Yemen : Teachers
Yemen is a low-income country with a young and growing secondary education population; female students exhibit lower enrollment rates, and the teaching force is largely male, especially in leadership positions. In 2008, Yemen spent 5.2 percent of G...
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| Format: | Working Paper |
| Language: | English en_US |
| Published: |
Washington, DC
2014
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2010/01/18100601/yemen-teachers http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17932 |
| Summary: | Yemen is a low-income country with a
young and growing secondary education population; female
students exhibit lower enrollment rates, and the teaching
force is largely male, especially in leadership positions.
In 2008, Yemen spent 5.2 percent of Gross Domestic Product
(GDP) on public education. In the early years of the decade
(2001), Yemen was devoting 9.6 percent of GDP for public
education provision. In 2008, Yemen spent 16 percent of
total government expenditure on education. Yemen's
education system consists of basic education from grades 1
to 9 (ages 6-14/15) and secondary education from grades 10
to 12 (ages 14/15-18). Over the past 5 years, noteworthy
reforms in basic education have included the abolition of
school fees, improvements in annual work planning,
contracting of female teachers in remote parts of the
country, tying of teacher posts to the school rather than to
the individual, reductions in teacher absenteeism, and
capacity-building at all levels of education service
delivery. The majority of teachers is in the 30-to
39-year-old age bracket and is male, and leadership
positions are primarily filled by men. The Ministry of
Education (MoE) sets policies, and implementation is carried
out by the sub-national (Governorate) and local (District)
levels together with as local councils (Municipalities). All
teachers can join the two national teacher organizations.
Collective bargaining and strike action are legal, but
permission must first be sought to render a strike legal.
Teachers are offered few financial incentives or other
opportunities for public recognition to reward strong
performance. Performance-related pay and monetary bonuses
for strong performance by individual teachers or by schools
are not available. |
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