Trade Policy and Poverty Reduction in Brazil
A multi-region computable general equilibrium model is used to evaluate the regional, multilateral, and unilateral trade policy options of Mercosur from the perspective of the welfare of all potential partners in several proposed agreements. The fo...
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| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English en_US |
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Washington, DC: World Bank
2014
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2004/09/17747614/trade-policy-poverty-reduction-brazil http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17162 |
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okr-10986-171622021-04-23T14:03:29Z Trade Policy and Poverty Reduction in Brazil Harrison, Glenn W. Rutherford, Thomas F. Tarr, David G. Gurgel, Angelo AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES AGRICULTURAL MARKETS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURAL SUBSIDIES AGRICULTURAL SUPPORT AGRICULTURAL SUPPORT POLICIES AGRICULTURAL TRADE AGRICULTURAL TRADE LIBERALIZATION AGRICULTURE APPLIED TARIFF ARBITRAGE AVERAGE EXCHANGE RATE AVERAGE TARIFF AVERAGE TARIFFS BENCHMARK BORDER PROTECTION BUDGET CONSTRAINTS COEFFICIENT ESTIMATE CONSUMER SURPLUS CONSUMERS CORRELATION COEFFICIENT COUNTRY DUMMY COUNTRY DUMMY VARIABLES CURRENCY DATA CUSTOMS CUSTOMS REVENUE DEMAND ELASTICITIES DEMAND ELASTICITY DEPRESSING EFFECT DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DISTORTIONS DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION DOMESTIC DEMAND DOMESTIC PRODUCTION DOMESTIC SUPPORT POLICIES ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC POLICY ELASTICITY ELASTICITY OF EXPORT EQUILIBRIUM EXCHANGE RATE EXCHANGE RATE OVERVALUATION EXOGENOUS SHOCK EXPORT REVENUE EXPORT SUBSIDIES EXPORT SUBSIDY EXPORT SUBSIDY COMMITMENTS EXPORT SUPPLY EXPORTERS EXPORTS FACTOR MARKETS FIXED COSTS FOOD INDUSTRY FREE ACCESS GDP GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODELS GLOBAL TRADE GLOBAL TRADE ANALYSIS HIGH TARIFFS HIGH-INCOME COUNTRIES IMPACT ON PRICE IMPORT IMPORT COMPETITION IMPORT DEMAND IMPORT PRICES IMPORTS INCOME INDUSTRIAL POLICY INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL STATISTICS INTERNATIONAL MARKET INTERNATIONAL TRADE INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT LDCS MARKET ACCESS MARKET STRUCTURE MOST FAVORED NATION NATIONAL CURRENCY NATIONAL INTERESTS NET EXPORTERS OVERVALUATION PER CAPITA INCOME PREFERENTIAL ACCESS PREFERENTIAL TRADE PREFERENTIAL TRADE ARRANGEMENTS PRICE ELASTICITIES PRICE ELASTICITY PRICE INCREASES PRICE SUPPORT PRICE SUPPORTS PRODUCT MARKETS PROTECTION DATA PROTECTION MEASURES QUOTA TARIFFS QUOTAS REDUCTION IN TARIFFS RENTS RULES OF ORIGIN SPECIALIZATION SPECIFIC COMMITMENTS SUBSIDY POLICIES SUPPLY RESPONSE SUPPLY SIDE TARIFF CLASSIFICATION TARIFF EQUIVALENT TARIFF LINES TARIFF PROTECTION TARIFF RATE TARIFF RATE QUOTAS TARIFF REDUCTION TARIFF REDUCTIONS TARIFF REVENUE TAXATION TERMS OF TRADE TOTAL EXPORTS TRADE BARRIERS TRADE DATA TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE LOSSES TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE POLICY TRADE POLICY REFORMS TRADE PREFERENCES TRADE REFORMS TRADE RESTRICTIVENESS TRADE SHARES TRADING PARTNERS TRANSPORT COSTS UNILATERAL LIBERALIZATION URUGUAY ROUND WEIGHTS WELFARE GAINS WELFARE IMPACTS WELFARE LOSS WELFARE LOSSES WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS WORLD ECONOMY WORLD MARKET WORLD MARKETS WORLD PRICE WORLD PRICES WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WORLD TRADING SYSTEM WTO A multi-region computable general equilibrium model is used to evaluate the regional, multilateral, and unilateral trade policy options of Mercosur from the perspective of the welfare of all potential partners in several proposed agreements. The focus for Brazil is on poverty impacts. The results show that the poorest households in Brazil experience gains of 1.5-5.5 percent of their consumption, which are about three to four times the average gains for Brazil. Protection in Brazil favors capital-intensive manufacturing relative to unskilled labor-intensive agriculture and manufacturing. So trade liberalization raises the return to unskilled labor relative to capital and disproportionately helps the poor. 2014-02-26T13:19:35Z 2014-02-26T13:19:35Z 2004-09 Journal Article http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2004/09/17747614/trade-policy-poverty-reduction-brazil World Bank Economic Review http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17162 English en_US CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/igo World Bank Washington, DC: World Bank Publications & Research :: Journal Article Publications & Research Latin America & Caribbean Brazil |
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Digital Repository |
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Foreign Institution |
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Digital Repositories |
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World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
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World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES AGRICULTURAL MARKETS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURAL SUBSIDIES AGRICULTURAL SUPPORT AGRICULTURAL SUPPORT POLICIES AGRICULTURAL TRADE AGRICULTURAL TRADE LIBERALIZATION AGRICULTURE APPLIED TARIFF ARBITRAGE AVERAGE EXCHANGE RATE AVERAGE TARIFF AVERAGE TARIFFS BENCHMARK BORDER PROTECTION BUDGET CONSTRAINTS COEFFICIENT ESTIMATE CONSUMER SURPLUS CONSUMERS CORRELATION COEFFICIENT COUNTRY DUMMY COUNTRY DUMMY VARIABLES CURRENCY DATA CUSTOMS CUSTOMS REVENUE DEMAND ELASTICITIES DEMAND ELASTICITY DEPRESSING EFFECT DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DISTORTIONS DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION DOMESTIC DEMAND DOMESTIC PRODUCTION DOMESTIC SUPPORT POLICIES ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC POLICY ELASTICITY ELASTICITY OF EXPORT EQUILIBRIUM EXCHANGE RATE EXCHANGE RATE OVERVALUATION EXOGENOUS SHOCK EXPORT REVENUE EXPORT SUBSIDIES EXPORT SUBSIDY EXPORT SUBSIDY COMMITMENTS EXPORT SUPPLY EXPORTERS EXPORTS FACTOR MARKETS FIXED COSTS FOOD INDUSTRY FREE ACCESS GDP GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODELS GLOBAL TRADE GLOBAL TRADE ANALYSIS HIGH TARIFFS HIGH-INCOME COUNTRIES IMPACT ON PRICE IMPORT IMPORT COMPETITION IMPORT DEMAND IMPORT PRICES IMPORTS INCOME INDUSTRIAL POLICY INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL STATISTICS INTERNATIONAL MARKET INTERNATIONAL TRADE INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT LDCS MARKET ACCESS MARKET STRUCTURE MOST FAVORED NATION NATIONAL CURRENCY NATIONAL INTERESTS NET EXPORTERS OVERVALUATION PER CAPITA INCOME PREFERENTIAL ACCESS PREFERENTIAL TRADE PREFERENTIAL TRADE ARRANGEMENTS PRICE ELASTICITIES PRICE ELASTICITY PRICE INCREASES PRICE SUPPORT PRICE SUPPORTS PRODUCT MARKETS PROTECTION DATA PROTECTION MEASURES QUOTA TARIFFS QUOTAS REDUCTION IN TARIFFS RENTS RULES OF ORIGIN SPECIALIZATION SPECIFIC COMMITMENTS SUBSIDY POLICIES SUPPLY RESPONSE SUPPLY SIDE TARIFF CLASSIFICATION TARIFF EQUIVALENT TARIFF LINES TARIFF PROTECTION TARIFF RATE TARIFF RATE QUOTAS TARIFF REDUCTION TARIFF REDUCTIONS TARIFF REVENUE TAXATION TERMS OF TRADE TOTAL EXPORTS TRADE BARRIERS TRADE DATA TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE LOSSES TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE POLICY TRADE POLICY REFORMS TRADE PREFERENCES TRADE REFORMS TRADE RESTRICTIVENESS TRADE SHARES TRADING PARTNERS TRANSPORT COSTS UNILATERAL LIBERALIZATION URUGUAY ROUND WEIGHTS WELFARE GAINS WELFARE IMPACTS WELFARE LOSS WELFARE LOSSES WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS WORLD ECONOMY WORLD MARKET WORLD MARKETS WORLD PRICE WORLD PRICES WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WORLD TRADING SYSTEM WTO |
| spellingShingle |
AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES AGRICULTURAL MARKETS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURAL SUBSIDIES AGRICULTURAL SUPPORT AGRICULTURAL SUPPORT POLICIES AGRICULTURAL TRADE AGRICULTURAL TRADE LIBERALIZATION AGRICULTURE APPLIED TARIFF ARBITRAGE AVERAGE EXCHANGE RATE AVERAGE TARIFF AVERAGE TARIFFS BENCHMARK BORDER PROTECTION BUDGET CONSTRAINTS COEFFICIENT ESTIMATE CONSUMER SURPLUS CONSUMERS CORRELATION COEFFICIENT COUNTRY DUMMY COUNTRY DUMMY VARIABLES CURRENCY DATA CUSTOMS CUSTOMS REVENUE DEMAND ELASTICITIES DEMAND ELASTICITY DEPRESSING EFFECT DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DISTORTIONS DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION DOMESTIC DEMAND DOMESTIC PRODUCTION DOMESTIC SUPPORT POLICIES ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC POLICY ELASTICITY ELASTICITY OF EXPORT EQUILIBRIUM EXCHANGE RATE EXCHANGE RATE OVERVALUATION EXOGENOUS SHOCK EXPORT REVENUE EXPORT SUBSIDIES EXPORT SUBSIDY EXPORT SUBSIDY COMMITMENTS EXPORT SUPPLY EXPORTERS EXPORTS FACTOR MARKETS FIXED COSTS FOOD INDUSTRY FREE ACCESS GDP GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODELS GLOBAL TRADE GLOBAL TRADE ANALYSIS HIGH TARIFFS HIGH-INCOME COUNTRIES IMPACT ON PRICE IMPORT IMPORT COMPETITION IMPORT DEMAND IMPORT PRICES IMPORTS INCOME INDUSTRIAL POLICY INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL STATISTICS INTERNATIONAL MARKET INTERNATIONAL TRADE INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT LDCS MARKET ACCESS MARKET STRUCTURE MOST FAVORED NATION NATIONAL CURRENCY NATIONAL INTERESTS NET EXPORTERS OVERVALUATION PER CAPITA INCOME PREFERENTIAL ACCESS PREFERENTIAL TRADE PREFERENTIAL TRADE ARRANGEMENTS PRICE ELASTICITIES PRICE ELASTICITY PRICE INCREASES PRICE SUPPORT PRICE SUPPORTS PRODUCT MARKETS PROTECTION DATA PROTECTION MEASURES QUOTA TARIFFS QUOTAS REDUCTION IN TARIFFS RENTS RULES OF ORIGIN SPECIALIZATION SPECIFIC COMMITMENTS SUBSIDY POLICIES SUPPLY RESPONSE SUPPLY SIDE TARIFF CLASSIFICATION TARIFF EQUIVALENT TARIFF LINES TARIFF PROTECTION TARIFF RATE TARIFF RATE QUOTAS TARIFF REDUCTION TARIFF REDUCTIONS TARIFF REVENUE TAXATION TERMS OF TRADE TOTAL EXPORTS TRADE BARRIERS TRADE DATA TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE LOSSES TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE POLICY TRADE POLICY REFORMS TRADE PREFERENCES TRADE REFORMS TRADE RESTRICTIVENESS TRADE SHARES TRADING PARTNERS TRANSPORT COSTS UNILATERAL LIBERALIZATION URUGUAY ROUND WEIGHTS WELFARE GAINS WELFARE IMPACTS WELFARE LOSS WELFARE LOSSES WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS WORLD ECONOMY WORLD MARKET WORLD MARKETS WORLD PRICE WORLD PRICES WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WORLD TRADING SYSTEM WTO Harrison, Glenn W. Rutherford, Thomas F. Tarr, David G. Gurgel, Angelo Trade Policy and Poverty Reduction in Brazil |
| geographic_facet |
Latin America & Caribbean Brazil |
| description |
A multi-region computable general
equilibrium model is used to evaluate the regional,
multilateral, and unilateral trade policy options of
Mercosur from the perspective of the welfare of all
potential partners in several proposed agreements. The focus
for Brazil is on poverty impacts. The results show that the
poorest households in Brazil experience gains of 1.5-5.5
percent of their consumption, which are about three to four
times the average gains for Brazil. Protection in Brazil
favors capital-intensive manufacturing relative to unskilled
labor-intensive agriculture and manufacturing. So trade
liberalization raises the return to unskilled labor relative
to capital and disproportionately helps the poor. |
| format |
Journal Article |
| author |
Harrison, Glenn W. Rutherford, Thomas F. Tarr, David G. Gurgel, Angelo |
| author_facet |
Harrison, Glenn W. Rutherford, Thomas F. Tarr, David G. Gurgel, Angelo |
| author_sort |
Harrison, Glenn W. |
| title |
Trade Policy and Poverty Reduction in Brazil |
| title_short |
Trade Policy and Poverty Reduction in Brazil |
| title_full |
Trade Policy and Poverty Reduction in Brazil |
| title_fullStr |
Trade Policy and Poverty Reduction in Brazil |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Trade Policy and Poverty Reduction in Brazil |
| title_sort |
trade policy and poverty reduction in brazil |
| publisher |
Washington, DC: World Bank |
| publishDate |
2014 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2004/09/17747614/trade-policy-poverty-reduction-brazil http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17162 |
| _version_ |
1764433388878430208 |