Mapping and Situation Assessment of Key Populations at High Risk of HIV in Three Cities of Afghanistan

As yet, little is known about the HIV epidemic status and potential in Afghanistan. The country seems to be at an early epidemic phase with low HIV prevalence, but there are a number of underlying vulnerability factors that could lead to the condit...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	World Bank
Format:	Working Paper
Language:	English en_US
Published:	Washington, DC 2014
Subjects:	ADDICTION ADULT MEN AGED AIDS PROJECT ARMED CONFLICT AVERAGE AGE BEHAVIOURAL CORRELATES BEHAVIOURAL DATA BLOOD SAMPLES CAPACITY BUILDING CENTRAL ASIAN CIRCUMCISION CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS COMMERCIAL SEX COMMERCIAL SEX WORK COMMERCIAL SEX WORKER COMMUNICABLE DISEASE COMMUNITY OUTREACH CONDOM CONDOM USE CONDOMS CRIME CULTURAL BARRIERS DISEASE DISEASE SURVEILLANCE DISEASES DRUG TRAFFICKING DRUGS EPIDEMIC EPIDEMICS ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS EXERCISES FAMILIES FEMALE RESEARCHERS FEMALE SEX WORKERS FORMAL EDUCATION GENDER ROLES GOVERNMENT OFFICES HARM REDUCTION HEALTH CARE HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS HEALTH CARE SYSTEM HEALTH RESEARCH HEALTH SERVICES HEPATITIS HEPATITIS B HEPATITIS B VIRUS HEPATITIS C HIGH RISK ACTIVITIES HIGH RISK GROUPS HIGH-RISK HIGH-RISK BEHAVIOURS HIGH-RISK GROUPS HIGH-RISK POPULATIONS HIV HIV POSITIVE HIV TRANSMISSION HOMOSEXUAL ACTS HOSPITALS HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS ILLICIT DRUG USE ILLICIT DRUGS IMMUNODEFICIENCY INFECTION INFECTIOUS DISEASES INFORMED CONSENT INJECTING DRUG USE INJECTING DRUG USERS INJECTING DRUGS INJECTION DRUG INJECTION DRUG USE INJECTION EQUIPMENT INJECTION HISTORY INTERNATIONAL BORDERS INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION LARGE NUMBER OF PEOPLE LEGAL STATUS LEVELS OF CONDOM USE LEVELS OF EDUCATION MALE CIRCUMCISION MALE SEX MARITAL STATUS MEDICAL RESEARCH MEDICINE MIDWIVES MODERNIZATION NATIONAL AIDS NATIONAL AIDS CONTROL NATURAL DISASTERS NEEDLE SHARING NEEDLES NEVER USED CONDOM NUMBER OF REFUGEES OBSTETRIC CARE PATHOLOGY PATIENTS PERSONAL COMMUNICATION PHARMACEUTICALS PHARMACIES PHARMACISTS PHARMACY PHYSICIANS POPULATION GROUPS POPULATION SIZE PREGNANT WOMEN PREVALENCE PRIMARY SCHOOL PRISONS PROVINCIAL HOSPITAL PROVISION OF SERVICES PUBLIC HEALTH REFUGEES REHABILITATION RELIGIOUS LEADERS RETURNEES RISK BEHAVIOUR RISK FACTORS RISK GROUPS SCHOOLS SECONDARY SCHOOL SERVICE DELIVERY SERVICE PROVIDERS SEX PRACTICES SEX WITH MEN SEX WORKER SEX WORKERS SEXUAL BEHAVIOURS SEXUAL ENCOUNTERS SEXUAL EXPLOITATION SEXUAL NETWORKS SEXUAL PARTNERS SEXUAL RELATIONS SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE SOCIAL RESEARCH SOCIAL SCIENCES SOCIAL SERVICES SOCIAL UPHEAVAL STIS STRATEGIC PRIORITY SURVEILLANCE PROJECT SYPHILIS SYPHILIS TESTING SYRINGES TB TRAINING MANUAL TRANSMISSION TUBERCULOSIS URBAN AREAS VOLUNTARY COUNSELLING VULNERABILITY VULNERABLE GROUPS VULNERABLE POPULATIONS WAR WOMAN YOUNG AGE
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2008/04/9452047/mapping-situation-assessment-key-populations-high-risk-hiv-three-cities-afghanistan http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17938

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Summary:	As yet, little is known about the HIV epidemic status and potential in Afghanistan. The country seems to be at an early epidemic phase with low HIV prevalence, but there are a number of underlying vulnerability factors that could lead to the conditions for epidemic expansion, including drug trafficking, the post-conflict situation with displacement of populations, a fledgling health care system, and a low level of knowledge and awareness about HIV/AIDS. As in other parts of central and south Asia, the most important proximate determinants of the scale and distribution of an HIV epidemic in Afghanistan will be the size and characteristics of high risk networks involving injecting drug users (IDUs), female sex workers (FSWs) and men who have sex with men (MSM) who are at high risk. Assessments from elsewhere in central Asia indicate an explosive growth in injecting drug use and commercial sex work throughout the region, concurrent epidemics of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and economic and political migration. As yet, little information is known about the size, distribution, and characteristics of IDU and sex worker sub-populations in Afghanistan. Therefore, the World Bank (WB) agreed with the Ministry of Public Health (MOPH) to contract with the University of Manitoba (UM) to conduct an assessment of these three key, high risk populations in three cities of Afghanistan (Mazar-i-Sharif, Jalalabad, and Kabul).

Mapping and Situation Assessment of Key Populations at High Risk of HIV in Three Cities of Afghanistan

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