIL FUEL COMBUSTION WASTES URBAN AIR POLLUTION CLIMATIC CHANGE CASE STUDIES HEALTH HAZARDS POLLUTION SOURCES COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS POLLUTION ABATEMENT SECTORAL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT HUMAN HEALTH VEHICLE EMISSIONS HOUSEHOLD ENERGY CONSUMPTION STOVES INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION POWER PLANT FUEL CONSUMPTION CARBON DIOXIDE ABSORPTION GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY FRAMEWORK ANALYTICAL METHODS ABATEMENT MEASURES ABATEMENT STRATEGIES ACID RAIN ACIDITY ACUTE MORBIDITY ADVERSE EFFECTS ADVERSE ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS AIR POLLUTANTS AIR POLLUTION AIR QUALITY AMBIENT AIR AMBIENT AIR POLLUTION AMBIENT AIR QUALITY AMBIENT CONCENTRATIONS AMBIENT POLLUTION ASH ATMOSPHERIC DISPERSION AUTOMOTIVE DIESEL BENEFIT ANALYSIS BURNING COAL CARBON CARBON DIOXIDE CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS CARBON EMISSIONS CATASTROPHIC EVENTS CHRONIC BRONCHITIS CLEANER ENERGY CLEANER FUELS CLIMATE CLIMATE CHANGE CLIMATIC CONDITIONS CO2 COAL CONCENTRATIONS CONSUMPTION OF FOSSIL CORROSION DIESEL ECOSYSTEM ELECTRICITY EMISSIONS ENERGY CONSUMPTION ENERGY USE ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGES ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY EXTERNALITIES FINE PARTICULATES FOSSIL FUEL FOSSIL FUEL USE FOSSIL FUELS FUEL FUEL BURNING FUEL COMBUSTION FUEL CONSUMPTION FUEL MIX FUEL OIL FUEL QUALITY FUEL SWITCHING FUEL TAXATION FUEL USE FUEL WOOD FURNACES GAS GAS OIL GASOLINE GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT GREENHOUSE GREENHOUSE GASES HEALTH PROBLEMS HEAVY FUEL OIL HUMAN HEALTH INCOME INCOME LEVELS INDUSTRIAL BOILERS INTERNATIONAL COMPARISONS LAKES LIFE EXPECTANCY METEOROLOGICAL DATA MORTALITY NITROGEN NITROGEN OXIDES NOX OIL OILS PARTICLES PETROLEUM PRODUCTS PM10 POLICY INSTRUMENTS POLLUTANTS POLLUTION POLLUTION ABATEMENT POWER GENERATION POWER PLANTS RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS RESTRICTED ACTIVITY DAYS SO2 SOCIAL COSTS SULFUR SULFUR DIOXIDE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TAXATION TRAFFIC TRANSPORT FUELS UNEP URBAN AIR POLLUTION URBAN AREAS VEHICLE VEHICLES WAGES WILLINGNESS TO PAY WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION WTP Among the key external effects of fossil fuel contribution are urban air pollution, and changes in global climate. A study of six cities in developing countries, and transition economies estimates the magnitude of these effects, and, examines how various fuels, and pollution sources contribute to health damages, and other environmental costs. The study develops a simple, but robust method for rapid assessment of these damages. By linking the damage to a particular fuel use, or pollution source, the method makes possible cost-benefit analysis of pollution abatement measures. The findings show very high levels of environmental damage, and reveal large sectoral differences. By far the greatest share of the total damage, is that to human health, from exposure to ambient particulates, caused mainly by small pollution sources, such as vehicles, and household stoves. Large industries, and power plants account for a smaller proportion of health damage, but are the major contributors to carbon dioxide emissions, which have an impact on global climate. The complex relationships between pollution sources, and environmental effects, highlight the need for a skillful mix of policy instruments, built on rigorous analysis. The damage assessment method proposed herein, provides a useful analytical tool, to be easily applied to other urban areas. 2014-05-14T18:33:55Z 2014-05-14T18:33:55Z 2000-10 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2000/10/1977243/environmental-costs-fossil-fuels-rapid-assessment-method-application-six-cities http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18303 English en_US Environment Department papers;no. 78. Pollution Management series. CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Working Paper Publications & Research East Asia and Pacific Europe and Central Asia Latin America & Caribbean South Asia |