International Tradability Indices for Services

This paper uses a theoretically grounded model of international trade to estimate the cross-border tradability of services. The resulting indices cover up to 99 countries and ten sectors. The results show that information and communications technol...

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Main Authors:	van der Marel, Erik, Shepherd, Ben
Format:	Policy Research Working Paper
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2014
Subjects:	ABSOLUTE VALUE ACCORD ACCORDS ACTUAL VALUE AD VALOREM AGREEMENT ON TRADE AIR TRANSPORT BALANCE OF PAYMENTS BANKING SERVICES BILATERAL TRADE BUSINESS PROCESS OUTSOURCING BUSINESS SERVICES CAPITAL STOCK CITIES COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY COMMUNICATIONS SERVICES COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE COMPETITIVENESS COMPUTER AND INFORMATION SERVICES CONSTRUCTION SERVICES CONSUMER MOVES CONSUMERS CROSS-BORDER TRADE DEVELOPING WORLD DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DEVELOPMENT POLICY DOMESTIC MARKET DOMESTIC REGULATION DOMESTIC REGULATIONS ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC POLICY EXPORT PROSPECTS EXPORT SECTORS EXPORT SHARES EXPORT VALUE EXPORTERS EXPORTING COUNTRY EXPORTS FACTOR ENDOWMENTS FATS FINANCIAL CRISIS FINANCIAL SERVICES FIXED COST FIXED COSTS FOREIGN AFFILIATE FOREIGN BANK FOREIGN BANKS FOREIGN FIRMS FOREIGN SUPPLIERS GATS GATS MODES OF SUPPLY GDP GDP PER CAPITA GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TRADE IN SERVICES GLOBAL LEVEL GOVERNMENT SERVICES GRAVITY MODEL GRAVITY MODELS HUMAN CAPITAL IMPORT PRICES IMPORTING COUNTRIES INDEX NUMBERS INSURANCE SERVICES INTERNATIONAL BANK INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGE OF GOODS INTERNATIONAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS INTERNATIONAL TRADE INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN SERVICES LEGAL SYSTEM LEGAL SYSTEMS MARGINAL EFFECTS MARKET ACCESS MARKET SIZE MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES MODES OF SUPPLY MULTILATERAL LIBERALIZATION NATIONAL PRODUCTION NATURAL PERSONS OPEN MARKETS PATTERN OF SPECIALIZATION PATTERN OF TRADE PERSONAL SERVICES POLICY RESEARCH POLITICAL ECONOMY PRIVATE PROPERTY PRODUCTION PROCESS PRODUCTIVITY PROPERTY RIGHTS RECREATIONAL SERVICES REGIONAL INTEGRATION REGIONAL TRADE REGULATORY BARRIERS REGULATORY REFORM REGULATORY STANCE RESTRICTIVE REGULATIONS RULE OF LAW SERVICE PROVIDER SERVICE SECTOR SERVICES CONTEXT SERVICES INDUSTRIES SERVICES INDUSTRY SERVICES MARKETS SERVICES SECTOR SERVICES SECTORS SERVICES TAKES SERVICES TRADE SERVICES TRANSACTIONS SKILLED LABOR SPECIALIZATION TARIFF EQUIVALENTS TELECOMMUNICATIONS TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICES TERMS OF TRADE TRADE AGREEMENT TRADE COSTS TRADE DATA TRADE FLOW TRADE FLOWS TRADE IN SERVICES TRADE INTENSITY TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE MORE TRADE PERFORMANCE TRADE POLICIES TRADE POLICY TRADE RESTRICTIONS TRADE SERVICES TRADE STATISTICS TRADE THEORIES TRADE VALUES TRADING PARTNERS TRANSPORT SERVICES TRANSPORTATION SERVICES TRAVEL SERVICES TYPE OF SERVICE VALUE ADDED VALUE OF EXPORTS VALUE OF TRADE WORLD MARKET WORLD MARKETS WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/11/18554401/international-tradability-indices-services http://hdl.handle.net/10986/16901

id	okr-10986-16901
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	okr-10986-169012021-04-23T14:03:33Z International Tradability Indices for Services van der Marel, Erik Shepherd, Ben ABSOLUTE VALUE ACCORD ACCORDS ACTUAL VALUE AD VALOREM AGREEMENT ON TRADE AIR TRANSPORT BALANCE OF PAYMENTS BANKING SERVICES BILATERAL TRADE BUSINESS PROCESS OUTSOURCING BUSINESS SERVICES CAPITAL STOCK CITIES COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY COMMUNICATIONS SERVICES COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE COMPETITIVENESS COMPUTER AND INFORMATION SERVICES CONSTRUCTION SERVICES CONSUMER MOVES CONSUMERS CROSS-BORDER TRADE DEVELOPING WORLD DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DEVELOPMENT POLICY DOMESTIC MARKET DOMESTIC REGULATION DOMESTIC REGULATIONS ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC POLICY EXPORT PROSPECTS EXPORT SECTORS EXPORT SHARES EXPORT VALUE EXPORTERS EXPORTING COUNTRY EXPORTS FACTOR ENDOWMENTS FATS FINANCIAL CRISIS FINANCIAL SERVICES FIXED COST FIXED COSTS FOREIGN AFFILIATE FOREIGN BANK FOREIGN BANKS FOREIGN FIRMS FOREIGN SUPPLIERS GATS GATS MODES OF SUPPLY GDP GDP PER CAPITA GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TRADE IN SERVICES GLOBAL LEVEL GOVERNMENT SERVICES GRAVITY MODEL GRAVITY MODELS HUMAN CAPITAL IMPORT PRICES IMPORTING COUNTRIES INDEX NUMBERS INSURANCE SERVICES INTERNATIONAL BANK INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGE OF GOODS INTERNATIONAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS INTERNATIONAL TRADE INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN SERVICES LEGAL SYSTEM LEGAL SYSTEMS MARGINAL EFFECTS MARKET ACCESS MARKET SIZE MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES MODES OF SUPPLY MULTILATERAL LIBERALIZATION NATIONAL PRODUCTION NATURAL PERSONS OPEN MARKETS PATTERN OF SPECIALIZATION PATTERN OF TRADE PERSONAL SERVICES POLICY RESEARCH POLITICAL ECONOMY PRIVATE PROPERTY PRODUCTION PROCESS PRODUCTIVITY PROPERTY RIGHTS RECREATIONAL SERVICES REGIONAL INTEGRATION REGIONAL TRADE REGULATORY BARRIERS REGULATORY REFORM REGULATORY STANCE RESTRICTIVE REGULATIONS RULE OF LAW SERVICE PROVIDER SERVICE SECTOR SERVICES CONTEXT SERVICES INDUSTRIES SERVICES INDUSTRY SERVICES MARKETS SERVICES SECTOR SERVICES SECTORS SERVICES TAKES SERVICES TRADE SERVICES TRANSACTIONS SKILLED LABOR SPECIALIZATION TARIFF EQUIVALENTS TELECOMMUNICATIONS TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICES TERMS OF TRADE TRADE AGREEMENT TRADE COSTS TRADE DATA TRADE FLOW TRADE FLOWS TRADE IN SERVICES TRADE INTENSITY TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE MORE TRADE PERFORMANCE TRADE POLICIES TRADE POLICY TRADE RESTRICTIONS TRADE SERVICES TRADE STATISTICS TRADE THEORIES TRADE VALUES TRADING PARTNERS TRANSPORT SERVICES TRANSPORTATION SERVICES TRAVEL SERVICES TYPE OF SERVICE VALUE ADDED VALUE OF EXPORTS VALUE OF TRADE WORLD MARKET WORLD MARKETS WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO This paper uses a theoretically grounded model of international trade to estimate the cross-border tradability of services. The resulting indices cover up to 99 countries and ten sectors. The results show that information and communications technology capital and legal institutions are particularly important determinants of a country's ability to successfully export services. The tradability indices are strongly correlated with outcome indicators, such as trade shares of individual countries. In addition, they are strongly correlated with important inputs, including country productivity and size, factor endowments, trade costs, and regulatory measures. In particular, the results suggest that a more restrictive regulatory environment significantly reduces the international tradability of services. 2014-02-04T22:15:27Z 2014-02-04T22:15:27Z 2013-11 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/11/18554401/international-tradability-indices-services http://hdl.handle.net/10986/16901 English en_US Policy Research Working Paper;No. 6712 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English en_US
topic	ABSOLUTE VALUE ACCORD ACCORDS ACTUAL VALUE AD VALOREM AGREEMENT ON TRADE AIR TRANSPORT BALANCE OF PAYMENTS BANKING SERVICES BILATERAL TRADE BUSINESS PROCESS OUTSOURCING BUSINESS SERVICES CAPITAL STOCK CITIES COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY COMMUNICATIONS SERVICES COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE COMPETITIVENESS COMPUTER AND INFORMATION SERVICES CONSTRUCTION SERVICES CONSUMER MOVES CONSUMERS CROSS-BORDER TRADE DEVELOPING WORLD DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DEVELOPMENT POLICY DOMESTIC MARKET DOMESTIC REGULATION DOMESTIC REGULATIONS ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC POLICY EXPORT PROSPECTS EXPORT SECTORS EXPORT SHARES EXPORT VALUE EXPORTERS EXPORTING COUNTRY EXPORTS FACTOR ENDOWMENTS FATS FINANCIAL CRISIS FINANCIAL SERVICES FIXED COST FIXED COSTS FOREIGN AFFILIATE FOREIGN BANK FOREIGN BANKS FOREIGN FIRMS FOREIGN SUPPLIERS GATS GATS MODES OF SUPPLY GDP GDP PER CAPITA GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TRADE IN SERVICES GLOBAL LEVEL GOVERNMENT SERVICES GRAVITY MODEL GRAVITY MODELS HUMAN CAPITAL IMPORT PRICES IMPORTING COUNTRIES INDEX NUMBERS INSURANCE SERVICES INTERNATIONAL BANK INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGE OF GOODS INTERNATIONAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS INTERNATIONAL TRADE INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN SERVICES LEGAL SYSTEM LEGAL SYSTEMS MARGINAL EFFECTS MARKET ACCESS MARKET SIZE MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES MODES OF SUPPLY MULTILATERAL LIBERALIZATION NATIONAL PRODUCTION NATURAL PERSONS OPEN MARKETS PATTERN OF SPECIALIZATION PATTERN OF TRADE PERSONAL SERVICES POLICY RESEARCH POLITICAL ECONOMY PRIVATE PROPERTY PRODUCTION PROCESS PRODUCTIVITY PROPERTY RIGHTS RECREATIONAL SERVICES REGIONAL INTEGRATION REGIONAL TRADE REGULATORY BARRIERS REGULATORY REFORM REGULATORY STANCE RESTRICTIVE REGULATIONS RULE OF LAW SERVICE PROVIDER SERVICE SECTOR SERVICES CONTEXT SERVICES INDUSTRIES SERVICES INDUSTRY SERVICES MARKETS SERVICES SECTOR SERVICES SECTORS SERVICES TAKES SERVICES TRADE SERVICES TRANSACTIONS SKILLED LABOR SPECIALIZATION TARIFF EQUIVALENTS TELECOMMUNICATIONS TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICES TERMS OF TRADE TRADE AGREEMENT TRADE COSTS TRADE DATA TRADE FLOW TRADE FLOWS TRADE IN SERVICES TRADE INTENSITY TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE MORE TRADE PERFORMANCE TRADE POLICIES TRADE POLICY TRADE RESTRICTIONS TRADE SERVICES TRADE STATISTICS TRADE THEORIES TRADE VALUES TRADING PARTNERS TRANSPORT SERVICES TRANSPORTATION SERVICES TRAVEL SERVICES TYPE OF SERVICE VALUE ADDED VALUE OF EXPORTS VALUE OF TRADE WORLD MARKET WORLD MARKETS WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO
spellingShingle	ABSOLUTE VALUE ACCORD ACCORDS ACTUAL VALUE AD VALOREM AGREEMENT ON TRADE AIR TRANSPORT BALANCE OF PAYMENTS BANKING SERVICES BILATERAL TRADE BUSINESS PROCESS OUTSOURCING BUSINESS SERVICES CAPITAL STOCK CITIES COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY COMMUNICATIONS SERVICES COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE COMPETITIVENESS COMPUTER AND INFORMATION SERVICES CONSTRUCTION SERVICES CONSUMER MOVES CONSUMERS CROSS-BORDER TRADE DEVELOPING WORLD DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DEVELOPMENT POLICY DOMESTIC MARKET DOMESTIC REGULATION DOMESTIC REGULATIONS ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC POLICY EXPORT PROSPECTS EXPORT SECTORS EXPORT SHARES EXPORT VALUE EXPORTERS EXPORTING COUNTRY EXPORTS FACTOR ENDOWMENTS FATS FINANCIAL CRISIS FINANCIAL SERVICES FIXED COST FIXED COSTS FOREIGN AFFILIATE FOREIGN BANK FOREIGN BANKS FOREIGN FIRMS FOREIGN SUPPLIERS GATS GATS MODES OF SUPPLY GDP GDP PER CAPITA GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TRADE IN SERVICES GLOBAL LEVEL GOVERNMENT SERVICES GRAVITY MODEL GRAVITY MODELS HUMAN CAPITAL IMPORT PRICES IMPORTING COUNTRIES INDEX NUMBERS INSURANCE SERVICES INTERNATIONAL BANK INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGE OF GOODS INTERNATIONAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS INTERNATIONAL TRADE INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN SERVICES LEGAL SYSTEM LEGAL SYSTEMS MARGINAL EFFECTS MARKET ACCESS MARKET SIZE MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES MODES OF SUPPLY MULTILATERAL LIBERALIZATION NATIONAL PRODUCTION NATURAL PERSONS OPEN MARKETS PATTERN OF SPECIALIZATION PATTERN OF TRADE PERSONAL SERVICES POLICY RESEARCH POLITICAL ECONOMY PRIVATE PROPERTY PRODUCTION PROCESS PRODUCTIVITY PROPERTY RIGHTS RECREATIONAL SERVICES REGIONAL INTEGRATION REGIONAL TRADE REGULATORY BARRIERS REGULATORY REFORM REGULATORY STANCE RESTRICTIVE REGULATIONS RULE OF LAW SERVICE PROVIDER SERVICE SECTOR SERVICES CONTEXT SERVICES INDUSTRIES SERVICES INDUSTRY SERVICES MARKETS SERVICES SECTOR SERVICES SECTORS SERVICES TAKES SERVICES TRADE SERVICES TRANSACTIONS SKILLED LABOR SPECIALIZATION TARIFF EQUIVALENTS TELECOMMUNICATIONS TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICES TERMS OF TRADE TRADE AGREEMENT TRADE COSTS TRADE DATA TRADE FLOW TRADE FLOWS TRADE IN SERVICES TRADE INTENSITY TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE MORE TRADE PERFORMANCE TRADE POLICIES TRADE POLICY TRADE RESTRICTIONS TRADE SERVICES TRADE STATISTICS TRADE THEORIES TRADE VALUES TRADING PARTNERS TRANSPORT SERVICES TRANSPORTATION SERVICES TRAVEL SERVICES TYPE OF SERVICE VALUE ADDED VALUE OF EXPORTS VALUE OF TRADE WORLD MARKET WORLD MARKETS WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO van der Marel, Erik Shepherd, Ben International Tradability Indices for Services
relation	Policy Research Working Paper;No. 6712
description	This paper uses a theoretically grounded model of international trade to estimate the cross-border tradability of services. The resulting indices cover up to 99 countries and ten sectors. The results show that information and communications technology capital and legal institutions are particularly important determinants of a country's ability to successfully export services. The tradability indices are strongly correlated with outcome indicators, such as trade shares of individual countries. In addition, they are strongly correlated with important inputs, including country productivity and size, factor endowments, trade costs, and regulatory measures. In particular, the results suggest that a more restrictive regulatory environment significantly reduces the international tradability of services.
format	Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper
author	van der Marel, Erik Shepherd, Ben
author_facet	van der Marel, Erik Shepherd, Ben
author_sort	van der Marel, Erik
title	International Tradability Indices for Services
title_short	International Tradability Indices for Services
title_full	International Tradability Indices for Services
title_fullStr	International Tradability Indices for Services
title_full_unstemmed	International Tradability Indices for Services
title_sort	international tradability indices for services
publisher	World Bank, Washington, DC
publishDate	2014
url	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/11/18554401/international-tradability-indices-services http://hdl.handle.net/10986/16901
_version_	1764434942291345408

International Tradability Indices for Services

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