Credit Constraints, Agricultural Productivity, and Rural Nonfarm Participation : Evidence from Rwanda

Although the potentially negative impacts of credit constraints on economic development have long been discussed conceptually, empirical evidence for Africa remains limited. This study uses a direct elicitation approach for a national sample of Rwa...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Ali, Daniel Ayalew, Deininger, Klaus, Duponchel, Marguerite
Format:	Policy Research Working Paper
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2014
Subjects:	ACCESS TO CAPITAL ACCESS TO CREDIT ACCESS TO INFORMATION ADVERSE SELECTION AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES AGRICULTURAL FINANCE AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES AGRICULTURE AMOUNT OF LOAN ASSET OWNERSHIP ASSETS BANK ACCOUNT BANK LOAN BANK POLICY BORROWING CONSTRAINTS CAPITAL MARKET COLLATERAL FOR LOANS COLLATERAL REQUIREMENTS COLLATERAL RISK COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGES CONSUMER DURABLES CREDIT ACCESS CREDIT CONSTRAINT CREDIT CONSTRAINTS CREDIT MARKET CREDIT MARKETS CREDIT RATIONING CREDIT UNIONS DEMAND FOR CREDIT DEMAND-SIDE FACTORS DEPENDENT DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DEVELOPMENT POLICY DISEQUILIBRIUM DURABLE DURABLE ASSETS ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS ECONOMETRIC EVIDENCE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC OUTCOMES ECONOMIC RESEARCH ECONOMICS EMPLOYMENT ENTRY BARRIERS EQUILIBRIUM CREDIT RATIONING EXCESS DEMAND EXPENDITURE EXPORTS FINANCIAL DEEPENING FINANCIAL MARKETS FORMAL LOANS FORMS OF CREDIT GDP HOLDING HOLDINGS HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSING INCENTIVE EFFECTS INCOME INCOME INEQUALITY INCOME SHOCKS INDEBTED INFORMAL BORROWING INFORMAL CREDIT INSTRUMENT INSURANCE INSURANCE MARKET INTEREST RATE INTEREST RATE RESTRICTIONS INTEREST RATES INTERNATIONAL BANK INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT INVESTMENT PURPOSES LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKETS LACK OF COLLATERAL LAND AS COLLATERAL LAND OWNERSHIP LAND PARCELS LAND TENURE LAND TITLING LAND USE LENDERS LIQUIDITY LOAN LOAN AMOUNT LOAN AMOUNTS LOAN APPLICATION LOAN APPLICATIONS LOAN MARKET LOAN TERMS LOANABLE FUNDS LOANS FROM FAMILY LOSS OF COLLATERAL LOW INTEREST RATES MARKET ACCESS MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD ESTIMATION MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD METHOD MICRO-FINANCE MICRO-FINANCE INSTITUTIONS MICROFINANCE MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS MISSING MARKETS MOBILE PHONE MONEY LENDER MONEYLENDERS OPPORTUNITY COST PAYOFFS PERMANENT INCOME PORTFOLIO PORTFOLIOS POTENTIAL BORROWERS PRODUCTIVITY PROFITABILITY PROPERTY RIGHTS REGRESSION MODELS REMITTANCES REPAYMENT RESOURCE ALLOCATION RETURN RETURNS RISK AVERSION RURAL CREDIT RURAL CREDIT MARKETS RURAL FINANCIAL MARKETS SAVINGS SMALLHOLDER AGRICULTURE SOCIAL CAPITAL SOCIAL NETWORKS SOURCE OF CREDIT SUPPLY OF CREDIT TITLES TRANSACTION TRANSACTION COST TRANSACTION COSTS TRANSITORY INCOME VALUE OF OUTPUT WAGES WEALTH WEALTH EFFECTS
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/02/18910977/credit-constraints-agricultural-productivity-rural-nonfarm-participation-evidence-rwanda http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17305