Environmental Issues in the Power Sector : Long-Term Impacts and Policy Options for Karnataka
This study of the long-term environmental impacts and policy options for power sector development in Karnataka, is one of a series undertaken by the Bank, in cooperation with the Government of India and state governments. It is a follow-up to the b...
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| Format: | ESMAP Paper |
| Language: | English en_US |
| Published: |
Washington, DC
2014
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2004/10/6039568/environmental-issues-power-sector-long-term-impacts-policy-options-karnataka http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18083 |
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okr-10986-18083 |
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| recordtype |
oai_dc |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
ACID RAIN ADVERSE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AGGREGATE DEMAND AIR AIR EMISSIONS AIR POLLUTION ANNUAL CAPACITY FACTOR ASH AUDITS BAGASSE COGENERATION BASELINE EXPANSION PLAN BED COMBUSTION BIOGAS CARBON CLEAN DEVELOPMENT CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM CLIMATE CLIMATE CHANGE COAL COAL PRICES COAL WASHING COGENERATION COGENERATION PLANTS COLORS COST OF COAL CRUDE OIL DAMS DESULFURIZATION DIESEL DIESEL FUEL DIESEL OIL DISTRIBUTION COMPANY DIVIDENDS DOMESTIC COAL DROUGHT ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ELECTRICITY ELECTRICITY BOARDS ELECTRICITY DISTRIBUTION ELECTRICITY SUPPLY EMISSION EMISSION CALCULATION EMISSION STANDARDS EMISSIONS ENERGY SOURCES ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES ENVIRONMENTAL LITIGATION ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY EXCHANGE RATE FLUE GAS FOSSIL PLANTS FUEL FUEL PRICING FUELS GAS PIPELINE GAS PRICES GENERATION UNITS GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY GREENHOUSE GREENHOUSE GAS HEAT HEAT CONTENT HEATERS INCOME INSURANCE IPCC LNG LOAD CURVE MARGINAL COST MARKET LIBERALIZATION NATURAL GAS NUCLEAR POWER OIL OIL PRICES OPEC OPPORTUNITY COSTS PARTICULATE EMISSIONS PARTICULATE MATTER PER CAPITA INCOME POLLUTION POLLUTION CONTROL POWER DEVELOPMENT POWER GENERATION POWER PLANTS POWER PROJECTS POWER SECTOR POWER SYSTEMS POWER TRADING POWER TRANSMISSION POWER UTILITIES PRESENT VALUE PRICE ELASTICITIES PRODUCERS PURCHASING POWER RENEWABLE ENERGY RIVER BASINS SO2 SOX SULFUR SULFUR DIOXIDE SULFUR EMISSIONS SURFACE WATER SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT THERMAL POWER TRANSFER PAYMENTS VARIABLE COSTS VOLTAGE WASTE WASTE DISPOSAL WIND WIND GENERATION WIND POWER WORLD OIL |
| spellingShingle |
ACID RAIN ADVERSE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AGGREGATE DEMAND AIR AIR EMISSIONS AIR POLLUTION ANNUAL CAPACITY FACTOR ASH AUDITS BAGASSE COGENERATION BASELINE EXPANSION PLAN BED COMBUSTION BIOGAS CARBON CLEAN DEVELOPMENT CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM CLIMATE CLIMATE CHANGE COAL COAL PRICES COAL WASHING COGENERATION COGENERATION PLANTS COLORS COST OF COAL CRUDE OIL DAMS DESULFURIZATION DIESEL DIESEL FUEL DIESEL OIL DISTRIBUTION COMPANY DIVIDENDS DOMESTIC COAL DROUGHT ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ELECTRICITY ELECTRICITY BOARDS ELECTRICITY DISTRIBUTION ELECTRICITY SUPPLY EMISSION EMISSION CALCULATION EMISSION STANDARDS EMISSIONS ENERGY SOURCES ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES ENVIRONMENTAL LITIGATION ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY EXCHANGE RATE FLUE GAS FOSSIL PLANTS FUEL FUEL PRICING FUELS GAS PIPELINE GAS PRICES GENERATION UNITS GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY GREENHOUSE GREENHOUSE GAS HEAT HEAT CONTENT HEATERS INCOME INSURANCE IPCC LNG LOAD CURVE MARGINAL COST MARKET LIBERALIZATION NATURAL GAS NUCLEAR POWER OIL OIL PRICES OPEC OPPORTUNITY COSTS PARTICULATE EMISSIONS PARTICULATE MATTER PER CAPITA INCOME POLLUTION POLLUTION CONTROL POWER DEVELOPMENT POWER GENERATION POWER PLANTS POWER PROJECTS POWER SECTOR POWER SYSTEMS POWER TRADING POWER TRANSMISSION POWER UTILITIES PRESENT VALUE PRICE ELASTICITIES PRODUCERS PURCHASING POWER RENEWABLE ENERGY RIVER BASINS SO2 SOX SULFUR SULFUR DIOXIDE SULFUR EMISSIONS SURFACE WATER SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT THERMAL POWER TRANSFER PAYMENTS VARIABLE COSTS VOLTAGE WASTE WASTE DISPOSAL WIND WIND GENERATION WIND POWER WORLD OIL World Bank Environmental Issues in the Power Sector : Long-Term Impacts and Policy Options for Karnataka |
| geographic_facet |
South Asia India |
| relation |
Energy Sector Management Assistance Program
(ESMAP);no. ESM 293 |
| description |
This study of the long-term
environmental impacts and policy options for power sector
development in Karnataka, is one of a series undertaken by
the Bank, in cooperation with the Government of India and
state governments. It is a follow-up to the broader study
Environmental Issues in the Power Sector (EIPS) (ESMAP/World
Bank 1998), and the general methodology developed for EIPS,
is used for this analysis. The study begins by evaluating
the impacts of the baseline reform scenario, and then
perturbs this scenario for the options examined, including a
scenario of "stalled reform," to enable assessment
of the costs and benefits of reform. Because Karnataka has
already implemented significant reform measures, "no
reform" (as used in the original 1998 EIPS study) is
not a useful scenario. The critical insight of this study is
that the damage costs of emissions from grid-based fossil
plants are between one and two orders of magnitude smaller
than those of captive and self-generation units, emissions
from which are essentially uncontrolled, and occur in more
populated areas at, or near ground level. The report
addresses the coal-by-wire option, which would shift from
Karnataka to the producing states the environmental impacts
that are associated with coal generation. It may well be
that the producing states will as a result, have to impose
much higher coal royalties, and, it is also likely that
coal-producing areas would encounter water resource
constraints: while Karnataka is a drought-prone state for
which the opportunity costs of consumptive use are higher
than in the eastern states of Bihar and Orissa, it is
unclear if mine-mouth projects in those states could serve
the bulk of the power needs of both southern, and northern
India in the decade 2010-2020. The study highlights that
power sector reform is the single most important step that
may be taken to mitigate the environmental impacts of the
power sector, while tariff reform is the second most
important policy option for environmental sustainability,
with demand-side management being a win-win factor.
Consumptive water use for thermal generation is a major
issue in Karnataka. Gas combined-cycle combustion turbines,
which are attractive for their relatively low air emissions,
consume only one third of the water that a steam-cycle
project uses. The use of imported coal would be a viable
option for Karnataka, if the existing customs duty on
imported coal were to be removed. This study shows that the
probable capital cost decreases for wind power, would still
permit an acceptable rate of return for developers, but that
the pace of new projects may slow as only the best sites
will warrant development under the new tariff. |
| format |
Publications & Research :: ESMAP Paper |
| author |
World Bank |
| author_facet |
World Bank |
| author_sort |
World Bank |
| title |
Environmental Issues in the Power Sector : Long-Term Impacts and Policy Options for Karnataka |
| title_short |
Environmental Issues in the Power Sector : Long-Term Impacts and Policy Options for Karnataka |
| title_full |
Environmental Issues in the Power Sector : Long-Term Impacts and Policy Options for Karnataka |
| title_fullStr |
Environmental Issues in the Power Sector : Long-Term Impacts and Policy Options for Karnataka |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Environmental Issues in the Power Sector : Long-Term Impacts and Policy Options for Karnataka |
| title_sort |
environmental issues in the power sector : long-term impacts and policy options for karnataka |
| publisher |
Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2014 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2004/10/6039568/environmental-issues-power-sector-long-term-impacts-policy-options-karnataka http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18083 |
| _version_ |
1764437254122504192 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-180832021-04-23T14:03:38Z Environmental Issues in the Power Sector : Long-Term Impacts and Policy Options for Karnataka World Bank ACID RAIN ADVERSE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AGGREGATE DEMAND AIR AIR EMISSIONS AIR POLLUTION ANNUAL CAPACITY FACTOR ASH AUDITS BAGASSE COGENERATION BASELINE EXPANSION PLAN BED COMBUSTION BIOGAS CARBON CLEAN DEVELOPMENT CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM CLIMATE CLIMATE CHANGE COAL COAL PRICES COAL WASHING COGENERATION COGENERATION PLANTS COLORS COST OF COAL CRUDE OIL DAMS DESULFURIZATION DIESEL DIESEL FUEL DIESEL OIL DISTRIBUTION COMPANY DIVIDENDS DOMESTIC COAL DROUGHT ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ELECTRICITY ELECTRICITY BOARDS ELECTRICITY DISTRIBUTION ELECTRICITY SUPPLY EMISSION EMISSION CALCULATION EMISSION STANDARDS EMISSIONS ENERGY SOURCES ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES ENVIRONMENTAL LITIGATION ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY EXCHANGE RATE FLUE GAS FOSSIL PLANTS FUEL FUEL PRICING FUELS GAS PIPELINE GAS PRICES GENERATION UNITS GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY GREENHOUSE GREENHOUSE GAS HEAT HEAT CONTENT HEATERS INCOME INSURANCE IPCC LNG LOAD CURVE MARGINAL COST MARKET LIBERALIZATION NATURAL GAS NUCLEAR POWER OIL OIL PRICES OPEC OPPORTUNITY COSTS PARTICULATE EMISSIONS PARTICULATE MATTER PER CAPITA INCOME POLLUTION POLLUTION CONTROL POWER DEVELOPMENT POWER GENERATION POWER PLANTS POWER PROJECTS POWER SECTOR POWER SYSTEMS POWER TRADING POWER TRANSMISSION POWER UTILITIES PRESENT VALUE PRICE ELASTICITIES PRODUCERS PURCHASING POWER RENEWABLE ENERGY RIVER BASINS SO2 SOX SULFUR SULFUR DIOXIDE SULFUR EMISSIONS SURFACE WATER SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT THERMAL POWER TRANSFER PAYMENTS VARIABLE COSTS VOLTAGE WASTE WASTE DISPOSAL WIND WIND GENERATION WIND POWER WORLD OIL This study of the long-term environmental impacts and policy options for power sector development in Karnataka, is one of a series undertaken by the Bank, in cooperation with the Government of India and state governments. It is a follow-up to the broader study Environmental Issues in the Power Sector (EIPS) (ESMAP/World Bank 1998), and the general methodology developed for EIPS, is used for this analysis. The study begins by evaluating the impacts of the baseline reform scenario, and then perturbs this scenario for the options examined, including a scenario of "stalled reform," to enable assessment of the costs and benefits of reform. Because Karnataka has already implemented significant reform measures, "no reform" (as used in the original 1998 EIPS study) is not a useful scenario. The critical insight of this study is that the damage costs of emissions from grid-based fossil plants are between one and two orders of magnitude smaller than those of captive and self-generation units, emissions from which are essentially uncontrolled, and occur in more populated areas at, or near ground level. The report addresses the coal-by-wire option, which would shift from Karnataka to the producing states the environmental impacts that are associated with coal generation. It may well be that the producing states will as a result, have to impose much higher coal royalties, and, it is also likely that coal-producing areas would encounter water resource constraints: while Karnataka is a drought-prone state for which the opportunity costs of consumptive use are higher than in the eastern states of Bihar and Orissa, it is unclear if mine-mouth projects in those states could serve the bulk of the power needs of both southern, and northern India in the decade 2010-2020. The study highlights that power sector reform is the single most important step that may be taken to mitigate the environmental impacts of the power sector, while tariff reform is the second most important policy option for environmental sustainability, with demand-side management being a win-win factor. Consumptive water use for thermal generation is a major issue in Karnataka. Gas combined-cycle combustion turbines, which are attractive for their relatively low air emissions, consume only one third of the water that a steam-cycle project uses. The use of imported coal would be a viable option for Karnataka, if the existing customs duty on imported coal were to be removed. This study shows that the probable capital cost decreases for wind power, would still permit an acceptable rate of return for developers, but that the pace of new projects may slow as only the best sites will warrant development under the new tariff. 2014-04-25T21:03:02Z 2014-04-25T21:03:02Z 2004-10 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2004/10/6039568/environmental-issues-power-sector-long-term-impacts-policy-options-karnataka http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18083 English en_US Energy Sector Management Assistance Program (ESMAP);no. ESM 293 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ Washington, DC Publications & Research :: ESMAP Paper Publications & Research South Asia India |