Latin America and the Caribbean Region Energy Sector : Retrospective Review and Challenges
During the 90s, most countries in Latin America and the Caribbean Region (LCR) supported by the World Bank, implemented a market-oriented reform in the energy sector to promote competition, economic regulation and greater private sector participati...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | ESMAP Paper |
| Language: | English en_US |
| Published: |
World Bank, Washington, DC
2014
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2009/01/11495405/latin-america-caribbean-region-energy-sector-retrospective-review-challenges http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17536 |
| Summary: | During the 90s, most countries in Latin
America and the Caribbean Region (LCR) supported by the
World Bank, implemented a market-oriented reform in the
energy sector to promote competition, economic regulation
and greater private sector participation, as the main
instruments to improve the quality, reliability and
efficiency of energy services, and improve the
government's fiscal position and increase affordable
access to modern energy services for the poor. This report
comprises an assessment of the energy sector reform in the
region: its achievements, difficulties, lessons learnt and
current status; an assessment of the future needs of the
energy sector investment and financing requirements,
constraints, and challenges; and a review of the role of
development agencies in supporting the region's energy
needs. The study is not a systematic analysis of the reform
experience and needs of individual countries, which is not
deemed necessary to define an energy strategy for the
region, but rather an analysis of the main themes that are
common to most countries, with reference to specific cases
of individual countries, based on a review of the
documentation available on the reform, and on current energy
plans. The power sector reform in the region had a
substantial positive fiscal impact. During the past 15
years, private investment in electricity in LCR amounted to
about US$103 bn, about 60 percent in divestiture of public
assets, and 40 percent in green-field projects. Investments
in divestiture peaked at about US$21 bn at the time of the
privatization of major distribution assets in Brazil, and
almost vanished by 2002. Investments in green-field projects
have been more stable during the past 10 years. |
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