Engineers, Innovative Capacity and Development in the Americas
Using newly collected national and sub-national data, and historical case studies, this paper argues that differences in innovative capacity, captured by the density of engineers at the dawn of the Second Industrial Revolution, are important to exp...
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| Format: | Policy Research Working Paper |
| Language: | English en_US |
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World Bank, Washington, DC
2014
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/03/19292695/engineers-innovative-capacity-development-americas http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17725 |
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okr-10986-177252021-06-14T10:24:22Z Engineers, Innovative Capacity and Development in the Americas Maloney, William F. Valencia Caicedo, Felipe ACCESS TO EDUCATION ADOPTION OF TECHNOLOGIES APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY ARISTOCRACY ATTRIBUTES AVAILABILITY OF DATA BASIC BUSINESS SCHOOL CALCULATORS CAPABILITIES CAPITAL INVESTMENTS CITIES CIVIL ENGINEERING COLLEGES COLONIAL HERITAGE COMMERCE COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE COMPETITION POLICY COMPETITIVENESS COMPUTERS CURRICULUM CUSTOMS ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC HISTORY ECONOMICS OF EDUCATION EDUCATED WORKFORCE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEMS ELITES EMPIRE ENGINEERING ENGINEERING DEPARTMENTS ENGINEERS ENROLLMENT RATES ENTREPRENEURIAL SKILLS ENTREPRENEURIAL SPIRIT EQUIPMENT EXPENDITURES EXTERNALITY GDP GROWTH PATH HIGH-SPEED HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER TECHNICAL EDUCATION HISTORICAL CONTEXT HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN RESOURCE INCOME DISTRIBUTION INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION INNOVATION INNOVATIONS INSTITUTION INVENTION INVENTIONS INVENTORS KNOW-HOW LABOR FORCE LAND GRANT COLLEGES LEARNING LITERACY LITERACY RATE LITERACY RATES LITERATURE LOCAL UNIVERSITIES MACROECONOMICS MANUFACTURING MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY MARKET SHARE MARKETING MATERIAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING MISSING ELEMENTS NATIONAL INNOVATIVE CAPACITY NATURAL RESOURCE NATURAL SCIENCES NATURAL] RESOURCE NEW TECHNOLOGIES NEW TECHNOLOGY NEW UNIVERSITIES OPEN ACCESS ORGANIZATIONAL INNOVATION PAPERS POLITICAL ECONOMY PRINTING PRESS PRODUCTION PROCESSES PRODUCTIVITY PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS PROFESSIONAL TRAINING PROFESSORS PROGRAMS PROTECTIONISM QUALITY OF EDUCATION R&D RAM REGIONAL TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE REGISTRIES REGISTRY RESULT RESULTS RURAL ECONOMIES SAN SCHOOLS SCIENTIFIC ACADEMIES SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY SCIENTIFIC INSTITUTIONS SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH SKILL LEVELS SOCIAL STRUCTURE SPECIALIZATION TAX TEACHERS TEACHING TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCE TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE TECHNOLOGY DIFFUSION TELEPHONY TERTIARY EDUCATION TIME PERIOD UNIVERSITIES UNIVERSITY DEGREES USE OF CAPITAL USES WEALTH OF NATIONS WORKERS Using newly collected national and sub-national data, and historical case studies, this paper argues that differences in innovative capacity, captured by the density of engineers at the dawn of the Second Industrial Revolution, are important to explaining present income differences, and, in particular, the poor performance of Latin America relative to North America. This remains the case after controlling for literacy, other higher order human capital, such as lawyers, as well as demand side elements that might be confounded with engineering. The analysis then finds that agglomeration, certain geographical fundamentals, and extractive institutions such as slavery affect innovative capacity. However, a large effect associated with being a Spanish colony remains suggesting important inherited factors. 2014-04-10T19:49:27Z 2014-04-10T19:49:27Z 2014-03 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/03/19292695/engineers-innovative-capacity-development-americas http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17725 English en_US Policy Research Working Paper;No. 6814 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research Latin America & Caribbean Latin America |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
ACCESS TO EDUCATION ADOPTION OF TECHNOLOGIES APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY ARISTOCRACY ATTRIBUTES AVAILABILITY OF DATA BASIC BUSINESS SCHOOL CALCULATORS CAPABILITIES CAPITAL INVESTMENTS CITIES CIVIL ENGINEERING COLLEGES COLONIAL HERITAGE COMMERCE COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE COMPETITION POLICY COMPETITIVENESS COMPUTERS CURRICULUM CUSTOMS ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC HISTORY ECONOMICS OF EDUCATION EDUCATED WORKFORCE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEMS ELITES EMPIRE ENGINEERING ENGINEERING DEPARTMENTS ENGINEERS ENROLLMENT RATES ENTREPRENEURIAL SKILLS ENTREPRENEURIAL SPIRIT EQUIPMENT EXPENDITURES EXTERNALITY GDP GROWTH PATH HIGH-SPEED HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER TECHNICAL EDUCATION HISTORICAL CONTEXT HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN RESOURCE INCOME DISTRIBUTION INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION INNOVATION INNOVATIONS INSTITUTION INVENTION INVENTIONS INVENTORS KNOW-HOW LABOR FORCE LAND GRANT COLLEGES LEARNING LITERACY LITERACY RATE LITERACY RATES LITERATURE LOCAL UNIVERSITIES MACROECONOMICS MANUFACTURING MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY MARKET SHARE MARKETING MATERIAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING MISSING ELEMENTS NATIONAL INNOVATIVE CAPACITY NATURAL RESOURCE NATURAL SCIENCES NATURAL] RESOURCE NEW TECHNOLOGIES NEW TECHNOLOGY NEW UNIVERSITIES OPEN ACCESS ORGANIZATIONAL INNOVATION PAPERS POLITICAL ECONOMY PRINTING PRESS PRODUCTION PROCESSES PRODUCTIVITY PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS PROFESSIONAL TRAINING PROFESSORS PROGRAMS PROTECTIONISM QUALITY OF EDUCATION R&D RAM REGIONAL TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE REGISTRIES REGISTRY RESULT RESULTS RURAL ECONOMIES SAN SCHOOLS SCIENTIFIC ACADEMIES SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY SCIENTIFIC INSTITUTIONS SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH SKILL LEVELS SOCIAL STRUCTURE SPECIALIZATION TAX TEACHERS TEACHING TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCE TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE TECHNOLOGY DIFFUSION TELEPHONY TERTIARY EDUCATION TIME PERIOD UNIVERSITIES UNIVERSITY DEGREES USE OF CAPITAL USES WEALTH OF NATIONS WORKERS |
| spellingShingle |
ACCESS TO EDUCATION ADOPTION OF TECHNOLOGIES APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY ARISTOCRACY ATTRIBUTES AVAILABILITY OF DATA BASIC BUSINESS SCHOOL CALCULATORS CAPABILITIES CAPITAL INVESTMENTS CITIES CIVIL ENGINEERING COLLEGES COLONIAL HERITAGE COMMERCE COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE COMPETITION POLICY COMPETITIVENESS COMPUTERS CURRICULUM CUSTOMS ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC HISTORY ECONOMICS OF EDUCATION EDUCATED WORKFORCE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEMS ELITES EMPIRE ENGINEERING ENGINEERING DEPARTMENTS ENGINEERS ENROLLMENT RATES ENTREPRENEURIAL SKILLS ENTREPRENEURIAL SPIRIT EQUIPMENT EXPENDITURES EXTERNALITY GDP GROWTH PATH HIGH-SPEED HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER TECHNICAL EDUCATION HISTORICAL CONTEXT HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN RESOURCE INCOME DISTRIBUTION INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION INNOVATION INNOVATIONS INSTITUTION INVENTION INVENTIONS INVENTORS KNOW-HOW LABOR FORCE LAND GRANT COLLEGES LEARNING LITERACY LITERACY RATE LITERACY RATES LITERATURE LOCAL UNIVERSITIES MACROECONOMICS MANUFACTURING MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY MARKET SHARE MARKETING MATERIAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING MISSING ELEMENTS NATIONAL INNOVATIVE CAPACITY NATURAL RESOURCE NATURAL SCIENCES NATURAL] RESOURCE NEW TECHNOLOGIES NEW TECHNOLOGY NEW UNIVERSITIES OPEN ACCESS ORGANIZATIONAL INNOVATION PAPERS POLITICAL ECONOMY PRINTING PRESS PRODUCTION PROCESSES PRODUCTIVITY PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS PROFESSIONAL TRAINING PROFESSORS PROGRAMS PROTECTIONISM QUALITY OF EDUCATION R&D RAM REGIONAL TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE REGISTRIES REGISTRY RESULT RESULTS RURAL ECONOMIES SAN SCHOOLS SCIENTIFIC ACADEMIES SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY SCIENTIFIC INSTITUTIONS SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH SKILL LEVELS SOCIAL STRUCTURE SPECIALIZATION TAX TEACHERS TEACHING TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCE TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE TECHNOLOGY DIFFUSION TELEPHONY TERTIARY EDUCATION TIME PERIOD UNIVERSITIES UNIVERSITY DEGREES USE OF CAPITAL USES WEALTH OF NATIONS WORKERS Maloney, William F. Valencia Caicedo, Felipe Engineers, Innovative Capacity and Development in the Americas |
| geographic_facet |
Latin America & Caribbean Latin America |
| relation |
Policy Research Working Paper;No. 6814 |
| description |
Using newly collected national and
sub-national data, and historical case studies, this paper
argues that differences in innovative capacity, captured by
the density of engineers at the dawn of the Second
Industrial Revolution, are important to explaining present
income differences, and, in particular, the poor performance
of Latin America relative to North America. This remains the
case after controlling for literacy, other higher order
human capital, such as lawyers, as well as demand side
elements that might be confounded with engineering. The
analysis then finds that agglomeration, certain geographical
fundamentals, and extractive institutions such as slavery
affect innovative capacity. However, a large effect
associated with being a Spanish colony remains suggesting
important inherited factors. |
| format |
Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper |
| author |
Maloney, William F. Valencia Caicedo, Felipe |
| author_facet |
Maloney, William F. Valencia Caicedo, Felipe |
| author_sort |
Maloney, William F. |
| title |
Engineers, Innovative Capacity and Development in the Americas |
| title_short |
Engineers, Innovative Capacity and Development in the Americas |
| title_full |
Engineers, Innovative Capacity and Development in the Americas |
| title_fullStr |
Engineers, Innovative Capacity and Development in the Americas |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Engineers, Innovative Capacity and Development in the Americas |
| title_sort |
engineers, innovative capacity and development in the americas |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2014 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/03/19292695/engineers-innovative-capacity-development-americas http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17725 |
| _version_ |
1764438191865069568 |