The Effect of Poverty, Gender Exclusion, and Child Labor on Out-of-School Rates for Female Children

In this article, the authors analyze the effect of poverty, social exclusion, and child labor on out-of-school rates for female children. This empirical study is based on a dynamic panel model for a sample of 216 countries over the period 1970 to 2010. Results based on the generalized method of mome...

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Main Authors:	Laborda Castillo, Leopoldo, Salem, Daniel Sotelsek, Sarr, Leopold Remi
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	en_US
Published:	Taylor and Francis 2014
Subjects:	child labor poverty social exclusion out-of-school rates female enrollment
Online Access:	http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18093

id	okr-10986-18093
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	okr-10986-180932021-04-23T14:03:41Z The Effect of Poverty, Gender Exclusion, and Child Labor on Out-of-School Rates for Female Children Laborda Castillo, Leopoldo Salem, Daniel Sotelsek Sarr, Leopold Remi child labor poverty social exclusion out-of-school rates female enrollment In this article, the authors analyze the effect of poverty, social exclusion, and child labor on out-of-school rates for female children. This empirical study is based on a dynamic panel model for a sample of 216 countries over the period 1970 to 2010. Results based on the generalized method of moments (GMM) of Arellano and Bond (1991) and the tests of causality and zero autocorrelation to the panel data show a negative and significant relation between contributing family workers (female) and number of primary school-age children out of school (female) in Europe and Central Asia region. However, the authors cannot find empirical evidence between primary school-age children out of school rates (female) and the variables used to analyze the effect of poverty and social exclusion (poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line and total vulnerable employment). Moreover, the article identifies effects of other variables like proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments. In addition, this article examines geographic regions separately, with the anticipation that differentials in livelihood strategies and opportunities could be reflected in female child schooling decisions. 2014-04-28T18:17:29Z 2014-04-28T18:17:29Z 2014-03-26 Journal Article Journal of Research in Childhood Education 0256-8543 10.1080/02568543.2014.884028 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18093 en_US CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/igo World Bank Taylor and Francis Publications & Research :: Journal Article
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	en_US
topic	child labor poverty social exclusion out-of-school rates female enrollment
spellingShingle	child labor poverty social exclusion out-of-school rates female enrollment Laborda Castillo, Leopoldo Salem, Daniel Sotelsek Sarr, Leopold Remi The Effect of Poverty, Gender Exclusion, and Child Labor on Out-of-School Rates for Female Children
description	In this article, the authors analyze the effect of poverty, social exclusion, and child labor on out-of-school rates for female children. This empirical study is based on a dynamic panel model for a sample of 216 countries over the period 1970 to 2010. Results based on the generalized method of moments (GMM) of Arellano and Bond (1991) and the tests of causality and zero autocorrelation to the panel data show a negative and significant relation between contributing family workers (female) and number of primary school-age children out of school (female) in Europe and Central Asia region. However, the authors cannot find empirical evidence between primary school-age children out of school rates (female) and the variables used to analyze the effect of poverty and social exclusion (poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line and total vulnerable employment). Moreover, the article identifies effects of other variables like proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments. In addition, this article examines geographic regions separately, with the anticipation that differentials in livelihood strategies and opportunities could be reflected in female child schooling decisions.
format	Journal Article
author	Laborda Castillo, Leopoldo Salem, Daniel Sotelsek Sarr, Leopold Remi
author_facet	Laborda Castillo, Leopoldo Salem, Daniel Sotelsek Sarr, Leopold Remi
author_sort	Laborda Castillo, Leopoldo
title	The Effect of Poverty, Gender Exclusion, and Child Labor on Out-of-School Rates for Female Children
title_short	The Effect of Poverty, Gender Exclusion, and Child Labor on Out-of-School Rates for Female Children
title_full	The Effect of Poverty, Gender Exclusion, and Child Labor on Out-of-School Rates for Female Children
title_fullStr	The Effect of Poverty, Gender Exclusion, and Child Labor on Out-of-School Rates for Female Children
title_full_unstemmed	The Effect of Poverty, Gender Exclusion, and Child Labor on Out-of-School Rates for Female Children
title_sort	effect of poverty, gender exclusion, and child labor on out-of-school rates for female children
publisher	Taylor and Francis
publishDate	2014
url	http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18093
_version_	1764438856703148032

The Effect of Poverty, Gender Exclusion, and Child Labor on Out-of-School Rates for Female Children

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